Leyan She, Jiaxin Meng, Yaoyu Wang et al. · ChemSusChem · 2026
Review of bimetallic conductive MOFs for supercapacitor electrodes, connecting charge-transport mechanisms with design strategies and representative electrochemical performance.
The review’s argument is preserved as a navigable set of section summaries.
Reviews supercapacitor-relevant bimetallic MOF and hybrid nanostructure applications, with particular emphasis on Ni-Co systems, representative table values, and experimental-context caveats.
Relevance: Core · 12 · 4 | Applications · Table 1
Presents design strategies based on pi-electron interactions, redox activity and mixed-valence effects, and dimensional control of coupled ionic and electronic transport.
Relevance: Core · 9 · 3 | Design Policies
Frames supercapacitor charge-storage classes, explains why conventional MOFs are often limited by low conductivity, introduces bimetallic conductive MOFs, and states the review's focus on linking mechanisms to rational design.
Relevance: Core · 4 · Introduction · Figures 1-3
Summarises bimetallic conductive MOFs as promising but immature electrode materials and prioritises scalable synthesis, in situ characterisation, stability, mechanistic understanding and hybrid integration.
Relevance: Core · 17 · 5 | Conclusions and Prospects
Defines bimetallic conductive MOFs as intrinsically conductive hybrid materials and organises transport into through-space, through-bond, hopping, and contextual ionic mechanisms.
Relevance: Core · 5 · 2 | Conducting Mechanism · Figures 4-5
Classification systems are attributed to this review and are not treated as a global material registry.
The review groups design logic into modulation of sigma/pi connectivity, cooperative redox processes between metal nodes, and 2D or 3D microstructure control.
Categories: Pi-system manipulation · Redox-enhanced conduction · Dimensional control
4 · Introduction
The review contrasts rapid in-plane charge transfer in 2D nanosheets with more balanced multidirectional ion/electron transport and stability in 3D frameworks, then points to hybrids as a future direction.
Categories: Two-dimensional nanosheets · Three-dimensional frameworks · Hybrid architectures
11 · 3.3 | Dimensional Control · Figure 6
The review organises bimetallic conductive MOF electron transport into noncovalent pi-stacking pathways, covalent metal-ligand orbital hybridisation pathways, and mixed-valence hopping pathways.
Categories: Through-space conduction · Through-bond conduction · Hopping conduction
5 · 2 | Conducting Mechanism · Figure 4
Although electronic transport is the main subject, the review briefly classifies ion transport as proton relay, individual ion hopping, or correlated multi-ion diffusion.
Categories: Grotthuss proton relay · Alkali or alkaline-earth ion hopping · Cooperative diffusion
8 · 2.4 | Ionic Transport · Figure 5g-h
The introduction uses standard supercapacitor classes to explain why bimetallic MOFs are attractive: porosity supplies double-layer behaviour while redox-active nodes and ligands supply pseudocapacitance.
Categories: Electrical double-layer capacitance · Pseudocapacitance · Hybrid capacitance
1 · Introduction
Review-defined families retain their representative materials and conduction descriptions.
Frameworks integrating two distinct metal ions within an intrinsically conductive architecture.
Conduction: Conductivity is attributed to ligand-bridged pi-d conjugation, mixed-valence hopping, and intermetallic charge delocalisation.
Representative materials: CoNi-MOF · NaCo-MOF · FeM-MOF · Co/Cu-based MOF
Nodes / linkers: Co · Ni · Na/Co · Fe/Ni · Co/Cu · Conjugated organic linkers · Azopyridine ligands · Bipyridine linkers · Ferrocene dicarboxylate linkers
2 · Introduction · Figure 1
Composite electrodes combining bimetallic MOFs with layered double hydroxides, carbon cloth, carbon nanomaterials or conducting polymers.
Conduction: Hybrids combine intrinsic bimetallic charge transfer with external conductive pathways and shorter ion diffusion paths.
Representative materials: ZnCo-MOF@NiCo-layered double hydroxide · NiMoO4@Ni0.5Co-MOF/carbon cloth · NiCo-MOF/MWCNT
Nodes / linkers: Zn/Co · Ni/Co · Ni/Mo · 2-methylimidazole-derived carbon matrix · MOF-derived carbon or conductive supports
15 · 4.1 | Bimetallic Conductive MOF and Hybrid Nanostructures · Figure 8
2D nanosheets and 3D frameworks designed to balance electronic and ionic transport.
Conduction: 2D forms favour rapid in-plane charge transfer; 3D forms provide interconnected pore networks for more uniform current distribution and ion transport.
