Spectroscopy — Dual single atomic Fe-Ni sites in N‑doped nanoporous carbon for high-efficiency potassium periodate activation toward pollutant abatement

Measurement evidence

Spectroscopy

Dual single atomic Fe-Ni sites in N‑doped nanoporous carbon for high-efficiency potassium periodate activation toward pollutant abatement · Yao Y., Ma Z., Ma Z. et al. · Separation and Purification Technology · 2025 · 128091

4 measurement groups · 62 results

Reported values remain attached to the sample, method, conditions, extraction quality and source location that produced them.

In situ Raman spectroscopy during PI activation

Raman spectroscopy

Fe2Ni1-NC-900 · Powder

Raman spectra of PI, Fe2Ni1-NC-900 and Fe2Ni1-NC-900 + PI water suspensions.

Geometry: aqueous suspension
Context: MOF-derived catalyst interacting with periodate
Measurement source: 9 · 3.6 Insights into the electron transfer process · Figure 6a

Property	Reported value	Normalised value	Uncertainty	Origin and quality	Source
New Raman peak after Fe2Ni1-NC-900 addition to PI	734 cm-1	734 cm-1	—	Text Exact Reported	9 · 3.6 · Figure 6a
New Raman peak after Fe2Ni1-NC-900 addition to PI	758 cm-1	758 cm-1	—	Text Exact Reported	9 · 3.6 · Figure 6a
PI Raman I-O vibration peak	797 cm-1	797 cm-1	—	Text Exact Reported	9 · 3.6 · Figure 6a
PI Raman I-O vibration peak	843 cm-1	843 cm-1	—	Text Exact Reported	9 · 3.6 · Figure 6a

Raman spectroscopy

Fe2Ni1-NC-900 · Powder

LabRAM HR Evolution confocal Raman, 532 nm laser; D and G bands analysed for NC-900, Ni-NC-900, Fe-NC-900 and Fe2Ni1-NC-900.

Geometry: powder
Context: MOF-derived carbon catalysts
Measurement source: 3-4 · 2.3; 3.1 · Figure 1c

Property	Reported value	Normalised value	Uncertainty	Origin and quality	Source
Raman D band position	1340 cm-1	—	—	Text Rounded Reported	4 · 3.1 · Figure 1c
Raman G band position	1607 cm-1	—	—	Text Rounded Reported	4 · 3.1 · Figure 1c
ID/IG for Fe2Ni1-NC-900	0.93	—	—	Text Exact Reported	4 · 3.1 · Figure 1c
ID/IG for Fe-NC-900	1.07	—	—	Text Exact Reported	4 · 3.1 · Figure 1c
ID/IG for NC-900	1.16	—	—	Text Exact Reported	4 · 3.1 · Figure 1c
ID/IG for Ni-NC-900	0.98	—	—	Text Exact Reported	4 · 3.1 · Figure 1c

XPS after catalytic use

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

Used Fe2Ni1-NC-900 · Powder

Used Fe2Ni1-NC-900 analysed by XPS to identify active-site evolution; fresh and used atomic ratios compared.

Geometry: powder
Context: used MOF-derived carbon catalyst
Measurement source: 10; SI 12 · 3.7 Evolution mechanism · Figure S7; Table S2

