Synthesis evidence

A Rationally Designed Iron–Dihydroxybenzoquinone Metal–Organic Framework as Practical Cathode Material for Rechargeable Batteries

Cai T., Hu Z., Gao Y. et al. · Energy Storage Materials · 2022 · 426-434

6 structured synthesis routes

Completeness describes how fully the route could be reconstructed from the main article and supporting information.

Complete recipeSource: Main

Route 1: Other

432 · 4.3. Electrochemical tests

Metal precursorsFe2(DHBQ)3 electrode discs with current collector
Atmospherevacuum drying followed by glovebox storage
Temperature180
Time2
Substrate orientationwith current collector
Work-upStore in glovebox before cell assembly.
ActivationDry Fe2(DHBQ)3 electrode discs at 180 C in vacuum for 2 h.
Show 1 structured reagent record
RoleReagentAmount / concentrationSource
OtherFe2(DHBQ)3 electrode discsNot specified432 · 4.3. Electrochemical tests
Complete recipeSource: Main

Route 2: Other

432-433 · 4.3. Electrochemical tests

Metal precursorsas-prepared Fe2(DHBQ)3 active material
AdditivesKetjenblack EC-600JD carbon additive; PTFE binder
Atmosphereair drying of film; glovebox coin-cell assembly
Temperature60
Time2
Substrate orientationpressed onto aluminium mesh current collectors
Work-upMix Fe2(DHBQ)3/KB/PTFE 6:3:1, roll paste into free-standing film, dry, cut 8 mm discs.
ActivationDry film at 60 C in air for 2 h.
Scalability contextTypical electrodes 1-2 mg cm-2 active material loading.
Show 3 structured reagent records
RoleReagentAmount / concentrationSource
Otheras-prepared Fe2(DHBQ)36 parts by weight432-433 · 4.3. Electrochemical tests
AdditiveKetjenblack (KB, EC-600JD)3 parts by weight432-433 · 4.3. Electrochemical tests
Additivepolytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) binder1 part by weight432-433 · 4.3. Electrochemical tests
Complete recipeSource: Main

Route 3: Other

432-433 · 4.3. Electrochemical tests

Metal precursorsas-prepared Fe2(DHBQ)3 active material
AdditivesKetjenblack EC-600JD carbon additive; PTFE binder
Atmosphereair drying of film; glovebox coin-cell assembly
Temperature60
Time2
Substrate orientationpressed onto aluminium mesh current collectors
Work-upMix Fe2(DHBQ)3/KB/PTFE 8:1:1, roll paste into free-standing film, dry, cut 8 mm discs.
ActivationDry film at 60 C in air for 2 h.
Scalability contextHigh-loading electrodes 11-13 mg cm-2; electrode C reported at 11.9 mg cm-2.
Show 3 structured reagent records
RoleReagentAmount / concentrationSource
Otheras-prepared Fe2(DHBQ)38 parts by weight432-433 · 4.3. Electrochemical tests
AdditiveKetjenblack (KB, EC-600JD)1 part by weight432-433 · 4.3. Electrochemical tests
AdditivePTFE binder1 part by weight432-433 · 4.3. Electrochemical tests
Complete recipeSource: Main

Route 4: Other

432 · 4.1. Material synthesis

Metal precursorsair-stabilised Fe2(DHBQ)3 powder
Atmospherevacuum drying; argon-filled glovebox storage with O2 and H2O below 1 ppm
Temperature180
Time2
Work-upStore in argon-filled glovebox.
ActivationDehydration at 180 C in vacuum for 2 h; 7.1% weight loss.
Show 1 structured reagent record
RoleReagentAmount / concentrationSource
OtherFe2(DHBQ)3 powderNot specified432 · 4.1. Material synthesis
Complete recipeSource: Main

Route 5: Other

432 · 4.1. Material synthesis

Metal precursorsanhydrous FeCl3 (Sinopharm), 114 mg, 0.7 mmol, 5% excess
Linker precursors2,5-dihydroxy-1,4-benzoquinone (DHBQ, Alfa Aesar), 140 mg, 1.0 mmol
Solvents20 mL deionized water; 20 mL ethanol; H2O/EtOH volume ratio 1:1 during final reflux
Atmosphereair atmosphere for DHBQ/Fe(OH)3 reflux; stored in air several hours after drying
Temperature88 C azeotropic reflux for H2O/EtOH mixture; 80 C vacuum drying
TimeFeCl3 aqueous reflux 10 min; final reflux 1 h; vacuum dry 12 h; air storage several hours
Oxidant / reductantFeCl3 as Fe3+ source; oxidative air atmosphere; Fe(OH)3 weak base deprotonates DHBQ
Work-upCool to room temperature; centrifuge precipitate; wash with deionized water three times and ethanol three times.
ActivationVacuum drying at 80 C for 12 h; air equilibration to stable Fe2(C6H2O4)3.2H2O.
Scalability contextAuthors describe the synthesis as easy and low cost; isolated yield 93% based on Fe2(C6H2O4)3.2H2O.
Show 4 structured reagent records
RoleReagentAmount / concentrationSource
Metal Sourceanhydrous FeCl3 (Sinopharm)114 mg (0.7 mmol, 5% excess)432 · 4.1. Material synthesis
Linker2,5-dihydroxy-1,4-benzoquinone (DHBQ, Alfa Aesar)140 mg (1.0 mmol)432 · 4.1. Material synthesis
Solventdeionized water20 mL432 · 4.1. Material synthesis
Solventethanol20 mL432 · 4.1. Material synthesis
Partial recipeSource: Main

Route 6: Other

432 · 4.3. Electrochemical tests

AdditivesKetjenblack EC-600JD; PTFE binder
Atmospheresame method as Fe2(DHBQ)3 electrodes
Temperature60
Time2
Substrate orientationcurrent collector electrode disc
Work-upPrepared by same mixing/film/disc method as composite cathodes.
ActivationDry at 60 C in air for 2 h.
Show 2 structured reagent records
RoleReagentAmount / concentrationSource
AdditiveKetjenblack (KB, EC-600JD)9 parts by weight432 · 4.3. Electrochemical tests
AdditivePTFE binder1 part by weight432 · 4.3. Electrochemical tests