Primary studyCore evidenceTransport Physics

Construction of sulfur vacancies enriched hollow zinc cobalt bimetallic sulfides for high-performance supercapacitors

Qian X., Yin Y., Lu Y. et al. · Journal of Alloys and Compounds · 2022 · 165191

6materials
12samples
6synthesis routes
17measurements
58results
5claims and caveats

Evidence map

Open a family to keep every result attached to its sample, method and conditions.

Author interpretations and caveats

Paraphrased for this database from the authors’ stated interpretations — never quoted verbatim — and kept separate from reported measurements.

Application RelevanceSupport assessment: High

The Zn0.3Co2.7S4//AC aqueous HSC demonstrates practical energy-storage potential through 15.58 W h kg-1 energy density and 71.2% retention after 5000 cycles.

Caveat: Device fabrication details for the AC electrode and full cell hardware are incomplete in the main text.

p007 · 4. Conclusions · Fig. 4g,h · Linked to 4 structured results

Structure Property LinkSupport assessment: High

The combination of Zn incorporation, hollow dodecahedral morphology and sulphur vacancies improves Zn0.3Co2.7S4 specific capacity, rate capability and cycling stability relative to Co3S4 and other Zn:Co ratios.

Caveat: Electrode data are from composite electrodes on nickel foam, so intrinsic material-only transport is not isolated.

p007 · 3.2. Electrochemical measurements · Linked to 6 structured results

Synthesis MechanismSupport assessment: Medium

The dodecahedral ZnxCo3-x-MOF precursor/template induces formation of hollow ZnxCo3-xS4 nanostructures during solvothermal vulcanisation.

Caveat: The supplied SI text contains only captions for the supplementary morphology images of Co-MOF, Zn0.3Co2.7-MOF and Co3S4 SEM, so the full precursor-to-product morphology sequence cannot be independently checked from local SI renders.

p003 · 3.1. Morphological and structural characterizations · Scheme 1; Fig. 1 · Linked to 3 structured results

Transport MechanismSupport assessment: Medium

Zn0.3Co2.7S4 charge storage is interpreted as predominantly diffusion-controlled/battery-type because anodic and cathodic b-values are near 0.5.

Caveat: The underlying linear correlation in Fig. S11 is not available in the supplied SI text layer; Fig. 3g/h and main text provide the reported values.

p006 · 3.2. Electrochemical measurements · Fig. 3g,h; Fig. S11 · Linked to 3 structured results

Transport MechanismSupport assessment: Medium

Sulphur vacancies in Zn0.3Co2.7S4 are claimed to enhance intrinsic electronic conductivity and charge-transfer kinetics.

Caveat: No direct four-probe or two-probe electrical conductivity value is reported; the conductivity inference is based mainly on EIS and electrochemical behaviour.

p005 · 3.2. Electrochemical measurements · Fig. 3f · Linked to 6 structured results

Material identities

Names and aliases are kept exactly within the paper’s own identity model.

MaterialCompositionStructure contextSource
activated carbonACunknown · UnknownCommercial/unspecified activated carbon negative electrode material.p002 · 2.4. Electrochemical measurements
Co3S4Co3S4Co in cobalt sulphide lattice0D · DerivedMOF-derived hollow dodecahedron cobalt sulphide control.p002 · 2.2. Synthesis of ZnxCo3-xS4
Co-MOFCo-MOFCo2+ centres from cobalt nitrate hexahydrate · 2-methylimidazolate from 2-methylimidazole3D · PristineRegular dodecahedron MOF precursor/control; used to prepare Co3S4 control.p002 · 2.1. Synthesis of ZnxCo3-x-MOF
Zn0.3Co2.7S4//AC hybrid supercapacitorZn0.3Co2.7S4//ACZn and Co in positive sulphide electrode; activated carbon negative electrodeunknown · CompositeAsymmetric aqueous hybrid supercapacitor device using Zn0.3Co2.7S4 positive electrode and activated carbon negative electrode.p006 · 3.2. Electrochemical measurements · Fig. 4a
ZnxCo3-x-MOFZnxCo3-x-MOF, x = 0, 0.15, 0.3 and 0.45Zn2+ and Co2+ centres from zinc nitrate hexahydrate and cobalt nitrate hexahydrate; Zn partially substitutes Co sites · 2-methylimidazolate from 2-methylimidazole3D · PristineDodecahedral bimetallic MOF precursor/template; XRD peaks reported identical with Co-MOF in Fig. S5a.p002 · 2.1. Synthesis of ZnxCo3-x-MOF
hollow ZnxCo3-xS4ZnxCo3-xS4, including Zn0.15Co2.85S4, Zn0.3Co2.7S4 and Zn0.45Co2.55S4Zn and Co in bimetallic sulphide lattice0D · DerivedMOF-derived hollow dodecahedral bimetallic sulphide nanostructure with sulphur vacancies and ultrathin nanosheets.p002 · Introduction

Sample register

Sample form, processing state and composition status define the context for measurements.