Property	Reported value	Normalised value	Uncertainty	Origin and quality	Source
Graphitic N content in Used Fe2Ni1-NC-900	33.34 %	—	—	SI Table Exact Reported	12 · Table S2 · Table S2
Metal-N content in Used Fe2Ni1-NC-900	19.16 %	—	—	SI Table Exact Reported	12 · Table S2 · Table S2
Oxidized N content in Used Fe2Ni1-NC-900	7.80 %	—	—	SI Table Exact Reported	12 · Table S2 · Table S2
Pyridinic N content in Used Fe2Ni1-NC-900	10.12 %	—	—	SI Table Exact Reported	12 · Table S2 · Table S2
Pyrrolic N content in Used Fe2Ni1-NC-900	29.58 %	—	—	SI Table Exact Reported	12 · Table S2 · Table S2
C=C fraction change after reaction	62.22 % to 61.71 %	61.71 %	—	Text Exact Reported	10 · 3.7 · Figure S7d
C=O fraction decrease after reaction	44.52 % to 17.07 %	17.07 %	—	Text Exact Reported	10 · 3.7 · Figure S7c
C-O/C-N fraction change after reaction	37.78 % to 38.29 %	38.29 %	—	Text Exact Reported	10 · 3.7 · Figure S7d
Fe(II) fraction after reaction	51.38 % before reaction; 48.04 % after catalytic experiment	48.04 %	—	Text Exact Reported	10 · 3.7 · Figure S7e
Fe(III) fraction after reaction	28.71 % before reaction; 34.29 % after catalytic experiment	34.29 %	—	Text Exact Reported	10 · 3.7 · Figure S7e
Ni(II) fraction increase after reaction	Ni(II) increased from 29.48 % to 53.83 %	53.83 %	—	Text Exact Reported	10 · 3.7 · Figure S7f
Ni(III) fraction after reaction	area of Ni(III) decreased to 34.13 %	34.13 %	—	Text Exact Reported	10 · 3.7 · Figure S7f
Pyridinic N decrease after reaction	18.83 % to 10.12 %	10.12 %	—	SI Table Exact Reported	12 · Table S2 · Table S2
Pyrrolic N increase after reaction	24.55 % to 29.58 %	29.58 %	—	SI Table Exact Reported	12 · Table S2 · Table S2

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS)

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

Fe2Ni1-NC-900 · Powder

ESCALAB 250 with Al Kalpha radiation; survey, C 1s, O 1s, N 1s, Fe 2p and Ni 2p analysed for NC-900, Ni-NC-900, Fe-NC-900 and Fe2Ni1-NC-900.

Geometry: powder
Context: MOF-derived carbon catalysts
Measurement source: 4-5 · 3.1 Characterizations of the synthesized catalysts · Figure 2

