Computational Modelling — Metallic Metal-Organic Frameworks Predicted by the Combination of Machine Learning Methods and Ab Initio Calculations

Measurement evidence

Computational Modelling

Metallic Metal-Organic Frameworks Predicted by the Combination of Machine Learning Methods and Ab Initio Calculations · He Y., Cubuk E.D., Allendorf M.D. et al. · Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters · 2018 · 4562-4569

13 measurement groups · 137 results

Reported values remain attached to the sample, method, conditions, extraction quality and source location that produced them.

DFT+HSE electronic band-structure calculation

DFT model of CdC4 (Cd2C8 model) · Model

Hybrid-functional check of the Cd2C8 CdC4 model beyond DFT+PBE to assess whether semilocal self-interaction caused fictitious metallisation.

Geometry
periodic crystal model
Context
pristine computational framework model
Measurement source
4 · Results and discussion · Figure S6
PropertyReported valueNormalised valueUncertaintyOrigin and qualitySource
HSE band-structure figure supportband structure computed at high-symmetry pointsCaption
Qualitative
13 · Ab Initio Calculations · Figure S6
DFT+HSE metallicity checkMarked as a best value within this paperCd2C8 remains metallicText
Qualitative
4 · Results and discussion · Figure S6

VASP DFT with GGA-PBE functional and PAW pseudopotentials

DFT model of CdC4 (Cd2C8 model) · Model

Kinetic energy cutoff 450 eV; Monkhorst-Pack grid 8x8x8; structures relaxed in volume and atomic positions until forces were below 0.01 eV/angstrom before self-consistent density and band-structure calculations.

Geometry
periodic crystal model
Context
pristine computational framework model
Measurement source
9-10 · Ab Initio Calculations · Table SIV
PropertyReported valueNormalised valueUncertaintyOrigin and qualitySource
large band dispersion / bandwidthup to a few hundred meV, particularly for Cd2C8 and Mn4Re12Te16C12N12Text
Approximate
5 · Results and discussion · Figure 4
DFT-optimised crystal structure typeface centered cubicSI Table
Qualitative
10 · Ab Initio Calculations · Table SIV
calculated DOS near Fermi levelDOS around the Fermi level calculatedCaption
Qualitative
12 · Ab Initio Calculations · Figure S5
Monkhorst-Pack k-point grid8x8x8Text
Exact Reported
9-10 · Ab Initio Calculations · Methods paragraph
DFT-optimised lattice parameter a8.9364SI Table
Exact Reported
10 · Ab Initio Calculations · Table SIV
DFT-optimised lattice parameter b8.9364SI Table
Exact Reported
10 · Ab Initio Calculations · Table SIV
DFT-optimised lattice parameter c8.9364SI Table
Exact Reported
10 · Ab Initio Calculations · Table SIV
DFT+PBE metallicity statusMarked as a best value within this paperDFT-confirmed metallicTable
Qualitative
4 · Results and discussion · Table 2
classifier metallic votesLR=metallic; SVC=not reported metallic; NN=not reported metallic; RF=metallicTable
Qualitative
4 · Results and discussion · Table 2
estimated Mott constant C0.0838Table
Exact Reported
4 · Results and discussion · Table 2
DFT+PBE band gapMarked as a best value within this paper0Table
Exact Reported
4 · Results and discussion · Table 2

VASP DFT with GGA-PBE functional and PAW pseudopotentials

DFT model of CdC4 (Cd8C32 model) · Model

Kinetic energy cutoff 450 eV; Monkhorst-Pack grid 4x4x2; structures relaxed in volume and atomic positions until forces were below 0.01 eV/angstrom before self-consistent density and band-structure calculations.

