Primary studyCore evidenceTransport Physics

Employing Triphenylene-Based, Layered, Conductive Metal-Organic Framework Materials as Electrochemical Sensors for Nitric Oxide in Aqueous Media

Ambrogi E.K., Li Y., Chandra P. et al. · ACS Sensors · 2025 · 553-562

5materials
15samples
8synthesis routes
16measurements
54results
5claims and caveats

Evidence map

Open a family to keep every result attached to its sample, method and conditions.

Author interpretations and caveats

Paraphrased for this database from the authors’ stated interpretations — never quoted verbatim — and kept separate from reported measurements.

Application RelevanceSupport assessment: High

Optimised Ni3(HHTP)2-based electrodes detected NO at nanomolar concentrations in PBS using both GCE and screen-printed architectures.

Caveat: Detection in simulated wound fluid showed micromolar LODs because of decreased sensitivity/biofouling.

559-560 · Nitric Oxide Sensing with Screen-Printed Electrodes; Conclusions · Figures 5-6; Table S6 · Linked to 3 structured results

Application RelevanceSupport assessment: High

Pristine Ni3(HHTP)2 and Cu3(HHTP)2 electrodes showed the strongest voltammetric NO signal enhancements among the four HHTP MOFs.

Caveat: Co3(HHTP)2 had intrinsic redox activity near the NO window; pristine films had limited cycling stability.

556 · Comparison of Nitric Oxide Detection Performance · Figure 2 · Linked to 4 structured results

CaveatSupport assessment: High

Simulated wound fluid reduced the sensitivity of Ni3(HHTP)2@SPE electrodes and indicated a need for further anti-biofouling development.

Caveat: Only simulated wound fluid was tested; no in vivo or real wound sample data were reported.

559-560 · Nitric Oxide Sensing with Screen-Printed Electrodes; Conclusions · Figures S39-S42; Table S6 · Linked to 3 structured results

Composite RoleSupport assessment: High

A PEDOT:PSS adhesive layer stabilised Ni3(HHTP)2 films on smooth glassy carbon while retaining moderate NO signal enhancement.

Caveat: The adhesive layer reduced peak current relative to pristine Ni3(HHTP)2 but greatly reduced signal decay.

557-558 · Stabilization of MOF Films with Polymers · Figure 4 · Linked to 4 structured results

Structure Property LinkSupport assessment: High

The metal centre identity, not simply surface area or layer stacking, is the primary driver of NO sensitivity in the HHTP MOF series.

Caveat: No direct NO binding measurement was reported; mechanism inferred from electrochemical trends and literature.

556 and 560 · Results and Discussion; Conclusions · Figure 2; Table S1 · Linked to 6 structured results

Material identities

Names and aliases are kept exactly within the paper’s own identity model.

MaterialCompositionStructure contextSource
Co3(HHTP)2Browse family: Co₃(HHTP)₂ / Co–HHTPCo3(HHTP)2Co2+ · 2,3,6,7,10,11-hexahydroxytriphenylene (HHTP)2D · PristineLayered conductive HHTP MOF; ABAB stacking with intercalated layers.554-555 · Characterization of HHTP MOFs · Figure 1
Bare carbon control electrodesNot specifiedunknown · Model SystemGlassy carbon and carbon-paste screen-printed electrodes used as non-MOF controls.557-559 · Amperometric Detection; Nitric Oxide Sensing with Screen-Printed Electrodes · Figures 5-6
Cu3(HHTP)2Browse family: Cu₃(HHTP)₂ / Cu–HHTPCu3(HHTP)2Cu2+ · 2,3,6,7,10,11-hexahydroxytriphenylene (HHTP)2D · PristineLayered conductive HHTP MOF; AAAA/slipped-parallel stacking without intercalated layer.555 · Characterization of HHTP MOFs · Figure 1
Ni3(HHTP)2Browse family: Ni₃(HHTP)₂ / Ni–HHTPNi3(HHTP)2Ni2+ · 2,3,6,7,10,11-hexahydroxytriphenylene (HHTP)2D · PristineLayered conductive HHTP MOF; ABAB stacking with intercalated layers.554-555 · Characterization of HHTP MOFs · Figure 1
Zn3(HHTP)2Browse family: Zn–HHTP familyZn3(HHTP)2Zn2+ · 2,3,6,7,10,11-hexahydroxytriphenylene (HHTP)2D · PristineLayered HHTP MOF; diffraction resembles slipped-parallel/AAAA-type Cu3(HHTP)2 packing.555 · Characterization of HHTP MOFs · Figure 1

Sample register

Sample form, processing state and composition status define the context for measurements.

