Electrochemistry Application — Sulfur vacancies enriched Nickel-Cobalt sulfides hollow spheres with high performance for All-Solid-State hybrid supercapacitor

6 measurement groups · 33 results

Reported values remain attached to the sample, method, conditions, extraction quality and source location that produced them.

Two-electrode CV and GCD

Voltammetry Galvanostatic cycling

r-NiCo2S4-6 HSs // N/S-AC device · Electrode

All-solid-state hybrid device tested over 0-1.6 V at various scan rates and current densities.

Geometry: r-NiCo2S4-6 HSs positive electrode // N/S-AC negative electrode, PVA-KOH gel electrolyte
Context: Composite all-solid-state device.
Measurement source: main p.8 · 3. Results and discussion · Fig. 7b-d

Property	Reported value	Normalised value	Uncertainty	Origin and quality	Source
Device specific capacity at 15 A g-1	98.65 C g-1 at 15 A g-1	—	—	Text Exact Reported	main p.8 · 3. Results and discussion · Fig. 7d
Device specific capacity at 1 A g-1Marked as a best value within this paper	228.42 C g-1 at 1 A g-1	—	—	Text Exact Reported	main p.8 · 3. Results and discussion · Fig. 7d
Device positive-to-negative active mass ratio	m+ / m- = 0.4973	—	—	Text Exact Reported	main p.8 · 3. Results and discussion · Fig. S14
Hybrid device voltage windowMarked as a best value within this paper	0-1.6 V	—	—	Text Exact Reported	main p.8 · 3. Results and discussion · Fig. S15; Fig. 7b

Device cycling and bending stability

r-NiCo2S4-6 HSs // N/S-AC device · Electrode

Cycling at 5 A g-1 for 5000 cycles; bending tests at 60, 90 and 120 degrees at 20 mV s-1 with 500-cycle retention checks.

Geometry: Flexible all-solid-state device
Context: Composite all-solid-state device.
Measurement source: main p.9 · 3. Results and discussion · Fig. 7f-h

Property	Reported value	Normalised value	Uncertainty	Origin and quality	Source
Capacity retention after bending at 120 degrees	96.34% after 500 cycles	—	—	Text Exact Reported	main p.9 · 3. Results and discussion · Fig. 7g,h
Capacity retention after bending at 60 degreesMarked as a best value within this paper	97.69% after 500 cycles	—	—	Text Exact Reported	main p.9 · 3. Results and discussion · Fig. 7g,h
Capacity retention after bending at 90 degrees	97.20% after 500 cycles	—	—	Text Exact Reported	main p.9 · 3. Results and discussion · Fig. 7g,h
Device capacity retention after 5000 cyclesMarked as a best value within this paper	91.3% after 5000 cycles at 5 A g-1	—	—	Text Exact Reported	main p.9 · 3. Results and discussion · Fig. 7f

Ragone energy/power analysis

r-NiCo2S4-6 HSs // N/S-AC device · Electrode

Energy and power density based on overall mass of active materials in both electrodes.

Geometry: All-solid-state hybrid supercapacitor
Context: Composite all-solid-state device.
Measurement source: main p.8 · 3. Results and discussion · Fig. 7e

Property	Reported value	Normalised value	Uncertainty	Origin and quality	Source
Best device energy densityMarked as a best value within this paper	50.76 Wh kg-1 under 800 W kg-1	—	—	Text Exact Reported	main p.8 · 3. Results and discussion · Fig. 7e
Device energy density at high power	23.97 Wh kg-1 at 13.42 kW kg-1	—	—	Text Exact Reported	main p.8 · 3. Results and discussion · Fig. 7e
Power density at best device energy density	800 W kg-1	—	—	Text Exact Reported	main p.1 · Abstract
High power density paired with retained energy	13.42 kW kg-1	13420 W kg-1	—	Text Exact Reported	main p.8 · 3. Results and discussion · Fig. 7e

Scan-rate-dependent CV kinetic analysis

Voltammetry

r-NiCo2S4-6 HSs working electrode · Electrode

CV scans from 1 to 5 mV s-1 used for peak-current linearity, b-value, and capacitive/diffusion contribution analysis.