Geometry
periodic crystal model
Context
pristine computational framework model
Measurement source
9-10 · Ab Initio Calculations · Table SIV
PropertyReported valueNormalised valueUncertaintyOrigin and qualitySource
DFT-optimised crystal structure typesimple monoclinicSI Table
Qualitative
10 · Ab Initio Calculations · Table SIV
Monkhorst-Pack k-point grid4x4x2Text
Exact Reported
9-10 · Ab Initio Calculations · Methods paragraph
DFT-optimised lattice parameter a9.003SI Table
Exact Reported
10 · Ab Initio Calculations · Table SIV
DFT-optimised lattice parameter b12.046SI Table
Exact Reported
10 · Ab Initio Calculations · Table SIV
DFT-optimised lattice parameter c18.87SI Table
Exact Reported
10 · Ab Initio Calculations · Table SIV
DFT+PBE metallicity statusnot DFT-confirmed metallicTable
Qualitative
4 · Results and discussion · Table 2
classifier metallic votesLR=metallic; SVC=not reported metallic; NN=not reported metallic; RF=metallicTable
Qualitative
4 · Results and discussion · Table 2
DFT+PBE band gap2.19Table
Exact Reported
4 · Results and discussion · Table 2

VASP DFT with GGA-PBE functional and PAW pseudopotentials

DFT model of Hg[SCN]4Co[NCS]4 · Model

Kinetic energy cutoff 450 eV; Monkhorst-Pack grid 8x4x4; structures relaxed in volume and atomic positions until forces were below 0.01 eV/angstrom before self-consistent density and band-structure calculations.

Geometry
periodic crystal model
Context
pristine computational framework model
Measurement source
9-10 · Ab Initio Calculations · Table SIV
PropertyReported valueNormalised valueUncertaintyOrigin and qualitySource
DFT-optimised crystal structure typesimple orthorhombicSI Table
Qualitative
10 · Ab Initio Calculations · Table SIV
calculated DOS near Fermi levelDOS around the Fermi level calculatedCaption
Qualitative
12 · Ab Initio Calculations · Figure S5
Monkhorst-Pack k-point grid8x4x4Text
Exact Reported
9-10 · Ab Initio Calculations · Methods paragraph
DFT-optimised lattice parameter a7.6237SI Table
Exact Reported
10 · Ab Initio Calculations · Table SIV
DFT-optimised lattice parameter b14.2872SI Table
Exact Reported
10 · Ab Initio Calculations · Table SIV
DFT-optimised lattice parameter c15.4499SI Table
Exact Reported
10 · Ab Initio Calculations · Table SIV
DFT+PBE metallicity statusMarked as a best value within this paperDFT-confirmed metallicTable
Qualitative
4 · Results and discussion · Table 2
classifier metallic votesLR=not reported metallic; SVC=metallic; NN=metallic; RF=metallicTable
Qualitative
4 · Results and discussion · Table 2
estimated Mott constant C0.089Table
Exact Reported
4 · Results and discussion · Table 2
DFT+PBE band gapMarked as a best value within this paper0Table
Exact Reported
4 · Results and discussion · Table 2

VASP DFT with GGA-PBE functional and PAW pseudopotentials

DFT model of KNd[Re4Te4(CN)12] · Model

Kinetic energy cutoff 450 eV; Monkhorst-Pack grid 4x4x2; structures relaxed in volume and atomic positions until forces were below 0.01 eV/angstrom before self-consistent density and band-structure calculations.

Geometry
periodic crystal model
Context
pristine computational framework model
Measurement source
9-10 · Ab Initio Calculations · Table SIV
PropertyReported valueNormalised valueUncertaintyOrigin and qualitySource
DFT-optimised crystal structure typebase centered orthorhombicSI Table
Qualitative
10 · Ab Initio Calculations · Table SIV
Monkhorst-Pack k-point grid4x4x2Text
Exact Reported
9-10 · Ab Initio Calculations · Methods paragraph
DFT-optimised lattice parameter a12.2367SI Table
Exact Reported
10 · Ab Initio Calculations · Table SIV
DFT-optimised lattice parameter b12.2367SI Table
Exact Reported
10 · Ab Initio Calculations · Table SIV
DFT-optimised lattice parameter c18.9469SI Table
Exact Reported
10 · Ab Initio Calculations · Table SIV
DFT+PBE metallicity statusnot DFT-confirmed metallicTable
Qualitative
4 · Results and discussion · Table 2
classifier metallic votesLR=metallic; SVC=not reported metallic; NN=metallic; RF=not reported metallicTable
Qualitative
4 · Results and discussion · Table 2
DFT+PBE band gap1.49Table
Exact Reported
4 · Results and discussion · Table 2

