Primary studyCore evidenceTransport Physics

Reversible Molecule Interactions Enable Ultrastretchable and Recyclable Ionogels for Wearable Piezoionic Sensors

Chen Y., Chen Y., Gao R. et al. · ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces · 2024 · 50027-50035

5materials
7samples
5synthesis routes
16measurements
40results
6claims and caveats

Evidence map

Open a family to keep every result attached to its sample, method and conditions.

Author interpretations and caveats

Paraphrased for this database from the authors’ stated interpretations — never quoted verbatim — and kept separate from reported measurements.

Application RelevanceSupport assessment: High

The best electrical and mechanical ionogel performance occurs at 5 wt% UiO-66-NH2@PAA and 30 wt% ionic liquid relative to TPU.

Caveat: Exact recipes for each composition are not tabulated in the main text or SI.

50030 · 3.2 · Figure 2 · Linked to 5 structured results

Application RelevanceSupport assessment: Medium

The ionogel-based piezoionic sensor shows linear strain-response behaviour and stable output over 3000 bending cycles, supporting wearable motion detection demonstrations.

Caveat: Wearable voltage magnitudes are visual estimates from figures, and long-term stability is reported qualitatively in the main text.

50031-50032 · 3.3-3.4 · Figures 4-6 · Linked to 5 structured results

Phase AssignmentSupport assessment: High

XRD and FTIR evidence supports successful preparation of UiO-66-NH2@PAA and the presence of physical and chemical interactions in the MOF/PAA material.

Caveat: SI microscopy and supplemental FTIR figures were checked; the claim still relies mainly on main-text assignments.

50029 · 3.1 · Figure 1 · Linked to 6 structured results

Structure Property LinkSupport assessment: Medium

A moderate UiO-66-NH2@PAA loading improves ionogel conductivity, with the authors attributing the optimum to MOF framework ion channels and the decline at higher loading to MOF accumulation/resistivity increase.

Caveat: Figure 2e values are visual estimates and conductivity test geometry is not fully specified in the main article.

50030 · 3.2 · Figure 2e · Linked to 5 structured results

Synthesis MechanismSupport assessment: Medium

The ionogel can be solvent-recycled through DMAC remoulding because reversible molecular interactions allow the network to reform, although conductivity decreases after recycling due to ionic-liquid loss.

Caveat: Only one recycled-state conductivity and elongation are reported in the main text; repeated recycling cycles are not shown there.

50031 · 3.2 · Figure 3 · Linked to 3 structured results

Transport MechanismSupport assessment: Medium

The sensor voltage is ascribed to pressure-driven ion flux: different cation and anion migration rates redistribute ions under bending, generating a voltage between electrodes.

Caveat: CV, charge-discharge and EIS traces are in the SI, but numerical fitted electrochemical parameters are not tabulated.

50031 · 3.3 · Figure 4a · Linked to 3 structured results

Material identities

Names and aliases are kept exactly within the paper’s own identity model.

