Primary studyCore evidenceTransport Physics

Two-Dimensional π-d Conjugated Conductive Metal-Organic Framework with Triple Active Centers as High-Performance Cathodes for Flexible Zinc Batteries

Ding H., Liu P., Liu C. et al. · ChemSusChem · 2025 · e202401606

2materials
7samples
5synthesis routes
18measurements
70results
7claims and caveats

Evidence map

Open a family to keep every result attached to its sample, method and conditions.

Author interpretations and caveats

Paraphrased for this database from the authors’ stated interpretations — never quoted verbatim — and kept separate from reported measurements.

CaveatSupport assessment: High

The paper motivates C-MOFs by high electrical conductivity and reports EIS/DFT proxies, but it does not provide a direct intrinsic electrical-transport measurement for pristine 2D Cu-TABQ.

Caveat: Absence determined from the provided main and SI text/images.

main p.1 · Abstract/Introduction · Linked to 2 structured results

Composite RoleSupport assessment: High

PVA/Zn(CF3SO3)2 hydrogel electrolyte with lower water content reduces TABQ linker dissolution and improves flexible-cell cycling stability.

Caveat: Dissolution evidence is mainly visual and electrochemical rather than quantified chemical analysis of electrolyte.

main p.7 · Flexible Batteries · Figure S18 · Linked to 4 structured results

Phase AssignmentSupport assessment: High

XRD positions, FT-IR/Raman coordination features, XPS and EDS mapping support successful synthesis of 1D Cu-TABQ and 2D Cu-TABQ C-MOFs.

Caveat: No CIF or full crystallographic refinement was provided in the assigned documents.

main p.2 · Structural Characterization · Figure 1c-e · Linked to 4 structured results

Structure Property LinkSupport assessment: Medium

The 2D coordination configuration, higher surface area and lower charge-transfer resistance are proposed to explain the better rate and cycling performance of 2D Cu-TABQ relative to 1D Cu-TABQ.

Caveat: Specific surface area is only reported qualitatively; direct intrinsic electrical conductivity was not measured.

main p.4 · Electrochemical Performance · Figure 3, Figure S9 · Linked to 6 structured results

Structure Property LinkSupport assessment: Medium

The high-frequency C=O shift in 2D Cu-TABQ is interpreted as evidence that carbonyl groups do not coordinate to Cu; N atoms coordinate to Cu2+.

Caveat: Assignment is spectroscopic and literature-supported; no direct local structural refinement was reported.

main p.2 · Structural Characterization · Figure 1d-e · Linked to 3 structured results

Structure Property LinkSupport assessment: Medium

DFT gives lower LUMO and smaller HOMO-LUMO gap for 2D Cu-TABQ than 1D Cu-TABQ, which the authors link to stronger electron affinity and better electrical conductivity.

Caveat: Electrical conductivity is inferred from calculated gap; no direct conductivity measurement is reported.

main p.6 · Storage Mechanism · Figure 5a · Linked to 4 structured results

Transport MechanismSupport assessment: High

2D Cu-TABQ stores Zn2+ through triple redox-active centres: C=O/C-O, C=N/C-N and Cu2+/Cu+.

Caveat: Mechanistic assignment is based on ex-situ spectra and DFT ESP, not operando structure determination.

main p.5 · Storage Mechanism · Figure 4 · Linked to 7 structured results

Material identities

Names and aliases are kept exactly within the paper’s own identity model.

MaterialCompositionStructure contextSource
1D Cu-TABQCu-TABQ framework; exact empirical formula not reportedCu ions coordinated to deprotonated TABQ amine nitrogens · 2,3,5,6-tetraaminobenzoquinone (TABQ)1D · PristineOne-dimensional Cu-TABQ coordination polymer prepared in ammonia; used as the pristine lower-dimensional control.main p.2 · Structural Characterization · Figure 1b
2D Cu-TABQCu-TABQ framework; exact empirical formula not reportedCu ions, with Cu+ and Cu2+ observed by Cu 2p XPS · 2,3,5,6-tetraaminobenzoquinone (TABQ)2D · PristineTwo-dimensional pi-d conjugated conductive metal-organic framework; N coordinates to Cu2+ and carbonyl groups are not assigned as Cu-coordination sites.main p.1 · Abstract

Sample register

Sample form, processing state and composition status define the context for measurements.

Show 7 sample records
SampleForm and roleProcessing and geometrySource
1D Cu-TABQ composite cathode in CR2032 Zn cellresearch_0398__mat__cu_tabq_1dElectrode · Composite Sample · Composite1D Cu-TABQ powder/Ketjen Black/PTFE 6:3:1 in NMP, coated on stainless steel, dried at 80 C for 12 h and cut to 10 mm disks.Stainless steel current collector; Zn foil counter/anode in CR2032 coin cell.main p.7 · ZIBs Fabrication
DFT model of 1D Cu-TABQresearch_0398__mat__cu_tabq_1dModel · Model System · ModelGaussian 16 A.03/PBE0-D3(BJ)/def2-SVP geometry optimisation and frequency calculation.not_applicablemain p.8 · Computational Method · Figure 5 and Figure S13
Pristine 1D Cu-TABQ powderresearch_0398__mat__cu_tabq_1dPowder · Pristine Control · Pristine FrameworkWashed with ethanol and water and dried at 80 C for 12 h after room-temperature coordination polymerisation.main p.7 · Materials Synthesis
2D Cu-TABQ composite cathode in CR2032 Zn cellresearch_0398__mat__cu_tabq_2dElectrode · Composite Sample · Composite2D Cu-TABQ powder/Ketjen Black/PTFE 6:3:1 in NMP, coated on stainless steel, dried at 80 C for 12 h and cut to 10 mm disks.Stainless steel current collector; Zn foil counter/anode in CR2032 coin cell.main p.7 · ZIBs Fabrication
DFT model of 2D Cu-TABQresearch_0398__mat__cu_tabq_2dModel · Model System · ModelGaussian 16 A.03/PBE0-D3(BJ)/def2-SVP geometry optimisation and frequency calculation.not_applicablemain p.8 · Computational Method · Figure 5
Flexible 2D Cu-TABQ//Zn cell with PVA/Zn(CF3SO3)2 hydrogel electrolyteresearch_0398__mat__cu_tabq_2dElectrode · Composite Sample · CompositeFlexible sandwich cell assembled with 2D Cu-TABQ cathode, GF/C separator, Zn foil and PVA/Zn(CF3SO3)2 hydrogel electrolyte.Flexible cell stack; Zn foil anode and GF/C separator. · 2 x 3 cm2 cathode and 2 x 3 cm2 Zn foil anode.main p.8 · ZIBs Fabrication · Figures S14-S15
Pristine 2D Cu-TABQ powderresearch_0398__mat__cu_tabq_2dPowder · Target Sample · Pristine FrameworkWashed with ethanol and water and dried at 80 C for 12 h after solvothermal synthesis.main p.7 · Materials Synthesis