VASP DFT with GGA-PBE functional and PAW pseudopotentials

DFT model of Mn[Re3Te4(CN)3] · Model

Kinetic energy cutoff 450 eV; Monkhorst-Pack grid 6x6x4; structures relaxed in volume and atomic positions until forces were below 0.01 eV/angstrom before self-consistent density and band-structure calculations.

Geometry
periodic crystal model
Context
pristine computational framework model
Measurement source
9-10 · Ab Initio Calculations · Table SIV
PropertyReported valueNormalised valueUncertaintyOrigin and qualitySource
DFT-optimised crystal structure typesimple monoclinicSI Table
Qualitative
10 · Ab Initio Calculations · Table SIV
calculated DOS near Fermi levelDOS around the Fermi level calculatedCaption
Qualitative
12 · Ab Initio Calculations · Figure S5
Monkhorst-Pack k-point grid6x6x4Text
Exact Reported
9-10 · Ab Initio Calculations · Methods paragraph
DFT-optimised lattice parameter a9.6777SI Table
Exact Reported
10 · Ab Initio Calculations · Table SIV
DFT-optimised lattice parameter b10.8246SI Table
Exact Reported
10 · Ab Initio Calculations · Table SIV
DFT-optimised lattice parameter c16.0906SI Table
Exact Reported
10 · Ab Initio Calculations · Table SIV
DFT+PBE metallicity statusMarked as a best value within this paperDFT-confirmed metallicTable
Qualitative
4 · Results and discussion · Table 2
classifier metallic votesLR=metallic; SVC=not reported metallic; NN=metallic; RF=not reported metallicTable
Qualitative
4 · Results and discussion · Table 2
estimated Mott constant C0.1152Table
Exact Reported
4 · Results and discussion · Table 2
DFT+PBE band gapMarked as a best value within this paper0Table
Exact Reported
4 · Results and discussion · Table 2

VASP DFT with GGA-PBE functional and PAW pseudopotentials

DFT model of Mn2[Re6S8(CN)6]4 · Model

Kinetic energy cutoff 450 eV; Monkhorst-Pack grid 4x4x4; structures relaxed in volume and atomic positions until forces were below 0.01 eV/angstrom before self-consistent density and band-structure calculations.

Geometry
periodic crystal model
Context
pristine computational framework model
Measurement source
9-10 · Ab Initio Calculations · Table SIV
PropertyReported valueNormalised valueUncertaintyOrigin and qualitySource
DFT-optimised crystal structure typesimple cubicSI Table
Qualitative
10 · Ab Initio Calculations · Table SIV
calculated DOS near Fermi levelDOS around the Fermi level calculatedCaption
Qualitative
12 · Ab Initio Calculations · Figure S5
Monkhorst-Pack k-point grid4x4x4Text
Exact Reported
9-10 · Ab Initio Calculations · Methods paragraph
DFT-optimised lattice parameter a16.3842SI Table
Exact Reported
10 · Ab Initio Calculations · Table SIV
DFT-optimised lattice parameter b16.3842SI Table
Exact Reported
10 · Ab Initio Calculations · Table SIV
DFT-optimised lattice parameter c16.3842SI Table
Exact Reported
10 · Ab Initio Calculations · Table SIV
DFT+PBE metallicity statusMarked as a best value within this paperDFT-confirmed metallicTable
Qualitative
4 · Results and discussion · Table 2
classifier metallic votesLR=metallic; SVC=not reported metallic; NN=metallic; RF=not reported metallicTable
Qualitative
4 · Results and discussion · Table 2
estimated Mott constant C0.1025Table
Exact Reported
4 · Results and discussion · Table 2
DFT+PBE band gapMarked as a best value within this paper0Table
Exact Reported
4 · Results and discussion · Table 2

