Synthesis · Stacking growth of ionically conductive MOF on biofabrics enables reliable NH3 sensor for hepatic encephalopathy diagnosis

5 structured synthesis routes

Completeness describes how fully the route could be reconstructed from the main article and supporting information.

Complete recipeSource: Main

Route 1: Other

p007 · Fabrication of M-HHTP and M-TCPP thin film

Metal precursorsnickel acetate tetrahydrate or copper acetate monohydrate, 5 mM in ethanol

Linker precursorsHHTP or TCPP, 5 mM in ethanol

Solventsethanol; ethanol rinse

Atmosphereambient/air not otherwise specified

Temperatureroom temperature deposition; dried at 70 C after each layer

Time30 s stand after each spray; 10 s ethanol rinse per layer

Substrate orientationfabrics; different metal-ligand combinations deposited independently to avoid cross-contamination

Work-upEthanol rinse and drying at 70 C after each layer.

ActivationNo separate activation reported.

Scalability contextSpraying pressure 160 kPa, ultrasonic atomising nozzle diameter 0.3 mm.

Show 3 structured reagent records

Role	Reagent	Amount / concentration	Source
Metal Source	nickel acetate tetrahydrate (C4H6NiO4.4H2O, >=99%)	0.2 mL sprayed per layer · 5 mM ethanol solution	p007 · Fabrication of M-HHTP and M-TCPP thin film
Metal Source	copper acetate monohydrate (C4H6CuO4.H2O, >=99%)	0.2 mL sprayed per layer · 5 mM ethanol solution	p007 · Fabrication of M-HHTP and M-TCPP thin film
Linker	HHTP or TCPP	0.2 mL sprayed per layer · 5 mM ethanol solution	p007 · Fabrication of M-HHTP and M-TCPP thin film

Complete recipeSource: Main

Route 2: Other

p007 · Fabrication of M-HHTP and M-TCPP thin film

Metal precursorszinc acetate dihydrate, 5 mM in ethanol

Linker precursorsHHTP, 5 mM in ethanol

Solventsethanol; ethanol rinse

Atmosphereambient/air not otherwise specified

Temperatureroom temperature deposition; dried at 70 C after each layer

Time30 s stand after each spray; 10 s ethanol rinse per layer

Substrate orientationalginate fabric substrate

Work-upEthanol rinse after each spray cycle and drying at 70 C.

ActivationNo separate activation reported.

Scalability contextSame spray LBL-LPE protocol as Zn-TCPP.

Show 3 structured reagent records

Role	Reagent	Amount / concentration	Source
Metal Source	zinc acetate dihydrate (C4H6ZnO4.2H2O, >=99%)	0.2 mL sprayed per layer · 5 mM ethanol solution	p007 · Fabrication of M-HHTP and M-TCPP thin film
Linker	HHTP (C18H12O6.xH2O, >=95%)	0.2 mL sprayed per layer · 5 mM ethanol solution	p007 · Fabrication of M-HHTP and M-TCPP thin film
Solvent	anhydrous ethanol	0.5 mL rinse per layer · 99.0 wt.%	p007 · Fabrication of M-HHTP and M-TCPP thin film

Complete recipeSource: Main

Route 3: Hydrothermal

p008 · Fabrication of Zn-TCPP and Zn-HHTP powder thin film

Metal precursorszinc acetate, 5 mM ethanol solution

Linker precursorsHHTP, equal 5 mM ethanol solution

Solventsethanol; acetone-water-ethanol wash

Atmospherenot specified

Temperature70 C hydrothermal reaction; vacuum drying at 60 C; annealed at 70 C during film build

Time24 h hydrothermal reaction; 12 h vacuum drying; 30 min ultrasonication

Substrate orientationpowder suspension deposited onto electrode substrate by mechanical spray gun

Work-upWashed by acetone-water-ethanol ultrasonication and dried under vacuum at 60 C for 12 h.

ActivationNo separate activation reported.

Scalability contextMechanical spray gun deposition after powder dispersion.

Show 3 structured reagent records

Role	Reagent	Amount / concentration	Source
Metal Source	zinc acetate	5 mM ethanol solution	p008 · Fabrication of Zn-TCPP and Zn-HHTP powder thin film
Linker	HHTP	5 mM ethanol solution	p008 · Fabrication of Zn-TCPP and Zn-HHTP powder thin film
Solvent	ethanol	Not specified	p008 · Fabrication of Zn-TCPP and Zn-HHTP powder thin film

Complete recipeSource: Main

Route 4: Other

p007 · Fabrication of M-HHTP and M-TCPP thin film

Metal precursorszinc acetate dihydrate (C4H6ZnO4.2H2O), 5 mM in ethanol

Linker precursorsTCPP, 5 mM in ethanol

Solventsethanol; ethanol rinse

Atmosphereambient/air not otherwise specified

Temperatureroom temperature deposition; dried at 70 C after each layer

Time30 s stand after each spray; 10 s ethanol rinse per layer

Substrate orientationalginate fabric substrate; other fabric substrates prepared independently

Work-upAfter each metal acetate/ligand spray, the layer was rinsed with 0.5 mL ethanol for 10 s and dried at 70 C.

ActivationNo separate activation reported.

Scalability contextSpray-based LBL-LPE at 160 kPa with 0.3 mm ultrasonic atomising nozzle; 0.2 mL metal acetate/ligand solution per layer.

Show 3 structured reagent records

Role	Reagent	Amount / concentration	Source
Metal Source	zinc acetate dihydrate (C4H6ZnO4.2H2O, >=99%)	0.2 mL sprayed per layer · 5 mM ethanol solution	p007 · Fabrication of M-HHTP and M-TCPP thin film
Linker	TCPP (C48H30N4O8, >=97%)	0.2 mL sprayed per layer · 5 mM ethanol solution	p007 · Fabrication of M-HHTP and M-TCPP thin film
Solvent	anhydrous ethanol	0.5 mL rinse per layer · 99.0 wt.%	p007 · Fabrication of M-HHTP and M-TCPP thin film

Complete recipeSource: Main

Route 5: Hydrothermal

p008 · Fabrication of Zn-TCPP and Zn-HHTP powder thin film

Metal precursorszinc acetate, 5 mM ethanol solution

Linker precursorsTCPP, equal 5 mM ethanol solution

Solventsethanol; acetone-water-ethanol wash

Atmospherenot specified

Temperature70 C hydrothermal reaction; vacuum drying at 60 C; annealed at 70 C during film build

Time24 h hydrothermal reaction; 12 h vacuum drying; 30 min ultrasonication

Substrate orientationpowder suspension deposited onto electrode substrate by mechanical spray gun

Work-upWashed by acetone-water-ethanol ultrasonication and dried under vacuum at 60 C for 12 h; powder dispersed in ethanol at 40 kHz for 30 min.

ActivationNo separate activation reported.

Scalability contextMechanical spray gun deposition: atomisation pressure 160 kPa, ultrasonic nozzle 0.3 mm, injection rate 0.2 mL/layer.

Show 3 structured reagent records

Role	Reagent	Amount / concentration	Source
Metal Source	zinc acetate	5 mM ethanol solution	p008 · Fabrication of Zn-TCPP and Zn-HHTP powder thin film
Linker	TCPP	5 mM ethanol solution	p008 · Fabrication of Zn-TCPP and Zn-HHTP powder thin film
Solvent	ethanol	Not specified	p008 · Fabrication of Zn-TCPP and Zn-HHTP powder thin film