Representative materials: NiMn-terephthalic acid nanosheets · EDTA-based NiCo-MOF nanospheres · Zn-doped Ni-MOF
Nodes / linkers: Ni/Mn · Ni/Co · Zn/Ni · p-phthalate · Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid · Terephthalic acid
10 · 3.3 | Dimensional Control · Figure 6
Co-MOFs incorporating ferrocene dicarboxylate and bipyridyl linkers as redox-active components.
Conduction: Mixed-valence Fe species and Co2+ centres create closely spaced energy levels that support thermally activated hopping.
Representative materials: Ferrocene-based inclined polycatenated Co-MOF · Co-MOF with FcDCA
Nodes / linkers: Co · Fe in ferrocene · 1,1'-ferrocene dicarboxylic acid · 4,4'-bipyridyl
8 · 2.3 | Hopping Charge Transport
NaCo-MOF with azopyridine pillars and Co(II) nodes, discussed as a through-space charge-transport example.
Conduction: Extended pi-conjugated azopyridine ligands provide a continuous pathway through pi-pi stacking even without direct covalent Co-Co bonding.
Representative materials: NaCo-MOF
Nodes / linkers: Na · Co · 4,4'-azopyridine · Thiophenedicarboxylate
7 · 2.1 | Through-Space Charge Transport
Ni-Co MOF electrodes exploiting inexpensive redox-active Ni and Co centres and conductive organic linkers.
Conduction: The review interprets Ni-Co synergy as improved redox chemistry, charge-transfer resistance, electron delocalisation, and ion diffusion.
Representative materials: NiCo-MOF · NiCo-MOF-31 · Co2.75Ni1-MOF · Ni0.5Co-MOF/CC
Nodes / linkers: Ni · Co · 4,4'-bipyridine · L-malic acid · p-benzenedicarboxylic acid · Salicylate
15 · 4.2 | Nickel Cobalt Conductive Organic Frameworks · Figure 8
Review-level synthesis principles remain separate from primary-study recipes.
Construct mixed-metal carboxylate MOFs using predefined inorganic or organic building units.
Claimed effects: Provides compositional and structural control over mixed-metal active sites.
Controlling variables: Metal-carboxylate building units · Node connectivity · Linker geometry
Representative materials: Mixed-metal carboxylate MOFs
Caveat: The review treats this as a conceptual synthesis route rather than as a performance guarantee.
4 · Introduction · Figure 3d
Use ball milling and vapour exposure to form solid-solution or heterogeneous bimetallic MOF phases.
Claimed effects: Offers a route to mixed-metal frameworks without conventional solution synthesis.
Controlling variables: Milling conditions · Vapour exposure · Parent framework compatibility
Representative materials: Al/Ga naphthalenedicarboxylate solid solution
Caveat: Performance implications for supercapacitors are not deeply developed in the review.
4 · Introduction · Figure 3e
Partially substitute a parent MOF metal with a larger or electronically complementary metal to change spacing, structural stability and charge-transfer behaviour.
Claimed effects: Can widen ion diffusion pathways, improve mechanical stability and reduce charge-transfer resistance.
Controlling variables: Dopant identity · Substitution level · Layer spacing · Hierarchical morphology
Representative materials: Zn-doped Ni-MOF
Caveat: Review interpretation should be followed up in the original study for detailed doping levels and structural proof.
14 · 4.1 | Bimetallic Conductive MOF and Hybrid Nanostructures · Figure 6c
Form bimetallic MOFs directly from mixed metal and ligand precursors in one synthetic step.
Claimed effects: Can generate mixed-metal architectures such as Co/Zn imidazolate frameworks for subsequent conductive or composite electrode designs.
Controlling variables: Metal ratio · Ligand choice · Precipitation conditions
Representative materials: CoxZn1-x(2-methylimidazole)2
Caveat: The review does not extract full recipe conditions; use primary papers for synthesis details.
4 · Introduction · Figure 3b
Introduce a second metal into a preformed framework by postsynthetic exchange, allowing bimetallic composition without rebuilding the full framework.
Claimed effects: Provides a route to tailor bimetallic architecture and charge transport pathways after initial framework formation.
Controlling variables: Preformed host framework · Incoming metal identity · Exchange conditions
Representative materials: Mn(II)-exchanged ZIF-71
Caveat: Review presents this at strategy level from Figure 3, not as an optimised supercapacitor recipe.
4 · Introduction · Figure 3a
Use slow diffusion at mild conditions to grow heterometallic single-crystal or crystalline MOF architectures.