Show 15 sample records
SampleForm and roleProcessing and geometrySource
Bare glassy carbon electroderesearch_0194__mat__control_electrodesElectrode · Model System · ModelPolished, unmodified control electrode.3 mm diameter glassy carbon electrode557-558 · Amperometric Detection of Nitric Oxide · Figure 5
Bare screen-printed electroderesearch_0194__mat__control_electrodesElectrode · Model System · ModelUnmodified printed working electrode used as WE2 control.Carbon-paste screen-printed electrode on PET558-559 · Nitric Oxide Sensing with Ni3(HHTP)2-Functionalized Screen-Printed Electrodes · Figure 6
Co3(HHTP)2 dropcast on glassy carbon electroderesearch_0194__mat__co_hhtpElectrode · Target Sample · Pristine FrameworkDropcast thin-film working electrode.3 mm diameter glassy carbon electrode · two 2.5 uL drops of MOF suspension555 · General Preparation of HHTP MOF Electrodes
Co3(HHTP)2 microcrystalline powderresearch_0194__mat__co_hhtpPowder · Pristine Control · Pristine FrameworkHydrothermally prepared, activated powder.S3 · Synthesis Of Triphenylene-Based Metal-Organic Frameworks · Figure S1
Cu3(HHTP)2 dropcast on glassy carbon electroderesearch_0194__mat__cu_hhtpElectrode · Target Sample · Pristine FrameworkDropcast thin-film working electrode.3 mm diameter glassy carbon electrode · two 2.5 uL drops of MOF suspension555 · General Preparation of HHTP MOF Electrodes
Cu3(HHTP)2 microcrystalline powderresearch_0194__mat__cu_hhtpPowder · Pristine Control · Pristine FrameworkHydrothermally prepared, activated powder.S4 · Synthesis Of Triphenylene-Based Metal-Organic Frameworks · Figure S1
Ni3(HHTP)2 dropcast on glassy carbon electroderesearch_0194__mat__ni_hhtpElectrode · Target Sample · Pristine FrameworkDropcast thin-film working electrode.3 mm diameter glassy carbon electrode · two 2.5 uL drops of MOF suspension555 · General Preparation of HHTP MOF Electrodes
Nafion@Ni3(HHTP)2@GCEresearch_0194__mat__ni_hhtpElectrode · Composite Sample · CompositePolymer coating on top of MOF film.3 mm diameter glassy carbon electrode · 5 uL Nafion solution coated on Ni3(HHTP)2 filmS7 · Polymer Coatings · Figure S26
Ni3(HHTP)2@PEDOT:PSS@GCEresearch_0194__mat__ni_hhtpElectrode · Composite Sample · CompositeMOF film deposited on conductive polymer adhesive layer.PEDOT:PSS adhesive layer on glassy carbon electrode · 2.5 uL 0.3-0.4% PEDOT:PSS adhesive layer plus two 2.5 uL MOF suspension dropsS7-S8 · Preparation of HHTP MOF Electrodes
Ni3(HHTP)2 + PEDOT:PSS@GCEresearch_0194__mat__ni_hhtpElectrode · Composite Sample · CompositePEDOT:PSS mixed into MOF suspension as a binder.3 mm diameter glassy carbon electrode · two 2-2.5 uL drops of Ni3(HHTP)2/PEDOT:PSS suspensionS7 · Polymer Binders · Table S2
Ni3(HHTP)2 microcrystalline powderresearch_0194__mat__ni_hhtpPowder · Target Sample · Pristine FrameworkHydrothermally prepared, activated powder.S3 · Synthesis Of Triphenylene-Based Metal-Organic Frameworks · Figure S1
PPD@Ni3(HHTP)2@GCEresearch_0194__mat__ni_hhtpElectrode · Composite Sample · CompositePoly(o-phenylenediamine) coating tested with Ni3(HHTP)2.3 mm diameter glassy carbon electrode · electropolymerised PPD coatingS7 · Polymer Coatings · Figure S24
Ni3(HHTP)2@SPEresearch_0194__mat__ni_hhtpElectrode · Composite Sample · CompositeNi3(HHTP)2-functionalised working electrode in miniaturised SPE device.Carbon-paste screen-printed electrode on PET · two 0.5 uL drops on WE1S8 · Preparation of Ni3(HHTP)2-functionalized screen-printed electrodes · Figures S35-S37
Zn3(HHTP)2 dropcast on glassy carbon electroderesearch_0194__mat__zn_hhtpElectrode · Target Sample · Pristine FrameworkDropcast thin-film working electrode.3 mm diameter glassy carbon electrode · two 2.5 uL drops of MOF suspension555 · General Preparation of HHTP MOF Electrodes
Zn3(HHTP)2 microcrystalline powderresearch_0194__mat__zn_hhtpPowder · Pristine Control · Pristine FrameworkHydrothermally prepared, activated powder.555 · Experimental Methods