MaterialCompositionStructure contextSource
TPU/[EMIM][EtSO4] blank ionogelTPU + [EMIM][EtSO4] without UiO-66-NH2@PAAnone · none; polymer/ionic-liquid controlunknown · Model SystemNo-MOF ionogel control for mechanical and conductivity comparisons.50029-50030 · 3.2 · Figure 2b,e
UiO-66-NH2@PAA/TPU/[EMIM][EtSO4] flexible ionogelTPU + [EMIM][EtSO4] + UiO-66-NH2@PAAZr(IV) UiO-66-NH2 nodes in composite additive · BDC-NH2 in MOF; TPU polymer; PAA; 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium ethylsulfate ionic liquid3D · CompositeComposite ionogel solid electrolyte in which UiO-66-NH2@PAA is dispersed in TPU/[EMIM][EtSO4].50028-50030 · 2.2.3; 3.2 · Figure 2
MWCNT/ionogel/MWCNT piezoionic strain sensorMWCNT electrodes + UiO-66-NH2@PAA/TPU/[EMIM][EtSO4] ionogel membraneZr(IV) UiO-66-NH2 nodes in ionogel membrane · BDC-NH2, PAA, TPU and ionic liquid in the sensing layer; CNT electrodesunknown · CompositeLaminated flexible strain-sensor device using the ionogel as solid electrolyte between MWCNT electrodes.50028; 50031 · 2.2.4; 3.3 · Figure 4
UiO-66-NH2Zr6O4(OH)4(BDC-NH2)6 nominal UiO-66-NH2 frameworkZr(IV) oxo clusters from ZrCl4 · 2-aminoterephthalic acid / H2BDCNH23D · PristineUiO-66-NH2 MOF with tetrahedral particle morphology; XRD peaks assigned to (111) and (002) crystal planes.50028-50029 · 2.2.1; 3.1 · Figure 1
UiO-66-NH2@PAAUiO-66-NH2 coated/interconnected with poly(acrylic acid)Zr(IV) UiO-66-NH2 nodes · BDC-NH2 framework linker plus PAA coating/amide-bonded polymer network3D · CompositePAA-modified UiO-66-NH2 composite; main text reports interconnected lamellar morphology and preserved typical UiO-66-NH2 crystal peaks under amorphous polymer signal.50028-50029 · 2.2.2; 3.1 · Figure 1

Sample register

Sample form, processing state and composition status define the context for measurements.

Show 7 sample records
SampleForm and roleProcessing and geometrySource
0 wt% UiO-66-NH2@PAA blank ionogelresearch_0572__mat__mat_blank_ionogelThin Film · Pristine Control · CompositeSolution-cast TPU/[EMIM][EtSO4] ionogel without MOF additive.glass plate during casting · thickness measured before tensile testing; value not reported in main text50028-50030 · 2.2.3; 3.2 · Figure 2b,e
optimal 5 wt% UiO-66-NH2@PAA / 30 wt% [EMIM][EtSO4] ionogelresearch_0572__mat__mat_flexible_ionogelThin Film · Target Sample · CompositeSolution-cast and heated at 80 C; identified as best electrical/mechanical composition.glass plate during casting · not reported in main text50030 · 3.2 · Figure 2d,e
flexible ionogel composition seriesresearch_0572__mat__mat_flexible_ionogelThin Film · Target Sample · CompositeTPU ionogels with 20-40 wt% ionic liquid and 0-20 wt% UiO-66-NH2@PAA.glass plate during casting · thickness measured before tensile testing; value not reported in main text50028 · 2.2.3 · Figure 2
recycled ionogelresearch_0572__mat__mat_flexible_ionogelThin Film · Target Sample · CompositeUsed ionogel dissolved in DMAC, stirred 4 h at room temperature, recast and heated at 80 C for 4 h.glass plate during recasting · not reported in main text50028; 50031 · 2.2.5; 3.2 · Figure 3
ionogel-based flexible strain sensorresearch_0572__mat__mat_piezoionic_sensorElectrode · Composite Sample · CompositeIonogel and MWCNT membranes hot-pressed at 140 C for 15 min and wired with soldered copper wire.MWCNT electrode membranes on both sides of ionogel membrane · sensor cut to 0.5 cm width; ionogel membrane 2 cm x 1 cm; electrode membrane 3 cm x 1 cm50028 · 2.2.4 · Figure 4
UiO-66-NH2@PAA particlesresearch_0572__mat__mat_uio66nh2_paaPowder · Composite Component · CompositeUiO-66-NH2 mixed with PAA in water, rested, sonicated, cast and heated at 80 C.50028 · 2.2.2 · Figure 1a
as-synthesised UiO-66-NH2 light-yellow powderresearch_0572__mat__mat_uio66nh2Powder · Composite Component · Pristine FrameworkAutoclave product washed, methanol-soaked for 3 days and dried at 60 C.50028 · 2.2.1