Claimed effects: Supports well-defined topology and through-space pi-stacking pathways in examples such as NaCo-MOF.
Controlling variables: Diffusion rate · Solvent interface · Metal/linker stoichiometry
Representative materials: NaCo-MOF
Caveat: Scale-up and reproducibility remain separate practical challenges.
4 · Introduction · Figure 3c
Use a template-directed approach to control heterogeneous phase preparation in bimetallic MOF-74 structures.
Claimed effects: Supports ordered heterogeneity and metal-pair control in bimetallic frameworks.
Controlling variables: Template identity · Metal sequence · Framework topology
Representative materials: Bimetallic MOF-74
Caveat: Included as synthesis strategy context rather than a selected benchmark.
4 · Introduction · Figure 3f
These are the review authors’ synthesis, not newly measured results.
Bimetallic conductive MOFs are interpreted as using two principal synergistic electronic pathways: bridged pi-d conjugation and mixed-valence hopping.
Evidence basis: multi_reference
Caveat: The review's two-pathway framing is a synthesis of cited studies; individual materials may express one pathway more strongly than the other.
2 · Introduction
Composite architectures are proposed as a route to mitigate pristine bimetallic MOF limits by adding conductivity, mechanical reinforcement, anti-restacking behaviour and faster ion diffusion.
Evidence basis: review_reasoning
Caveat: Composite benefits are generalised; primary studies are needed to separate intrinsic MOF transport from support effects.
17 · 5 | Conclusions and Prospects
The review frames dimensionality as a trade-off: 2D nanosheets can favour high-power in-plane transport, while 3D frameworks may better balance stability and multidirectional ion/electron transport.
Evidence basis: review_reasoning
Caveat: This is a useful conceptual distinction but performance also depends on composition, mass loading, electrolyte and morphology.
11 · 3.3 | Dimensional Control · Figure 6
Mixed-valence bimetallic nodes can support thermally activated hopping, and ferromagnetic spin alignment can lower the hopping barrier through a double-exchange mechanism.
Evidence basis: multi_reference
Caveat: The review discusses general double-exchange physics and specific MOF examples; not all bimetallic MOFs will meet magnetic alignment requirements.
8 · 2.3 | Hopping Charge Transport
The review distinguishes intrinsic electronic conduction from ionic transport, while acknowledging that ion diffusion through porous electrodes affects supercapacitor charge rates.
Evidence basis: review_reasoning
Caveat: Ionic transport is addressed briefly and should not be conflated with intrinsic electronic conductivity.
5 · 2 | Conducting Mechanism
Most MOFs have low electrical conductivity that limits charge-transport kinetics, active-site utilisation, rate capability and cycling stability in supercapacitors.
Evidence basis: multi_reference
Caveat: General review statement; specific conductivities must be checked in primary papers.
2 · Introduction
NaCo-MOF is presented as a heterometallic example where extended azopyridine pi systems enable electron delocalisation and good rate/cycle stability without direct covalent Co-Co bonding.
Evidence basis: single_reference
Caveat: Secondary description of one cited primary study.
7 · 2.1 | Through-Space Charge Transport
Ni-Co bimetallic MOFs are emphasised as a representative family where dual redox centres, crystalline channels and conjugated linkers jointly improve pseudocapacitive performance.
Evidence basis: multi_reference
Caveat: The review also notes an imbalance toward CoNi-MOFs, so this family should not be treated as exhaustive of bimetallic MOF design space.
15 · 4.2 | Nickel Cobalt Conductive Organic Frameworks · Figure 8
Enhancing pi-electron interactions via conjugated ligands and complementary metal pairs is treated as a primary strategy to improve electrical conductivity in bimetallic conductive MOFs.
Evidence basis: multi_reference
Caveat: The review gives design logic rather than a universally predictive model.
9 · 3.1 | Enhancing pi-Electron Interactions
The review positions itself against prior broad MOF reviews by focusing on how two distinct metal centres dictate the dominant conduction pathway and electrochemical behaviour.
Evidence basis: review_reasoning
Caveat: Self-positioning claim by the review authors.
4 · Introduction
The review explicitly warns that Table 1 capacitance values should be interpreted within each experiment's conditions rather than ranked absolutely.
Evidence basis: review_reasoning
Caveat: Critical for using the review in Chapter 1: values are secondary, condition-dependent benchmarks only.
12 · 4 | Applications · Table 1
Through-bond conduction requires spatial and energetic alignment between heterometallic d orbitals and conjugated ligand orbitals, producing mixed metal-ligand delocalised states.