Property	Reported value	Normalised value	Uncertainty	Origin and quality	Source
Fe(II) 2p3/2 binding energy in Fe2Ni1-NC-900	710.20 eV	710.2 eV	—	Text Exact Reported	5 · 3.1 · Figure 2e
Fe(III) 2p3/2 binding energy in Fe2Ni1-NC-900	713.05 eV	713.05 eV	—	Text Exact Reported	5 · 3.1 · Figure 2e
Fe 2p3/2 binding-energy shift in Fe2Ni1-NC-900 relative to Fe-NC-1000	-0.80 eV	-0.8 eV	—	Text Exact Reported	5 · 3.1 · Figure 2e
Graphitic N content in Fe2Ni1-NC-900	21.41 %	—	—	SI Table Exact Reported	12 · Table S2 · Table S2
Metal-N content in Fe2Ni1-NC-900	20.77 %	—	—	SI Table Exact Reported	12 · Table S2 · Table S2
Oxidized N content in Fe2Ni1-NC-900	14.44 %	—	—	SI Table Exact Reported	12 · Table S2 · Table S2
Pyridinic N content in Fe2Ni1-NC-900	18.83 %	—	—	SI Table Exact Reported	12 · Table S2 · Table S2
Pyrrolic N content in Fe2Ni1-NC-900	24.55 %	—	—	SI Table Exact Reported	12 · Table S2 · Table S2
Graphitic N content in Fe-NC-900	43.58 %	—	—	SI Table Exact Reported	12 · Table S2 · Table S2
Metal-N content in Fe-NC-900	14.96 %	—	—	SI Table Exact Reported	12 · Table S2 · Table S2
Oxidized N content in Fe-NC-900	9.76 %	—	—	SI Table Exact Reported	12 · Table S2 · Table S2
Pyridinic N content in Fe-NC-900	9.80 %	—	—	SI Table Exact Reported	12 · Table S2 · Table S2
Pyrrolic N content in Fe-NC-900	21.90 %	—	—	SI Table Exact Reported	12 · Table S2 · Table S2
Graphitic N content in NC-900	22.04 %	—	—	SI Table Exact Reported	12 · Table S2 · Table S2
Metal-N content in NC-900	0	—	—	SI Table Exact Reported	12 · Table S2 · Table S2
Oxidized N content in NC-900	17.17 %	—	—	SI Table Exact Reported	12 · Table S2 · Table S2
Pyridinic N content in NC-900	25.62 %	—	—	SI Table Exact Reported	12 · Table S2 · Table S2
Pyrrolic N content in NC-900	35.17 %	—	—	SI Table Exact Reported	12 · Table S2 · Table S2
Graphitic N content in Ni-NC-900	32.53 %	—	—	SI Table Exact Reported	12 · Table S2 · Table S2
Metal-N content in Ni-NC-900	20.32 %	—	—	SI Table Exact Reported	12 · Table S2 · Table S2
Oxidized N content in Ni-NC-900	13.94 %	—	—	SI Table Exact Reported	12 · Table S2 · Table S2
Pyridinic N content in Ni-NC-900	17.30 %	—	—	SI Table Exact Reported	12 · Table S2 · Table S2
Pyrrolic N content in Ni-NC-900	15.92 %	—	—	SI Table Exact Reported	12 · Table S2 · Table S2
Ni(II) 2p3/2 binding energy in Fe2Ni1-NC-900	854.34 eV	854.34 eV	—	Text Exact Reported	5 · 3.1 · Figure 2f
Ni(III) 2p3/2 binding energy in Fe2Ni1-NC-900	855.45 eV	855.45 eV	—	Text Exact Reported	5 · 3.1 · Figure 2f
Ni 2p3/2 binding-energy shift in Fe2Ni1-NC-900 relative to Ni-NC-900	-0.11 eV	-0.11 eV	—	Text Exact Reported	5 · 3.1 · Figure 2f
C atomic percentage in Fe2Ni1-NC-900	81.2 %	81.2 at%	—	Text Exact Reported	4 · 3.1 · Figure 2a
C=C fraction in Fe-NC-900 C 1s	59.96 %	59.96 %	—	Text Exact Reported	4 · 3.1 · Figure 2b
C=C fraction in Fe2Ni1-NC-900 C 1sMarked as a best value within this paper	62.22 %	62.22 %	—	Text Exact Reported	4 · 3.1 · Figure 2b
C=C fraction in NC-900 C 1s	61.86 %	61.86 %	—	Text Exact Reported	4 · 3.1 · Figure 2b
C=C fraction in Ni-NC-900 C 1s	56.27 %	56.27 %	—	Text Exact Reported	4 · 3.1 · Figure 2b
Fe atomic percentage in Fe2Ni1-NC-900	0.8 %	0.8 at%	—	Text Exact Reported	4 · 3.1 · Figure 2a
Graphitic N content in Fe2Ni1-NC-900	21.41 %	21.41 %	—	SI Table Exact Reported	12 · Table S2 · Table S2
N atomic percentage in Fe2Ni1-NC-900	6.5 %	6.5 at%	—	Text Exact Reported	4 · 3.1 · Figure 2a
Ni atomic percentage in Fe2Ni1-NC-900	0.4 %	0.4 at%	—	Text Exact Reported	4 · 3.1 · Figure 2a
O atomic percentage in Fe2Ni1-NC-900	10.5 %	10.5 at%	—	Text Exact Reported	4 · 3.1 · Figure 2a
Pyridinic N content in Fe2Ni1-NC-900	18.83 %	18.83 %	—	SI Table Exact Reported	12 · Table S2 · Table S2
Zn atomic percentage in Fe2Ni1-NC-900	0.6 %	0.6 at%	—	Text Exact Reported	4 · 3.1 · Figure 2a