Primary studyCore evidenceTransport Physics

In situ construction of a dual-metal 2D conjugated metal-organic framework on carbon paper for asymmetric supercapacitors

Qian L., Tong Z., Jia Y. et al. · Electrochemistry Communications · 2025 · 108077

12materials
12samples
7synthesis routes
13measurements
93results
5claims and caveats

Evidence map

Open a family to keep every result attached to its sample, method and conditions.

Author interpretations and caveats

Paraphrased for this database from the authors’ stated interpretations — never quoted verbatim — and kept separate from reported measurements.

Application RelevanceSupport assessment: High

The Co/Ni-HHTP@CP||AC asymmetric supercapacitor combines high energy density, high power density, and good cycling stability for energy-storage applications.

Caveat: Benchmarking against most MOF supercapacitors is asserted by the authors; this extraction records only first-hand values from this paper.

5 · 3. Results and discussion · Figure 4 · Linked to 10 structured results

CaveatSupport assessment: High

Although the paper discusses enhanced electron transport and lower resistance, it does not report a direct electronic conductivity value for the c-MOF powders or composites in the provided documents.

Caveat: EIS resistance is an electrochemical/device transport proxy, not a four-probe or two-probe electronic conductivity measurement.

5 · 3. Results and discussion · Figures 3c and 4c · Linked to 1 structured result

Composite RoleSupport assessment: High

Activated carbon paper provides oxygen-containing groups that coordinate metal ions, strengthen Co/Ni-HHTP@CP interfacial bonding, and improve thermal/electrochemical stability.

Caveat: The chemical-bonding interpretation is based on XPS shifts and morphology/TGA evidence, not a direct structural refinement of the CP interface.

3-5 · 3. Results and discussion · Figures 2 and S5 · Linked to 5 structured results

Structure Property LinkSupport assessment: High

The Co/Ni metal pair gives a stronger synergistic effect than Co/Cu or Cu/Ni, improving redox activity and charge storage.

Caveat: Exact capacitance values for Co/Cu-HHTP@CP and Cu/Ni-HHTP@CP at each current density are only shown graphically in the supplied main-page render and are not text-reported.

5 · 3. Results and discussion · Figure 3 · Linked to 4 structured results

Transport MechanismSupport assessment: High

Charge storage in Co/Ni-HHTP@CP is dominated by diffusion-controlled Faradaic reactions rather than surface-capacitance dominance.

Caveat: Full comparison-electrode contribution values beyond the text-reported 10 mV s-1 point were read from percentage labels in rendered SI Figure S8.

5 · 3. Results and discussion · Figure 3d,e · Linked to 9 structured results

Material identities

Names and aliases are kept exactly within the paper’s own identity model.

MaterialCompositionStructure contextSource
activated carbon papercarbon paper with oxygen-containing surface groupsunknown · UnknownAcid-oxidised carbon paper substrate bearing -OH, >C=O, and -COOH groups.2 · 2.1. Carbon paper activation treatment · Figure S3
Co-HHTPBrowse family: Co₃(HHTP)₂ / Co–HHTPCo-HHTPCo sites · HHTP2D · PristineSingle-metal HHTP MOF shown by SEM in the SI; synthesis details not reported in the provided text layer.Figure captions · Figure S2
Co/Cu-HHTPBrowse family: Cu/Co–HHTP familyCo/Cu-HHTP, Co/Cu = 1:1 feed ratiomixed Co and Cu sites · HHTP2D · PristineBimetallic HHTP conductive MOF with less regular nanorod-like morphology than Co/Ni-HHTP.Preparation method
Co/Cu-HHTP@CPBrowse family: Cu/Co–HHTP familyCo/Cu-HHTP grown on carbon papermixed Co and Cu sites · HHTP2D · CompositeBimetallic HHTP conductive MOF composite electrode on carbon paper.2 · 2.2. Synthesis of M1/M2-HHTP@CP electrode materials · Figure S4
Co/Ni-HHTPBrowse family: Ni/Co–HHTP familyCo/Ni-HHTP, Co/Ni = 1:1 feed ratiomixed Co and Ni sites · HHTP2D · PristineNanorod-like bimetallic HHTP conductive MOF with honeycomb-like layered structure.Preparation method
Co/Ni-HHTP@CPBrowse family: Ni/Co–HHTP familyCo/Ni-HHTP grown on carbon papermixed Co and Ni sites coordinated to HHTP and interacting with oxygen groups on CP · HHTP2D · CompositeCo/Ni-HHTP nanorods grown on activated carbon paper as a composite electrode.2 · 2.2. Synthesis of M1/M2-HHTP@CP electrode materials · Figure 1e,f
Co/Ni-HHTP@CP||AC asymmetric supercapacitorBrowse family: Ni/Co–HHTP familyCo/Ni-HHTP@CP positive electrode || activated carbon negative electrode in 1 M KOHCo/Ni sites in positive c-MOF electrode · HHTP in positive electrode2D · CompositeApplication device assembled from Co/Ni-HHTP@CP and activated carbon electrodes.5 · 3. Results and discussion · Figure 4
Cu-HHTPBrowse family: Cu₃(HHTP)₂ / Cu–HHTPCu-HHTPCu sites · HHTP2D · PristineSingle-metal HHTP MOF shown by SEM in the SI; synthesis details not reported in the provided text layer.Figure captions · Figure S2
Cu/Ni-HHTPBrowse family: Cu/Ni–HHTP familyCu/Ni-HHTP, Cu/Ni = 1:1 feed ratiomixed Cu and Ni sites · HHTP2D · PristineBimetallic HHTP conductive MOF with less regular nanorod-like morphology than Co/Ni-HHTP.Preparation method
Cu/Ni-HHTP@CPBrowse family: Cu/Ni–HHTP familyCu/Ni-HHTP grown on carbon papermixed Cu and Ni sites · HHTP2D · CompositeBimetallic HHTP conductive MOF composite electrode on carbon paper.2 · 2.2. Synthesis of M1/M2-HHTP@CP electrode materials · Figure S4
M1/M2-HHTP bimetallic 2D conjugated MOF seriesCo_xNi_(3-x)(HHTP*)2 used as representative; M1/M2 = Co/Ni, Co/Cu, or Cu/Nibimetallic Co/Ni, Co/Cu, or Cu/Ni oxygen-coordinated metal sites · 2,3,6,7,10,11-hexahydroxytriphenylene (HHTP)2D · PristineLayered honeycomb-like 2D pi-d conjugated framework assigned by XRD peaks and simulated patterns.2 · 3. Results and discussion · Figure 1d
Ni-HHTPBrowse family: Ni₃(HHTP)₂ / Ni–HHTPNi-HHTPNi sites · HHTP2D · PristineSingle-metal HHTP MOF shown by SEM in the SI; synthesis details not reported in the provided text layer.Figure captions · Figure S2

