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Atomic Ruthenium-Riveted Metal-Organic Framework with Tunable d-Band Modulates Oxygen Redox for Lithium-Oxygen Batteries

Lv Q., Zhu Z., Ni Y. et al. · Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2022 · 23239-23246

2materials
8samples
4synthesis routes
37measurements
103results
7claims and caveats

Evidence map

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Author interpretations and caveats

Paraphrased for this database from the authors’ stated interpretations — never quoted verbatim — and kept separate from reported measurements.

Application RelevanceSupport assessment: High

NiRu-HTP lowers Li-O2 charge/discharge polarisation and improves cycling compared with Ni-HTP.

Caveat: Battery data are application performance under the reported cathode/cell configuration, not intrinsic MOF-only transport.

6 · Conclusions · Figure 3 · Linked to 5 structured results

Application RelevanceSupport assessment: High

Strong LiO2 affinity on NiRu-HTP favours film-like Li2O2, whereas Ni-HTP forms toroidal Li2O2 particulates.

Caveat: Morphology evidence is SEM-based and interpreted alongside DFT/RRDE; quantitative film thickness is not reported.

6 · Mechanistic Analyses · Figure 5d · Linked to 4 structured results

Application RelevanceSupport assessment: High

NiRu-HTP cycling mainly forms/decomposes Li2O2 with near-two-electron O2 stoichiometry and no detectable CO2 in DEMS.

Caveat: XPS also notes minor Li2CO3 after discharge; DEMS detection limits are not reported.

5 · Mechanistic Analyses · Figures 4, S15 · Linked to 5 structured results

Phase AssignmentSupport assessment: High

Ni-HTP and NiRu-HTP are assigned to hexagonal layered graphene-like conductive MOF structures with long-range order.

Caveat: Formulae are not explicitly tabulated in the main text; assignment relies on XRD/Pawley, HRTEM and spectroscopy.

2 · Characterization · Figures 1, S4 · Linked to 4 structured results

Structure Property LinkSupport assessment: High

Ru is incorporated as atomically dispersed Ru-N4 sites rather than Ru/RuO2 clusters.

Caveat: Ru valence is described as between 0 and +4; exact oxidation-state distribution is not uniquely resolved.

3 · Characterization · Figure 1i-k · Linked to 5 structured results

Structure Property LinkSupport assessment: High

NiRu-HTP has stronger O2 and LiO2 adsorption than Ni-HTP, attributed to the upshifted d-band and Ru-N4 sites.

Caveat: Adsorption energies are computational and uptake is O2 gas adsorption, not direct LiO2 concentration measurement.

4 · Electronic Structure · Figures 2, S12, S23 · Linked to 6 structured results

Transport MechanismSupport assessment: Medium

Ru incorporation increases electronic density near the Fermi level and experimentally raises pellet conductivity from 0.034 to 0.190 S m-1.

Caveat: Conductivity values are read from figure labels rather than a machine-readable table; pelletisation details are sparse.

3 · Electronic Structure · Figure S9 · Linked to 4 structured results

Material identities

Names and aliases are kept exactly within the paper’s own identity model.

MaterialCompositionStructure contextSource
nickel-hexaiminotriphenylene (Ni-HTP)not explicitly reportedNi2+ centres in quadrilateral Ni-N4 units · 2,3,6,7,10,11-hexaiminotriphenylene (HTP) tritopic linkers2D · PristineHexagonal layered graphene-like honeycomb conductive MOF; XRD peaks assigned to (001), (002), (210), and (004) facets.2 · Characterization of Ni-HTP and NiRu-HTP · Figure 1, Figure S4
ruthenium-riveted nickel-hexaiminotriphenylene (NiRu-HTP)Browse family: Ni/Ru–HITP familyNi/Ru-HTP; Ru:Ni = 37:63 by ICP-MSmixed Ni-N4 and atomically dispersed Ru-N4 sites; Ru partially replaces Ni sites · 2,3,6,7,10,11-hexaiminotriphenylene (HTP) tritopic linkers2D · PristineHexagonal conductive bimetallic MOF with layered graphene-like honeycomb structure and atomically dispersed Ru-N4 sites.1 · Abstract

Sample register

Sample form, processing state and composition status define the context for measurements.

Show 8 sample records
SampleForm and roleProcessing and geometrySource
Ni-HTP nanowire-array electrode on carbon paperresearch_0613__mat__ni_htpElectrode · Pristine Control · Pristine Frameworkas-prepared Ni-HTP grown directly on carbon paper; cut into cathodes for Li-O2 cellscarbon paper, 1.0 x 2.5 cm2 during synthesis; 10.0 mm diameter cathode pieces for cells · nanowires about 1 um long; carbon fibres about 30 nm diameter2 · Characterization · Figures 1a, S2
Ni-HTP monolayer 1 x 1 DFT modelresearch_0613__mat__ni_htpModel · Model System · Modelcomputational model with adsorbed O2/LiO2/Li2O2 variantsvacuum slab model · vacuum layer about 20 angstrom4 · Computational details
Ni-HTP pelletresearch_0613__mat__ni_htpPellet · Pristine Control · Pristine Frameworkpellet used for two-contact I-V conductivity measurement at 298.25 Knone · L = 2.00 mm; D = 7.00 mm13 · Figure S9 caption · Figure S9
Ni-HTP powderresearch_0613__mat__ni_htpPowder · Pristine Control · Pristine Frameworkpowder analogue synthesised without carbon papernone; same process without carbon paper3 · Experimental Section
NiRu-HTP nanowire-array electrode on carbon paperresearch_0613__mat__niru_htpElectrode · Target Sample · Mixed Metalion-exchanged from Ni-HTP electrode; washed and vacuum driedcarbon paper; 10.0 mm diameter cathode pieces for cells · nanowires about 1 um long; carbon fibres about 30 nm diameter2 · Characterization · Figure 1
NiRu-HTP monolayer 1 x 1 DFT modelresearch_0613__mat__niru_htpModel · Model System · Modelcomputational model obtained by replacing one-third of Ni atoms with Ru atomsvacuum slab model · vacuum layer about 20 angstrom4 · Computational details
NiRu-HTP pelletresearch_0613__mat__niru_htpPellet · Target Sample · Mixed Metalpellet used for two-contact I-V conductivity measurement at 298.25 Knone · L = 2.00 mm; D = 7.00 mm13 · Figure S9 caption · Figure S9
NiRu-HTP powderresearch_0613__mat__niru_htpPowder · Target Sample · Mixed Metalpowder analogue synthesised without carbon paper and Ru ion-exchangednone; same process without carbon paper3 · Experimental Section