Primary studyCore evidenceTransport Physics

Manganese oxide and urea-assisted engineering of nickel-iron compounds for high-performance battery-supercapacitor hybrid devices

Dong S.-F., Cheshideh H., Kongvarhodom C. et al. · Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering · 2025 · 117142

4materials
8samples
8synthesis routes
40measurements
99results
5claims and caveats

Evidence map

Open a family to keep every result attached to its sample, method and conditions.

Author interpretations and caveats

Paraphrased for this database from the authors’ stated interpretations — never quoted verbatim — and kept separate from reported measurements.

Application RelevanceSupport assessment: High

The NiFe-Mn3//rGO BSH is claimed to combine high energy and power density with stable cycling for practical energy-storage applications.

Caveat: Areal energy units are reported as kWh/cm2 and may require downstream unit sanity checking.

10 · 3.3; 4 · Fig. 8 · Linked to 4 structured results

CaveatSupport assessment: High

XRD-derived phase percentages show relative trends in MnO2, NiFe-LDH, NiOOH and FeOOH content, but the authors caution that these values are qualitative rather than precise quantification.

Caveat: Low crystallinity, broad diffraction peaks, overlapping reflections and amorphous or poorly crystalline phases can under- or over-estimate components.

5-6 · 3.1 · Table S1 discussion · Linked to 20 structured results

Structure Property LinkSupport assessment: High

The optimal sheet-like/jagged morphology of NiFe-Mn3 is linked to exposed active sites, electrolyte diffusion, lower resistance and the highest capacitance.

Caveat: Mechanistic assignment is inferential from morphology, impedance and electrochemical performance trends.

7-8 · 3.2 · Table 3 · Linked to 4 structured results

Synthesis MechanismSupport assessment: Medium

Urea is proposed to control pH and act as a structure-directing agent, promoting smaller round sheets and better morphology in NiFe-Mn3.

Caveat: No-urea SI images/curves were not available in the provided SI text; extracted from main-text summary.

4 · 3.1 · Figure S1 · Linked to 3 structured results

Transport MechanismSupport assessment: Medium

MnO2 incorporation is claimed to improve electronic conductivity of NiFe-MOF by providing conductive pathways for electron transfer and additional redox-active Mn states.

Caveat: No direct electronic conductivity measurement is reported; support is EIS plus compositional evidence.

7-8 · 3.2 · Table 3 · Linked to 3 structured results

Material identities

Names and aliases are kept exactly within the paper’s own identity model.

MaterialCompositionStructure contextSource
Battery-supercapacitor hybrid device using NiFe-Mn3 and rGO electrodesNiFe-Mn3 positive electrode || rGO negative electrode, 3 M KOH electrolyteNi, Fe, Mn · terephthalate in NiFe-MOF componentunknown · CompositeAssembled asymmetric device; not a standalone framework material.8-10 · 3.3 · Fig. 8
MnO2/NiFe-MOF composite on nickel foam (NiFe-Mn)MnO2-modified Ni/Fe terephthalate MOF with NiFe-LDH, NiOOH and FeOOHNi, Fe, Mn · terephthalic acid / terephthalateunknown · CompositeMn salt and urea treatment introduced MnO2 peaks and altered sheet morphology; NiFe-Mn3 is the optimised composite.1-2 · Abstract; 2.2; 3.1 · Fig. 2a
Nickel-iron metal-organic framework on nickel foam (NiFe-MOF, NiFe)Ni/Fe terephthalate MOF with NiFe-LDH, NiOOH and FeOOH components reported by XRDNi, Fe · terephthalic acid / terephthalateunknown · PristineXRD peaks assigned mostly to simulated Fe-MOF and Ni-MOF, with minor NiFe-LDH, FeOOH and NiOOH.1-2 · Abstract; 2.1; 3.1 · Fig. 2a
Reduced graphene oxide negative electroderGOunknown · CompositeCommercial rGO paste drop-cast on nickel foam for the negative electrode.2-3 · 2.3

Sample register

Sample form, processing state and composition status define the context for measurements.

Show 8 sample records
SampleForm and roleProcessing and geometrySource
NiFe-Mn3//rGO BSHresearch_0359__mat__mat_bsh_deviceUnknown · Composite Sample · CompositeAssembled BSH using NiFe-Mn3 positive electrode, rGO negative electrode and 3 M KOH electrolyte.Ni foam-supported electrodes2, 8 · 2.3; 3.3 · Fig. 8
NiFeresearch_0359__mat__mat_nife_mofElectrode · Pristine Control · Pristine FrameworkHydrothermally grown on nickel foam, washed with DIW, vacuum-dried at 60 deg C overnight.Ni foam, 3 x 1 cm22 · 2.1
NiFe-Mn1research_0359__mat__mat_mno2_nife_mofElectrode · Composite Sample · CompositeSecond hydrothermal MnCl2/urea treatment at 120 deg C for 12 h; 2 mmol MnCl2 . 4 H2O and 0.75 mmol urea.Ni foam bearing NiFe precursor2 · 2.2 · Table 1
NiFe-Mn2research_0359__mat__mat_mno2_nife_mofElectrode · Composite Sample · CompositeSecond hydrothermal MnCl2/urea treatment at 120 deg C for 12 h; 4 mmol MnCl2 . 4 H2O and 1.50 mmol urea.Ni foam bearing NiFe precursor2 · 2.2 · Table 1
NiFe-Mn3research_0359__mat__mat_mno2_nife_mofElectrode · Target Sample · CompositeSecond hydrothermal MnCl2/urea treatment at 120 deg C for 12 h; 8 mmol MnCl2 . 4 H2O and 3.00 mmol urea.Ni foam bearing NiFe precursor2, 7 · 2.2; 3.2 · Table 1; Table 3
NiFe-Mn3 without urearesearch_0359__mat__mat_mno2_nife_mofElectrode · Composite Sample · CompositePrepared under same conditions as NiFe-Mn3 but omitting urea; detailed SI values not available in provided text.Ni foam bearing NiFe precursor3 · Figure S1 caption · Figure S1
NiFe-Mn4research_0359__mat__mat_mno2_nife_mofElectrode · Composite Sample · CompositeSecond hydrothermal MnCl2/urea treatment at 120 deg C for 12 h; 16 mmol MnCl2 . 4 H2O and 6.00 mmol urea.Ni foam bearing NiFe precursor2 · 2.2 · Table 1
rGO negative electroderesearch_0359__mat__mat_rgoElectrode · Composite Component · CompositeCommercial rGO paste drop-cast on nickel foam.Ni foam · commercial rGO paste particle size 10-20 um stated2-3 · 2.3