Evidence basis: multi_reference
Caveat: The review relies on frontier-orbital reasoning and cited DFT/structural evidence; primary data should be used for exact orbital claims.
7 · 2.2 | Through-Bond Charge Transport · Figure 5b,f,j
Through-space transport is highly sensitive to pi-pi stacking geometry; shorter, more uniform stacks support stronger orbital overlap and higher conductivity.
Evidence basis: multi_reference
Caveat: The detailed example is from Tl(TCNQ), used as an analogue for MOF through-space transport rather than a bimetallic supercapacitor benchmark.
6 · 2.1 | Through-Space Charge Transport · Figure 5
Every row remains visibly secondary and links to a primary dossier only where the mapping is verified.
| Material | Property | Reported value | Context and quality | Primary evidence | Review source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SecondaryCo2.75Ni1-MOF | Specific capacitance | 699 F g-1 at 0.5 A g-1 | 3.0 M KOH; 0.5 A g-1 Table · Exact Reported | No verified corpus mapping | 16 · 4.2 | Nickel Cobalt Conductive Organic Frameworks · Table 1 |
| SecondaryCoNi (Co:Ni = 2:3) on carbon fiber paper | Specific capacitance | 2033 F g-1 at 1 A g-1 | Carbon fiber paper electrode; 1 A g-1 Text · Exact Reported | No verified corpus mapping | 8 · 2.2 | Through-Bond Charge Transport |
| SecondaryEDTA-based NiCo-MOF nanospheres | Specific capacity | 474.56 C g-1 | Battery-supercapacitor hybrid context; review text does not state current density for this value Text · Exact Reported | No verified corpus mapping | 11 · 3.3 | Dimensional Control |
| SecondaryEDTA-based NiCo-MOF nanospheres | Cycling stability | 93.2% capacity retention after 10,000 cycles | After 10,000 cycles; review text Text · Exact Reported | No verified corpus mapping | 11 · 3.3 | Dimensional Control |
| SecondaryNaCo-MOF | Specific capacitance | 321.8 F g-1 at 4 A g-1 | 0.5 M Na2SO4; 4 A g-1 Table · Exact Reported | No verified corpus mapping | 13 · 4 | Applications · Table 1 |
| SecondaryNiCo-MOF | Specific capacitance | 1333 F g-1 at 2 A g-1 | 1 M KOH; three-electrode GCD; 2 A g-1 Table · Exact Reported | No verified corpus mapping | 13 · 4 | Applications · Table 1 |
| SecondaryNiCo-MOF-31 | Specific capacitance | 1697.4 F g-1 at 1 A g-1 | 3 M KOH; current density 1 A g-1 Text · Exact Reported | No verified corpus mapping | 17 · 4.2 | Nickel Cobalt Conductive Organic Frameworks · Table 1 |
| SecondaryZIF-67@Ni salicylate | Specific capacitance | 1493 F g-1 at 1 A g-1 | 6 M KOH; three-electrode GCD; 1 A g-1 Table · Exact Reported | No verified corpus mapping | 16 · 4.2 | Nickel Cobalt Conductive Organic Frameworks · Figure 8h,i |
| SecondaryZn-doped Ni-MOF | Specific capacitance | 1620 F g-1 at 0.25 A g-1 | 6 M KOH; 0.25 A g-1 Table · Exact Reported | No verified corpus mapping | 14 · 4.1 | Bimetallic Conductive MOF and Hybrid Nanostructures · Table 1; Figure 6c |
| SecondaryZnCo-MOF@NiCo-layered double hydroxide | Specific capacitance | 1611 F g-1 at 2 A g-1 | 1 M KOH; 2 A g-1 Table · Exact Reported | No verified corpus mapping | 15 · 4.1 | Bimetallic Conductive MOF and Hybrid Nanostructures · Figure 8e,f; Table 1 |
| SecondaryZnCo-MOF@NiCo-layered double hydroxide all-solid-state asymmetric device | Energy density | 44.5 Wh kg-1 | All-solid-state asymmetric supercapacitor; paired with polyaniline-activated carbon according to Figure 8 caption Text · Exact Reported | No verified corpus mapping | 15 · 4.1 | Bimetallic Conductive MOF and Hybrid Nanostructures · Figure 8e,f |
Open questions are presented as review-author priorities, not conclusions from the primary database.
The review notes that amorphous active substances may deliver higher capacitance than crystalline forms, but fabricating amorphous conductive MOFs remains challenging.