VASP DFT with GGA-PBE functional and PAW pseudopotentials

DFT model of Mn2[Re6Se8(CN)6]4 · Model

Kinetic energy cutoff 450 eV; Monkhorst-Pack grid 4x4x4; structures relaxed in volume and atomic positions until forces were below 0.01 eV/angstrom before self-consistent density and band-structure calculations.

Geometry
periodic crystal model
Context
pristine computational framework model
Measurement source
9-10 · Ab Initio Calculations · Table SIV
PropertyReported valueNormalised valueUncertaintyOrigin and qualitySource
DFT-optimised crystal structure typesimple orthorhombicSI Table
Qualitative
10 · Ab Initio Calculations · Table SIV
calculated DOS near Fermi levelDOS around the Fermi level calculatedCaption
Qualitative
12 · Ab Initio Calculations · Figure S5
Monkhorst-Pack k-point grid4x4x4Text
Exact Reported
9-10 · Ab Initio Calculations · Methods paragraph
DFT-optimised lattice parameter a16.3862SI Table
Exact Reported
10 · Ab Initio Calculations · Table SIV
DFT-optimised lattice parameter b16.0077SI Table
Exact Reported
10 · Ab Initio Calculations · Table SIV
DFT-optimised lattice parameter c15.9653SI Table
Exact Reported
10 · Ab Initio Calculations · Table SIV
DFT+PBE metallicity statusMarked as a best value within this paperDFT-confirmed metallicTable
Qualitative
4 · Results and discussion · Table 2
classifier metallic votesLR=metallic; SVC=not reported metallic; NN=metallic; RF=not reported metallicTable
Qualitative
4 · Results and discussion · Table 2
estimated Mott constant C0.1042Table
Exact Reported
4 · Results and discussion · Table 2
DFT+PBE band gapMarked as a best value within this paper0Table
Exact Reported
4 · Results and discussion · Table 2

VASP DFT with GGA-PBE functional and PAW pseudopotentials

DFT model of Mn2[Re6Te8(CN)6]4 · Model

Kinetic energy cutoff 450 eV; Monkhorst-Pack grid 4x4x4; structures relaxed in volume and atomic positions until forces were below 0.01 eV/angstrom before self-consistent density and band-structure calculations.

Geometry
periodic crystal model
Context
pristine computational framework model
Measurement source
9-10 · Ab Initio Calculations · Table SIV
PropertyReported valueNormalised valueUncertaintyOrigin and qualitySource
DFT-optimised crystal structure typesimple orthorhombicSI Table
Qualitative
10 · Ab Initio Calculations · Table SIV
calculated DOS near Fermi levelDOS around the Fermi level calculatedCaption
Qualitative
12 · Ab Initio Calculations · Figure S5
Monkhorst-Pack k-point grid4x4x4Text
Exact Reported
9-10 · Ab Initio Calculations · Methods paragraph
DFT-optimised lattice parameter a16.7127SI Table
Exact Reported
10 · Ab Initio Calculations · Table SIV
DFT-optimised lattice parameter b16.1979SI Table
Exact Reported
10 · Ab Initio Calculations · Table SIV
DFT-optimised lattice parameter c15.8171SI Table
Exact Reported
10 · Ab Initio Calculations · Table SIV
DFT+PBE metallicity statusMarked as a best value within this paperDFT-confirmed metallicTable
Qualitative
4 · Results and discussion · Table 2
classifier metallic votesLR=metallic; SVC=not reported metallic; NN=metallic; RF=not reported metallicTable
Qualitative
4 · Results and discussion · Table 2
estimated Mott constant C0.1034Table
Exact Reported
4 · Results and discussion · Table 2
DFT+PBE band gapMarked as a best value within this paper0Table
Exact Reported
4 · Results and discussion · Table 2

VASP DFT with GGA-PBE functional and PAW pseudopotentials

DFT model of Na13Fe4Sb2W18(C4O43)2 · Model

Kinetic energy cutoff 450 eV; Monkhorst-Pack grid 4x4x4; structures relaxed in volume and atomic positions until forces were below 0.01 eV/angstrom before self-consistent density and band-structure calculations.