Sample register

Sample form, processing state and composition status define the context for measurements.

Show 12 sample records
SampleForm and roleProcessing and geometrySource
hydrophilic activated carbon paperresearch_0092__mat__mat_activated_cpElectrode · Composite Component · Derived Carbonnitric acid reflux, sulfuric acid/potassium dichromate soak, solvent/water rinsing, vacuum dryingToray TGPH 060 carbon paper · 0.2 mm; piece size 1 x 1.2 cm2 · 2.1. Carbon paper activation treatment · Figure S3
Co-HHTP powderresearch_0092__mat__mat_co_hhtpPowder · Pristine Control · Pristine Frameworknot reported in provided text layerFigure captions · Figure S2
Co/Cu-HHTP powderresearch_0092__mat__mat_cocu_hhtpPowder · Pristine Control · Mixed Metalsolution synthesis at 85 C for 24 h; washed with deionised water and acetone; vacuum dried at 60 CPreparation method
Co/Cu-HHTP@CP electroderesearch_0092__mat__mat_cocu_hhtp_cpElectrode · Composite Sample · Compositesimilar in situ growth on activated CP with Co/Cu metals at 1:1 ratioactivated carbon paper2 · 2.2. Synthesis of M1/M2-HHTP@CP electrode materials · Figure S4
Co/Ni-HHTP powderresearch_0092__mat__mat_coni_hhtpPowder · Pristine Control · Mixed Metalsolvothermal/solution synthesis at 85 C for 24 h; washed with deionised water and acetone; vacuum dried at 60 CPreparation method
Co/Ni-HHTP@CP electroderesearch_0092__mat__mat_coni_hhtp_cpElectrode · Target Sample · Compositein situ growth on activated CP at 85 C for 24 h; washed and vacuum dried at 60 Cactivated carbon paper2 · 2.2. Synthesis of M1/M2-HHTP@CP electrode materials · Figure 1e,f
Co/Ni-HHTP@CP||AC asymmetric supercapacitorresearch_0092__mat__mat_coni_hhtp_cp_ac_deviceElectrode · Composite Sample · Compositemass-balanced asymmetric supercapacitor in 1 M KOHCo/Ni-HHTP@CP positive electrode and activated carbon negative electrode5 · 3. Results and discussion · Figure 4
Cu-HHTP powderresearch_0092__mat__mat_cu_hhtpPowder · Pristine Control · Pristine Frameworknot reported in provided text layerFigure captions · Figure S2
Cu/Ni-HHTP powderresearch_0092__mat__mat_cuni_hhtpPowder · Pristine Control · Mixed Metalsolution synthesis at 85 C for 24 h; washed with deionised water and acetone; vacuum dried at 60 CPreparation method
Cu/Ni-HHTP@CP electroderesearch_0092__mat__mat_cuni_hhtp_cpElectrode · Composite Sample · Compositesimilar in situ growth on activated CP with Cu/Ni metals at 1:1 ratioactivated carbon paper2 · 2.2. Synthesis of M1/M2-HHTP@CP electrode materials · Figure S4
M1/M2-HHTP powder seriesresearch_0092__mat__mat_m1m2_hhtp_seriesPowder · Paper Level Unspecified · Mixed Metalbimetallic HHTP powders used for XRD series comparison2 · 3. Results and discussion · Figure 1d
Ni-HHTP powderresearch_0092__mat__mat_ni_hhtpPowder · Pristine Control · Pristine Frameworknot reported in provided text layerFigure captions · Figure S2