Proposed direction: Investigate controlled amorphisation or amorphous conductive MOF synthesis while preserving transport pathways and structural stability.
17 · 4.2 | Nickel Cobalt Conductive Organic Frameworks
Expensive conductive linkers such as tetrathiafulvalene and triphenylene derivatives restrict preparation and practical deployment.
Proposed direction: Prioritise low-cost, environmentally benign, readily available linkers that preserve extended pi-conjugation and redox activity.
17 · 5 | Conclusions and Prospects
Deeper understanding of charge storage and ion/electron transport dynamics is still needed at atomic and molecular scales.
Proposed direction: Combine in situ/operando synchrotron XRD, XAS, electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance and multiscale simulations.
17 · 5 | Conclusions and Prospects
Pristine bimetallic conductive MOFs can suffer from insufficient conductivity, volume changes and nanosheet restacking in practical electrodes.
Proposed direction: Strategically integrate MOFs with carbon nanomaterials, conducting polymers or other functional components.
17 · 5 | Conclusions and Prospects
Specific capacitance and stability values are difficult to compare directly because current density, mass loading, electrolyte and electrode configuration vary across studies.
Proposed direction: Use standardised testing protocols and report operating conditions transparently when comparing supercapacitor performance.
12 · 4 | Applications · Table 1
Limited stability, especially in aqueous electrolytes, can cause structural degradation during repeated cycling.
Proposed direction: Develop robust coordination bonds, hydrophobic functional groups and protective surface layers to mitigate hydrolysis.
17 · 5 | Conclusions and Prospects
The field is imbalanced toward certain systems, especially CoNi-MOFs, leaving other bimetallic combinations less explored.
Proposed direction: Broaden metal-pair exploration beyond Ni-Co while retaining mechanistic analysis of orbital alignment, redox couples and dimensionality.
5 · Introduction
Mappings show which printed review references have a verified counterpart in the frozen primary corpus.
| Reference | Study | Role and context | Corpus mapping |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ref. 172024 | A pi-d Conjugated Metal-organic Framework Decorated on a MXene-Carbon Nanofiber as a Self-Standing Electrode for Flexible Supercapacitors10.1039/d4ta06232a | pi_d_conjugation · flexible_supercapacitorCited in the review introduction as part of recent advances enabling bimetallic conductive MOFs. | Unmapped |
| Ref. 192019 | A Dual Metal Organic Framework Based on Copper-Iron Clusters Integrated Sulphur Doped Graphene as a Porous Material for Supercapacitor with Remarkable Performance Characteristics10.1016/j.jcis.2019.06.031 | Fe_Cu · supercapacitor · mixed_valenceUsed by the review to discuss Fe-Cu electronegativity differences, internal fields and charge-transfer pathways. | Unmapped |
| Ref. 202020 | Mixed-Ligand Architected Unique Topological Heterometallic Sodium/Cobalt-Based Metal-Organic Framework for High-Performance Supercapacitors10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b02762 | through_space · benchmark · slow_diffusionSupports the NaCo-MOF through-space transport example and associated capacitance/cycling values. | Unmapped |
| Ref. 232016 | Application of Ni/Co-Based Metal-organic Frameworks (MOFs) as an Advanced Electrode Material for Supercapacitors10.1039/c6nj01449f | NiCo · supercapacitor · benchmarkCited as an early Ni/Co MOF supercapacitor example and in the design discussion of heterometallic nodes. | Unmapped |
| Ref. 242017 | Design and Construction of a Ferrocene Based Inclined Polycatenated Co-MOF for Supercapacitor and Dye Adsorption Applications10.1039/c7ta03773b | hopping · ferrocene · supercapacitorUsed as the review's Fe/Co redox-active hopping example. | Unmapped |
| Ref. 482021 | Nickel Cobalt Bimetallic Metal-Organic Frameworks with a Layer-and-Channel Structure for High-Performance Supercapacitors10.1016/j.est.2020.102149 | NiCo · benchmark · layer_channelSupports the NiCo-MOF layer/channel structure benchmark and mechanistic explanation of Ni-Co synergy. | Unmapped |