Geometry
periodic crystal model
Context
pristine computational framework model
Measurement source
9-10 · Ab Initio Calculations · Table SIV
PropertyReported valueNormalised valueUncertaintyOrigin and qualitySource
DFT-optimised crystal structure typetriclinicSI Table
Qualitative
10 · Ab Initio Calculations · Table SIV
Monkhorst-Pack k-point grid4x4x4Text
Exact Reported
9-10 · Ab Initio Calculations · Methods paragraph
DFT-optimised lattice parameter a12.9005SI Table
Exact Reported
10 · Ab Initio Calculations · Table SIV
DFT-optimised lattice parameter b14.399SI Table
Exact Reported
10 · Ab Initio Calculations · Table SIV
DFT-optimised lattice parameter c19.9229SI Table
Exact Reported
10 · Ab Initio Calculations · Table SIV
DFT+PBE metallicity statusnot DFT-confirmed metallicTable
Qualitative
4 · Results and discussion · Table 2
classifier metallic votesLR=metallic; SVC=not reported metallic; NN=metallic; RF=not reported metallicTable
Qualitative
4 · Results and discussion · Table 2
DFT+PBE band gap0.52Table
Exact Reported
4 · Results and discussion · Table 2

t-SNE/MDS reduction of 45-dimensional feature spaces

Paper-level ML/DFT screening workflow · Model

Inorganic and MOF feature spaces reduced to two dimensions to assess transfer-learning overlap. SI Figure S3 evaluates overlap ratio versus number of inorganic materials.

Context
computational model screening
Measurement source
3 · Feature-space analysis · Figure 3
PropertyReported valueNormalised valueUncertaintyOrigin and qualitySource
MOF/inorganic feature-space overlaplarge regions of overlapCaption
Qualitative
3 · Feature-space analysis · Figure 3
feature selection outcomeall 45 generated material descriptors were usedText
Exact Reported
4 · Feature Selection · Figure S2

Classifier performance evaluation on inorganic training/test sets

Paper-level ML/DFT screening workflow · Model

52,300 inorganic data split 70% training and 30% test; 5-fold cross-validation for model optimisation; metrics reported as accuracy, precision, recall and classifier-specific candidate counts.