Show 12 sample records
SampleForm and roleProcessing and geometrySource
activated carbon negative electroderesearch_0172__mat__mat_acElectrode · Composite Component · CompositeNegative electrode for HSC; detailed AC recipe not provided in main text.not specifiedp006 · 3.2. Electrochemical measurements · Fig. 4b
Co3S4research_0172__mat__mat_co3s4Powder · Pristine Control · UnknownCo-MOF-derived sulphide after same vulcanisation procedure.hollow shell about 20-40 nm; average particle size about 800 nmp003 · 3.1. Morphological and structural characterizations · Fig. 1a,b
Co3S4 working electrode on nickel foamresearch_0172__mat__mat_co3s4Electrode · Pristine Control · CompositeCo3S4 active material electrode prepared with acetylene black and PTFE binder analogously to ZnxCo3-xS4 electrodes.1 x 2 cm precleaned nickel foamp005 · 3.2. Electrochemical measurements · Fig. 3
Co-MOFresearch_0172__mat__mat_comofPowder · Pristine Control · Pristine FrameworkPrepared under similar coprecipitation conditions without Zn(NO3)2.6H2O.p002 · 2.1. Synthesis of ZnxCo3-x-MOF
Zn0.3Co2.7S4//AC aqueous hybrid supercapacitorresearch_0172__mat__mat_hscElectrode · Composite Sample · CompositeAssembled with Zn0.3Co2.7S4 positive electrode and activated carbon negative electrode in 3 M KOH electrolyte.p002 · 2.4. Electrochemical measurements
Zn0.15Co2.85S4research_0172__mat__mat_zcx_s4Powder · Target Sample · Mixed MetalMOF-derived sulphide after solvothermal vulcanisation with thioacetamide.p005 · 3.2. Electrochemical measurements · Fig. 3a,d,e,f
Zn0.15Co2.85S4 working electrode on nickel foamresearch_0172__mat__mat_zcx_s4Electrode · Target Sample · CompositeZn0.15Co2.85S4 active material electrode prepared with acetylene black and PTFE binder.1 x 2 cm precleaned nickel foamp005 · 3.2. Electrochemical measurements · Fig. 3d,e,f
Zn0.3Co2.7S4research_0172__mat__mat_zcx_s4Powder · Target Sample · Mixed MetalMOF-derived hollow sulphide after solvothermal vulcanisation with thioacetamide.hollow shell about 20-40 nmp003 · 3.1. Morphological and structural characterizations · Fig. 1c-g
Zn0.3Co2.7S4 working electrode on nickel foamresearch_0172__mat__mat_zcx_s4Electrode · Target Sample · CompositeZn0.3Co2.7S4, acetylene black and PTFE binder mixed 80:10:10 wt%, coated on nickel foam, dried at 60 deg C overnight and pressed under 10 MPa.1 x 2 cm precleaned nickel foamp002 · 2.4. Electrochemical measurements
Zn0.45Co2.55S4research_0172__mat__mat_zcx_s4Powder · Target Sample · Mixed MetalMOF-derived sulphide after solvothermal vulcanisation with thioacetamide.p005 · 3.2. Electrochemical measurements · Fig. 3a,d,e,f
Zn0.45Co2.55S4 working electrode on nickel foamresearch_0172__mat__mat_zcx_s4Electrode · Target Sample · CompositeZn0.45Co2.55S4 active material electrode prepared with acetylene black and PTFE binder.1 x 2 cm precleaned nickel foamp005 · 3.2. Electrochemical measurements · Fig. 3d,e,f
ZnxCo3-x-MOF series (x = 0.15, 0.3, 0.45)research_0172__mat__mat_zcx_mofPowder · Target Sample · Mixed MetalDried overnight in vacuum at 60 deg C after coprecipitation and washing.p002 · 2.1. Synthesis of ZnxCo3-x-MOF