Synthesis · CoP nanoparticles embedded in P and N co-doped carbon as efficient bifunctional electrocatalyst for water splitting

5 structured synthesis routes

Completeness describes how fully the route could be reconstructed from the main article and supporting information.

Vague recipeSource: Main

Route 1: Unknown

p002 / article p.1224 · Experimental · Scheme 1; Section 2.1

Metal precursorsCo source shown as Co(NO3)2 in Scheme 1

Linker precursorsN-containing methylimidazole-like ligand shown in Scheme 1

Show 2 structured reagent records

Role	Reagent	Amount / concentration	Source
Metal Source	Co(NO3)2	Not specified	p002 / article p.1224 · Experimental · Scheme 1; Section 2.1
Linker	methylimidazole-like N-containing ligand depicted in Scheme 1	Not specified	p002 / article p.1224 · Experimental · Scheme 1; Section 2.1

Vague recipeSource: Main

Route 2: Other

p002 / article p.1224 · Synthesis of catalysts · Section 2.1

Metal precursorsCo-MOF precursor

Linker precursorsorganic ligands in Co-MOF precursor

Show 1 structured reagent record

Role	Reagent	Amount / concentration	Source
Other	Co-MOFs	Not specified	p002 / article p.1224 · Synthesis of catalysts · Section 2.1

Complete recipeSource: Main

Route 3: Other

p002 / article p.1224 · Synthesis of catalysts · Section 2.1

Metal precursorsas-synthesised Co-MOFs (20 mg)

Linker precursorsorganic ligands in Co-MOF precursor

AdditivesNaH2PO2 (150 mg) as phosphorus source

AtmosphereN2

Temperature300

Time2

Substrate orientationCo-MOFs and NaH2PO2 placed at two sides of porcelain boat; NaH2PO2 upstream

Oxidant / reductantNaH2PO2 phosphidation reagent

Work-upwashed with ethanol and deionized water

Activationdried at 60 C overnight after washing

Show 4 structured reagent records

Role	Reagent	Amount / concentration	Source
Other	as-synthesized Co-MOFs	20 mg	p002 / article p.1224 · Synthesis of catalysts · Section 2.1
Other	NaH2PO2	150 mg	p002 / article p.1224 · Synthesis of catalysts · Section 2.1
Solvent	ethanol	washing solvent	p002 / article p.1224 · Synthesis of catalysts · Section 2.1
Solvent	deionized water	washing solvent	p002 / article p.1224 · Synthesis of catalysts · Section 2.1

Complete recipeSource: Main

Route 4: Drop Cast

p003 / article p.1225 · Electrochemical measurements · Section 2.3

Metal precursorsCoP@PNC catalyst powder (5 mg)

Solventsethanol (480 uL), ultrapure water (500 uL)

AdditivesNafion solution (5 wt%, 20 uL); optional 10 wt% carbon black for CoP@PNC/C and CoP/C

Atmosphereroom temperature drying in air not otherwise specified

Time>=1 h ultrasonication

Substrate orientation3 mm diameter glassy carbon electrode

Work-up5 uL catalyst ink loaded on GCE and dried at room temperature

Scalability contextCatalyst loading typically 0.35 mg cm-2 for three-electrode HER/OER tests.

Show 5 structured reagent records

Role	Reagent	Amount / concentration	Source
Other	CoP@PNC	5 mg	p003 / article p.1225 · Electrochemical measurements · Section 2.3
Additive	Nafion solution	20 uL · 5 wt%	p003 / article p.1225 · Electrochemical measurements · Section 2.3
Solvent	ethanol	480 uL	p003 / article p.1225 · Electrochemical measurements · Section 2.3
Solvent	ultrapure water	500 uL	p003 / article p.1225 · Electrochemical measurements · Section 2.3
Additive	black carbon	additional 10%	p003 / article p.1225 · Electrochemical measurements · Section 2.3

Partial recipeSource: Main

Route 5: Drop Cast

p003 / article p.1225 · Electrochemical measurements · Section 2.3

Metal precursorsCoP@PNC catalyst ink

AdditivesNafion-containing catalyst ink, details as GCE ink unless otherwise specified

Substrate orientation0.5 x 0.5 cm nickel foam electrodes used as both anode and cathode

Scalability contextHigh catalyst loading mass 2 mg cm-2 for overall water splitting.

Show 2 structured reagent records

Role	Reagent	Amount / concentration	Source
Other	CoP@PNC catalyst	2 mg cm-2 loading	p003 / article p.1225 · Electrochemical measurements · Section 2.3
Other	nickel foam	0.5 x 0.5 cm	p003 / article p.1225 · Electrochemical measurements · Section 2.3