Primary studyCore evidenceTransport Physics

Engineering the modulation of the active sites and pores of pristine metal-organic frameworks for high-performance sodium-ion storage

Shuang W., Wang Y., Chen F. et al. · Inorganic Chemistry Frontiers · 2022 · 396-405

1materials
10samples
6synthesis routes
27measurements
72results
6claims and caveats

Evidence map

Open a family to keep every result attached to its sample, method and conditions.

Author interpretations and caveats

Paraphrased for this database from the authors’ stated interpretations — never quoted verbatim — and kept separate from reported measurements.

Application RelevanceSupport assessment: High

Ni-HHTP-250 shows the best sodium-ion storage performance in the thermally treated Ni-HHTP series, combining high reversible capacity, rate capability and lowest Rct.

Caveat: Rate-comparison trends rely partly on SI plots; key cycling and Rct values are quoted in main text and EIS diffusion values are in SI Table S1.

400 · Electrochemical performance · Fig. 4; Fig. S4-S7 · Linked to 15 structured results

CaveatSupport assessment: High

The paper discusses enhanced electronic conductivity and relatively high conductivity but does not report a direct electrical conductivity value for Ni-HHTP or Ni-HHTP-250 in the main text.

Caveat: EIS Rct values are extracted as kinetic/electrochemical transport evidence, not as intrinsic electrical conductivity.

401 · Electrochemical kinetics · Fig. 5f · Linked to 4 structured results

Phase AssignmentSupport assessment: High

Ni-HHTP-250 retains the intrinsic crystal skeleton and crystal type of pristine Ni-HHTP after 250 C heat treatment.

Caveat: XPS comparison is qualitative in SI Fig. S1; no numeric fitting table is provided.

398 · Synthesis and characterization · Fig. 2b,c · Linked to 5 structured results

Synthesis MechanismSupport assessment: Medium

Thermal treatment removes pore H2O/OH groups and induces ligand stacking, exposing active sites and creating hierarchical porosity before carbonisation.

Caveat: BET surface areas are exact from SI text; pore-size categories remain qualitative from BJH plots.

398 · Synthesis and characterization · Fig. 2a,d-g · Linked to 9 structured results

Transport MechanismSupport assessment: High

Na storage in Ni-HHTP-250 is governed by mixed diffusion-controlled and capacitive-controlled processes, with capacitive behaviour dominant at higher scan rates.

401 · Electrochemical kinetics · Fig. 5b-d · Linked to 7 structured results

Transport MechanismSupport assessment: High

Both Ni centres and organic C-O/C=O groups participate in reversible sodium storage in Ni-HHTP-250.

Caveat: Mechanistic assignment is based on ex situ measurements rather than operando spectroscopy.

403 · Charge storage mechanism · Fig. 6 · Linked to 8 structured results

Material identities

Names and aliases are kept exactly within the paper’s own identity model.

MaterialCompositionStructure contextSource
Ni-HHTP metal-organic frameworkBrowse family: Ni₃(HHTP)₂ / Ni–HHTPNi-HHTP; HHTP = 2,3,6,7,10,11-hexahydroxytriphenyleneNi ions, reported as Ni2+ redox-active centres · 2,3,6,7,10,11-hexahydroxytriphenylene (HHTP)2D · PristineConductive nickel-catecholate framework retaining characteristic ab-plane diffraction peaks at 4.7, 9.3 and 12.3 degrees after 250 C treatment; nanorod morphology forms a cross-linked network.396 · Abstract

Sample register

Sample form, processing state and composition status define the context for measurements.

Show 10 sample records
SampleForm and roleProcessing and geometrySource
Ni-HHTP-160 electroderesearch_0255__mat__ni_hhtp_frameworkElectrode · Composite Sample · Composite70 wt% Ni-HHTP-160, 20 wt% Ketjen black and 10 wt% PVDF in NMP coated on Cu foil and dried at 110 C for 12 h.Cu foil · about 150 um400 · Electrochemical performance · Fig. S4
Ni-HHTP-160research_0255__mat__ni_hhtp_frameworkPowder · Target Sample · Pristine FrameworkAs-prepared Ni-HHTP annealed at 160 C for 2 h under argon.397 · Preparation of Ni-HHTP-250
Ni-HHTP-250 electroderesearch_0255__mat__ni_hhtp_frameworkElectrode · Composite Sample · Composite70 wt% Ni-HHTP-250, 20 wt% Ketjen black and 10 wt% PVDF in NMP coated on Cu foil and dried at 110 C for 12 h; assembled into 2032 coin cells with Na metal counter electrode.Cu foil · about 150 um397 · Electrochemical measurements
Ni-HHTP-250research_0255__mat__ni_hhtp_frameworkPowder · Target Sample · Pristine FrameworkAs-prepared Ni-HHTP annealed at 250 C for 2 h under argon at 5 C min-1.397 · Preparation of Ni-HHTP-250
Ni-HHTP-340 electroderesearch_0255__mat__ni_hhtp_frameworkElectrode · Composite Sample · Composite70 wt% Ni-HHTP-340, 20 wt% Ketjen black and 10 wt% PVDF in NMP coated on Cu foil and dried at 110 C for 12 h.Cu foil · about 150 um401 · Electrochemical kinetics · Fig. S7a
Ni-HHTP-340research_0255__mat__ni_hhtp_frameworkPowder · Target Sample · Pristine FrameworkAs-prepared Ni-HHTP annealed at 340 C for 2 h under argon.398 · Synthesis and characterization · Fig. 2b,c
Ni-HHTP-500 electroderesearch_0255__mat__ni_hhtp_frameworkElectrode · Composite Sample · Composite70 wt% Ni-HHTP-500, 20 wt% Ketjen black and 10 wt% PVDF in NMP coated on Cu foil and dried at 110 C for 12 h.Cu foil · about 150 um400 · Electrochemical performance · Fig. S5
Ni-HHTP-500research_0255__mat__ni_hhtp_frameworkPowder · Target Sample · Derived CarbonAs-prepared Ni-HHTP heated at 500 C; main text describes this as after reaching carbonisation temperature.400 · Electrochemical performance · Fig. S5
pristine Ni-HHTP electroderesearch_0255__mat__ni_hhtp_frameworkElectrode · Composite Sample · Composite70 wt% active Ni-HHTP, 20 wt% Ketjen black and 10 wt% PVDF in NMP coated on Cu foil and dried at 110 C for 12 h.Cu foil · about 150 um397 · Electrochemical measurements
pristine Ni-HHTPresearch_0255__mat__ni_hhtp_frameworkPowder · Pristine Control · Pristine FrameworkAs-prepared hydrothermal Ni-HHTP before thermal treatment.397 · Preparation of Ni-HHTP-250