Spectroscopy

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR)

A-Cu-HHTP nanosheet powder · Nanosheet

FT-IR spectra for Cu-HHTPs used to assign C=C, C-O/C=O, and Cu-O vibrations.

Context: Pristine Cu-HHTP powders
Measurement source: 2 · XPS spectra, FT-IR spectra, pore size and impedance matching · Figure S2a

Property	Reported value	Normalised value	Uncertainty	Origin and quality	Source
FT-IR C=C stretching vibration	near 1450 cm-1	—	—	Text Approximate	3 · 3.1 · Figure S2a
FT-IR C-O/C=O stretching vibration	near 1214 cm-1	—	—	Text Approximate	3 · 3.1 · Figure S2a
FT-IR Cu-O stretching vibration	near 714 cm-1	—	—	Text Approximate	3 · 3.1 · Figure S2a

A-Cu-HHTP nanosheet powder · Nanosheet

Survey and high-resolution C 1s, O 1s, and Cu 2p spectra for Cu-HHTP samples; Figure 3 and Figure S1.

Context: Pristine Cu-HHTP powders; A-Cu-HHTP in main figure, B/C in SI figure.
Measurement source: 3-4 · 3.1 · Figure 3; Figure S1

Property	Reported value	Normalised value	Uncertainty	Origin and quality	Source
C 1s C=O binding energy	288.7 eV	—	—	Text Exact Reported	3 · 3.1 · Figure 3c; Figure S1a1,b1
C 1s C-C/C=C binding energy	284.8 eV	—	—	Text Exact Reported	3 · 3.1 · Figure 3c; Figure S1a1,b1
C 1s C-O binding energy	286.2 eV	—	—	Text Exact Reported	3 · 3.1 · Figure 3c; Figure S1a1,b1
Cu+ 2p3/2 binding energy	933.04 eV	—	—	Text Exact Reported	3 · 3.1 · Figure 3e; Figure S1a3,b3
Cu2+ 2p3/2 binding energy	934.68 eV	—	—	Text Exact Reported	3 · 3.1 · Figure 3e; Figure S1a3,b3
O 1s C-O binding energy	531.94 eV	—	—	Text Exact Reported	3 · 3.1 · Figure 3d; Figure S1a2,b2
O 1s C=O binding energy	533.69 eV	—	—	Text Exact Reported	3 · 3.1 · Figure 3d; Figure S1a2,b2
*O 1s pi-pi binding energy**	536.1 eV	—	—	Text Exact Reported	3 · 3.1 · Figure 3d; Figure S1a2,b2