| Ref. 492023 | Self-Assembled Cobalt-Nickel Bimetallic-Organic Framework Materials with High Supercapacitor Performance10.1021/acs.cgd.2c01167 | CoNi · benchmark · morphologyUsed to compare bimetallic Co-Ni MOFs with monometallic analogues and to discuss reduced charge-transfer resistance. | Unmapped |
| Ref. 522019 | Diverse pi-pi Stacking Motifs Modulate Electrical Conductivity in Tetrathiafulvalene-Based Metal-organic Frameworks10.1039/c9sc03348c | through_space · pi_stackingCited for the claim that pi-pi stacking motifs modulate through-space conductivity. | research_0048 |
| Ref. 572013 | Conducting Organic Frameworks Based on a Main-Group Metal and Organocyanide Radicals10.1002/chem.201203422 | through_space · organic_framework_analogueCited for the through-space transport example comparing Tl(TCNQ) polymorphs. | Unmapped |
| Ref. 582011 | Dramatically Different Conductivity Properties of Metal-Organic Framework Polymorphs of Tl(TCNQ): An Unexpected Room-Temperature Crystal-to-Crystal Phase Transition10.1002/anie.201100372 | through_space · polymorph_conductivityCited for the contrasting Phase I/Phase II conductivity and pi-stacking interpretation. | Unmapped |
| Ref. 592009 | Synthesis and Characterization of Ruthenium and Iron-Ruthenium Prussian Blue Analogues10.1021/cm900230p | through_bond · metal_ligand_transportCited in the review's through-bond conduction subsection. | Unmapped |
| Ref. 642025 | Synergism Induced Multifunctional Electroactivity of Co-Ni Bimetallic Metal-Organic Frameworks towards Oxygen Evolution Reaction and Supercapacitors10.1016/j.inoche.2025.114445 | through_bond · CoNi · benchmarkUsed to validate through-bond orbital alignment and provide high capacitance and low charge-transfer resistance examples. | Unmapped |
| Ref. 652023 | Electrochemical in-Situ Generation of Ni-Mn MOF Nanomaterials as Anode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries10.1016/j.jallcom.2023.168926 | dimensionality · 2D_MOFUsed by the review to discuss 2D NiMn-terephthalic acid nanosheet architectures and in-plane pi-d transport. | Unmapped |
| Ref. 682025 | Synergistic Integration of NiMoO4 and Bimetallic Metal-organic Framework via Sequential Deposition: A Novel Approach for High-Performance Supercapacitor Electrodes10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.182585 | hybrid · benchmark · NiMoO4Cited in Table 1 and Figure 8 for a recent bimetallic MOF hybrid supercapacitor electrode. | Unmapped |
| Ref. 692015 | Electronic Conductivity, Ferrimagnetic Ordering, and Reductive Insertion Mediated by Organic Mixed-Valence in a Ferric Semiquinoid Metal-Organic Framework10.1021/jacs.5b10385 | mixed_valence · hoppingCited for mixed-valence and hopping-site design logic in bimetallic conductive MOFs. | research_0186 |
| Ref. 802014 | Zn-Doped Ni-MOF Material with a High Supercapacitive Performance10.1039/c4ta04346d | Zn_doping · benchmark · dimensionalityUsed for Zn-doped Ni-MOF benchmark and the review's interpretation of expanded interlayer spacing and OH- ion transport. | Unmapped |
| Ref. 902024 | Exploring the Potency of EDTA-Based Ni-Co-MOF Nanospheres for Highly Durable Battery-Supercapacitor Hybrids10.1016/j.electacta.2024.143970 | 3D_framework · benchmark · battery_supercapacitor_hybridSupports the review's claim that 3D porous NiCo-MOF nanospheres can provide balanced ion/electron transport and cycling stability. | Unmapped |
| Ref. 952023 | Optimized Fabrication of Bimetallic ZnCo Metal-Organic Framework at NiCo-Layered Double Hydroxides for Multiple Storage and Capability Synergy All-Solid-State Supercapacitors10.1021/acsami.3c00087 | hybrid · benchmark · all_solid_stateSupports review discussion of bimetallic MOF/LDH hybrid architecture, high capacitance, device energy density and composite conductivity. | Unmapped |
| Ref. 1042023 | A Flower-Like Co/Ni Bimetallic Metal-Organic Framework Based Electrode Material with Superior Performance in Supercapacitors10.1016/j.jallcom.2022.167354 | CoNi · benchmark · flower_likeSupports the ZIF-67@Ni salicylate/BM-48 capacitance and rate benchmark. | Unmapped |
| Ref. 1052023 | Ultrathin Ni-Co Bimetallic Metal-Organic Framework Nanobelts for High-Performance Energy Storage10.1021/acsanm.3c02859 | NiCo · benchmark · nanobeltUsed for the NiCo-MOF-31 benchmark and monometallic comparison. | Unmapped |