Context
computational model screening
Measurement source
3 · Model evaluation · Table 1
PropertyReported valueNormalised valueUncertaintyOrigin and qualitySource
testing DC accuracy50%Table
Exact Reported
3 · Model evaluation · Table 1
testing DC precision50%Table
Exact Reported
3 · Model evaluation · Table 1
testing DC recall50%Table
Exact Reported
3 · Model evaluation · Table 1
testing LR accuracy88%Table
Exact Reported
3 · Model evaluation · Table 1
testing LR precision85%Table
Exact Reported
3 · Model evaluation · Table 1
testing LR recall92%Table
Exact Reported
3 · Model evaluation · Table 1
testing NN accuracy94%Table
Exact Reported
3 · Model evaluation · Table 1
testing NN precision92%Table
Exact Reported
3 · Model evaluation · Table 1
testing NN recall96%Table
Exact Reported
3 · Model evaluation · Table 1
testing RF accuracy97%Table
Exact Reported
3 · Model evaluation · Table 1
testing RF precision96%Table
Exact Reported
3 · Model evaluation · Table 1
testing RF recall97%Table
Exact Reported
3 · Model evaluation · Table 1
testing SVC_rbf accuracy95%Table
Exact Reported
3 · Model evaluation · Table 1
testing SVC_rbf precision94%Table
Exact Reported
3 · Model evaluation · Table 1
testing SVC_rbf recall96%Table
Exact Reported
3 · Model evaluation · Table 1
training DC accuracy50%Table
Exact Reported
3 · Model evaluation · Table 1
training DC precision50%Table
Exact Reported
3 · Model evaluation · Table 1
training DC recall50%Table
Exact Reported
3 · Model evaluation · Table 1
training LR accuracy87%Table
Exact Reported
3 · Model evaluation · Table 1
training LR precision84%Table
Exact Reported
3 · Model evaluation · Table 1
training LR recall92%Table
Exact Reported
3 · Model evaluation · Table 1
training NN accuracy95%Table
Exact Reported
3 · Model evaluation · Table 1
training NN precision94%Table
Exact Reported
3 · Model evaluation · Table 1
training NN recall97%Table
Exact Reported
3 · Model evaluation · Table 1
training RF accuracy98%Table
Exact Reported
3 · Model evaluation · Table 1
training RF precision98%Table
Exact Reported
3 · Model evaluation · Table 1
training RF recall99%Table
Exact Reported
3 · Model evaluation · Table 1
training SVC_rbf accuracy97%Table
Exact Reported
3 · Model evaluation · Table 1
training SVC_rbf precision96%Table
Exact Reported
3 · Model evaluation · Table 1
training SVC_rbf recall98%Table
Exact Reported
3 · Model evaluation · Table 1
LR dft confirmed5SI Table
Exact Reported
7 · Machine Learning Methods · Table SIII
LR ml predicted13SI Table
Exact Reported
7 · Machine Learning Methods · Table SIII
LR mv predicted8SI Table
Exact Reported
7 · Machine Learning Methods · Table SIII
NN dft confirmed5SI Table
Exact Reported
7 · Machine Learning Methods · Table SIII
NN ml predicted26SI Table
Exact Reported
7 · Machine Learning Methods · Table SIII
NN mv predicted7SI Table
Exact Reported
7 · Machine Learning Methods · Table SIII
RF dft confirmed2SI Table
Exact Reported
7 · Machine Learning Methods · Table SIII
RF ml predicted3SI Table
Exact Reported
7 · Machine Learning Methods · Table SIII
RF mv predicted3SI Table
Exact Reported
7 · Machine Learning Methods · Table SIII
SVC_rbf dft confirmed1SI Table
Exact Reported
7 · Machine Learning Methods · Table SIII
SVC_rbf ml predicted40SI Table
Exact Reported
7 · Machine Learning Methods · Table SIII
SVC_rbf mv predicted1SI Table
Exact Reported
7 · Machine Learning Methods · Table SIII

Transfer learning with logistic regression, SVC with rbf kernel, neural network, random forest, and statistical multivoting

Paper-level ML/DFT screening workflow · Model

Models trained on about 52,300 OQMD inorganic compounds using 45 material descriptors; 2932 CoRE-MOF structures screened; candidates predicted metallic by multivoting were validated with DFT.

Context
computational model screening
Measurement source
2 · Methods/results narrative · Figure 1
PropertyReported valueNormalised valueUncertaintyOrigin and qualitySource
dft confirmed metallic countsix intrinsic metallic MOFsText
Exact Reported
2-6 · Methods/results narrative · Table 2
generated descriptor count45 material descriptorsText
Exact Reported
2-6 · Methods/results narrative · Table 2
multivoting accuracy67%Text
Rounded Reported
2-6 · Methods/results narrative · Table 2
multivoting candidate countnine predicted metallic MOFsText
Exact Reported
2-6 · Methods/results narrative · Table 2
oqmd training pool countabout 52,300 inorganic compoundsText
Approximate
2-6 · Methods/results narrative · Table 2
screened mofs count2932 MOF structures screenedText
Exact Reported
2-6 · Methods/results narrative · Table 2