Geometry: Three-electrode working electrode in 3 M KOH
Context: Target electrode.
Measurement source: main p.7 · 3. Results and discussion · Fig. 6a-d; Table S3

Property	Reported value	Normalised value	Uncertainty	Origin and quality	Source
Anodic b value	0.69	—	—	Text Exact Reported	main p.7 · 3. Results and discussion · Fig. 6b
Cathodic b value	0.52	—	—	Text Exact Reported	main p.7 · 3. Results and discussion · Fig. 6b
OH- diffusion coefficient for Co redox in NiCo2S4-6 HSs	0.26 x 10-10 cm2 s-1	—	—	SI Table Exact Reported	SI rendered p.22 · Table S3 · Table S3
OH- diffusion coefficient for Ni redox in NiCo2S4-6 HSs	2.09 x 10-10 cm2 s-1	—	—	SI Table Exact Reported	SI rendered p.22 · Table S3 · Table S3
OH- diffusion coefficient for Co redox in r-NiCo2S4-6 HSsMarked as a best value within this paper	0.99 x 10-10 cm2 s-1	—	—	SI Table Exact Reported	SI rendered p.22 · Table S3 · Table S3
OH- diffusion coefficient for Ni redox in r-NiCo2S4-6 HSsMarked as a best value within this paper	7.85 x 10-10 cm2 s-1	—	—	SI Table Exact Reported	SI rendered p.22 · Table S3 · Table S3
Surface-controlled contribution at 1 mV s-1	40.65%	—	—	Text Exact Reported	main p.7 · 3. Results and discussion · Fig. 6c
Surface-controlled contribution at 5 mV s-1Marked as a best value within this paper	45.65%	—	—	Text Exact Reported	main p.7 · 3. Results and discussion · Fig. 6c

Long-term GCD cycling

Galvanostatic cycling

r-NiCo2S4-6 HSs working electrode · Electrode

Cycling at 10 A g-1 for 5000 cycles in three-electrode configuration.

Geometry: Nickel foam working electrode
Context: Target electrode.
Measurement source: main p.7 · 3. Results and discussion · Fig. 6e

Property	Reported value	Normalised value	Uncertainty	Origin and quality	Source
Electrode capacity retention after 5000 cyclesMarked as a best value within this paper	91.40% after 5000 cycles at 10 A g-1	—	—	Text Exact Reported	main p.7 · 3. Results and discussion · Fig. 6e
This-work retention in SI comparison table	91.4% after 5000 cycles at 10 A g-1	—	—	SI Table Exact Reported	SI rendered pp.19-20 · Table 1 · Table 1

CV and galvanostatic charge-discharge in three-electrode configuration

Voltammetry Galvanostatic cycling

r-NiCo2S4-6 HSs working electrode · Electrode

3 M KOH aqueous electrolyte, Pt counter electrode, Hg/HgO reference electrode; CV 0-0.55 V vs Hg/HgO and GCD 1-15 A g-1.

Geometry: Nickel foam working electrode, 1 x 2 cm2; active loading about 2-3 mg cm-2
Context: Target electrode compared with unreduced NiCo2S4-6 HSs electrode.
Measurement source: main p.3 · 2.6. Electrochemical performances measurements · Fig. 5a-e

Property	Reported value	Normalised value	Uncertainty	Origin and quality	Source
Rate capacity retention of NiCo2S4-6 HSs control	22.68%	—	—	Text Exact Reported	main p.5 · 3. Results and discussion · Fig. 5e
Specific capacity of r-NiCo2S4-6 HSs at 10 A g-1	595.5 C g-1	—	—	Text Exact Reported	main p.5 · 3. Results and discussion · Fig. 5e
Specific capacity of r-NiCo2S4-6 HSs at 15 A g-1	522.68 C g-1	—	—	Text Exact Reported	main p.5 · 3. Results and discussion · Fig. 5e
Specific capacity of r-NiCo2S4-6 HSs at 1 A g-1Marked as a best value within this paper	763.5 C g-1 at 1 A g-1	—	—	Text Exact Reported	main p.5 · 3. Results and discussion · Fig. 5e
Specific capacity of r-NiCo2S4-6 HSs at 2 A g-1	729.6 C g-1	—	—	Text Exact Reported	main p.5 · 3. Results and discussion · Fig. 5e
Specific capacity of r-NiCo2S4-6 HSs at 3 A g-1	706.5 C g-1	—	—	Text Exact Reported	main p.5 · 3. Results and discussion · Fig. 5e
Specific capacity of r-NiCo2S4-6 HSs at 5 A g-1	666.75 C g-1	—	—	Text Exact Reported	main p.5 · 3. Results and discussion · Fig. 5e
Specific capacity of r-NiCo2S4-6 HSs at 7 A g-1	641.55 C g-1	—	—	Text Exact Reported	main p.5 · 3. Results and discussion · Fig. 5e
Rate capability of r-NiCo2S4-6 HSs	68.46%	—	—	Text Exact Reported	main p.5 · 3. Results and discussion · Fig. 5e
This-work capacity in SI comparison table	763.5 C g-1 at 1 A g-1	—	—	SI Table Exact Reported	SI rendered pp.19-20 · Table 1 · Table 1
This-work rate capability in SI comparison table	68.46% at 15 A g-1	—	—	SI Table Exact Reported	SI rendered pp.19-20 · Table 1 · Table 1