Synthesis · Conductive Metal–Organic Frameworks Anchoring on V3O7·H2O Nanobelts Toward High-Capacity and Long-Life Zinc-Ion Batteries

7 structured synthesis routes

Completeness describes how fully the route could be reconstructed from the main article and supporting information.

Partial recipeSource: SI

Route 1: Other

SI text · S1.3 Electrochemical characterization

SolventsN-methyl-2-pyrodanone (NMP)

AdditivesAcetylene black (Super-P) and PVDF binder

AtmosphereVacuum drying at 60 C

Temperature60

Substrate orientationSlurry scraped onto carbon paper

Work-upUniform slurry coating onto carbon paper followed by vacuum drying.

ActivationNo electrode activation before testing reported.

Scalability contextMass loading 2-3 mg cm-2.

Show 4 structured reagent records

Role	Reagent	Amount / concentration	Source
Other	active material	7 parts by weight	SI text · S1.3 Electrochemical characterization
Additive	acetylene black (Super-P)	2 parts by weight	SI text · S1.3 Electrochemical characterization
Additive	polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)	1 part by weight	SI text · S1.3 Electrochemical characterization
Solvent	N-methyl-2-pyrodanone (NMP)	Not specified	SI text · S1.3 Electrochemical characterization

Complete recipeSource: SI

Route 2: Hydrothermal

SI text · S1.1.1. Synthesis of Cu-HHTP conductive MOFs

Metal precursorsAnhydrous copper acetate, Cu(OAc)2, 0.6 mmol

Linker precursorsHHTP powder, 0.3 mmol

Solvents10 mL isopropanol for HHTP dispersion; 10 mL deionised water for Cu(OAc)2 solution; washed with DI water, DMF, and ethanol

AtmosphereNot specified; room-temperature stirring then sealed autoclave in preheated oven

Temperature85

Time12

Work-upCollected by centrifugation and washed several times with DI water, N,N-dimethylformamide, and ethanol.

ActivationNo separate activation reported; final black powders obtained after washing.

Scalability contextBatch uses 20 mL total solvent in an autoclave.

Show 6 structured reagent records

Role	Reagent	Amount / concentration	Source
Linker	HHTP powder	0.3 mmol	SI text · S1.1.1. Synthesis of Cu-HHTP conductive MOFs
Metal Source	anhydrous copper acetate (Cu(OAc)2)	0.6 mmol	SI text · S1.1.1. Synthesis of Cu-HHTP conductive MOFs
Solvent	isopropanol	10 mL	SI text · S1.1.1. Synthesis of Cu-HHTP conductive MOFs
Solvent	deionized water (DI)	10 mL	SI text · S1.1.1. Synthesis of Cu-HHTP conductive MOFs
Solvent	N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF)	wash solvent	SI text · S1.1.1. Synthesis of Cu-HHTP conductive MOFs
Solvent	ethanol	wash solvent	SI text · S1.1.1. Synthesis of Cu-HHTP conductive MOFs

Partial recipeSource: SI

Route 3: Other

SI text · S1.1.3. Synthesis of polyacrylamide (PAM) gel electrolyte

Solvents3 M Zn(CF3SO3)2 electrolyte, 15 mL

AdditivesPotassium persulfate initiator and N,N'-methylene-bis(acrylamide) crosslinker

AtmosphereNot specified

Substrate orientationInjected into a 100 mm x 70 mm x 2 mm mould

Oxidant / reductantPotassium persulfate initiator

Work-upMixture stirred thoroughly and injected into mould for polymerisation.

ActivationNo activation reported.

Scalability contextMould dimensions 100 mm x 70 mm x 2 mm.

Show 4 structured reagent records

Role	Reagent	Amount / concentration	Source
Other	acrylamide monomer powder	2 g	SI text · S1.1.3. Synthesis of polyacrylamide (PAM) gel electrolyte
Electrolyte	Zn(CF3SO3)2 electrolyte	15 mL · 3 M	SI text · S1.1.3. Synthesis of polyacrylamide (PAM) gel electrolyte
Oxidant	potassium persulfate	10 mg	SI text · S1.1.3. Synthesis of polyacrylamide (PAM) gel electrolyte
Additive	N,N'-methylene-bis(acrylamide)	20 mg	SI text · S1.1.3. Synthesis of polyacrylamide (PAM) gel electrolyte

Partial recipeSource: SI

Route 4: Hydrothermal

SI text · S1.1.2. Synthesis of V3O7.H2O and VO@Cu-HHTP

Metal precursorsCommercial V2O5 powder, 0.6 g; pre-synthesised Cu-HHTP, 0.025 g

Linker precursorsHHTP already present in pre-synthesised Cu-HHTP

Solvents60 mL deionised water; wash with DI water and ethanol

Additives8 mL H2O2 added dropwise

AtmosphereNot specified; 100 mL Teflon-lined autoclave

Temperature200

Time48

Oxidant / reductantH2O2

Work-upAfter cooling to room temperature, precipitates were thoroughly washed with DI water and ethanol; dried, with drying conditions not specified.

ActivationNo activation reported.

Scalability context100 mL Teflon-lined autoclave.

Show 5 structured reagent records

Role	Reagent	Amount / concentration	Source
Metal Source	commercial V2O5 powders	0.6 g	SI text · S1.1.2. Synthesis of V3O7.H2O and VO@Cu-HHTP
Additive	Cu-HHTP	0.025 g	SI text · S1.1.2. Synthesis of V3O7.H2O and VO@Cu-HHTP
Solvent	deionized water (DI)	60 mL	SI text · S1.1.2. Synthesis of V3O7.H2O and VO@Cu-HHTP
Oxidant	H2O2	8 mL	SI text · S1.1.2. Synthesis of V3O7.H2O and VO@Cu-HHTP
Solvent	ethanol	wash solvent	SI text · S1.1.2. Synthesis of V3O7.H2O and VO@Cu-HHTP

Partial recipeSource: SI

Route 5: Hydrothermal

SI text · S1.1.2. Synthesis of V3O7.H2O and VO@Cu-HHTP

Metal precursorsCommercial V2O5 powder, 0.6 g; pre-synthesised Cu-HHTP, 0.05 g

Linker precursorsHHTP already present in pre-synthesised Cu-HHTP

Solvents60 mL deionised water; wash with DI water and ethanol

Additives8 mL H2O2 added dropwise

AtmosphereNot specified; 100 mL Teflon-lined autoclave

Temperature200

Time48

Oxidant / reductantH2O2

Work-upAfter cooling to room temperature, precipitates were thoroughly washed with DI water and ethanol; dried, with drying conditions not specified.

ActivationNo activation reported.

Scalability context100 mL Teflon-lined autoclave.

Show 5 structured reagent records

Role	Reagent	Amount / concentration	Source
Metal Source	commercial V2O5 powders	0.6 g	SI text · S1.1.2. Synthesis of V3O7.H2O and VO@Cu-HHTP
Additive	Cu-HHTP	0.05 g	SI text · S1.1.2. Synthesis of V3O7.H2O and VO@Cu-HHTP
Solvent	deionized water (DI)	60 mL	SI text · S1.1.2. Synthesis of V3O7.H2O and VO@Cu-HHTP
Oxidant	H2O2	8 mL	SI text · S1.1.2. Synthesis of V3O7.H2O and VO@Cu-HHTP
Solvent	ethanol	wash solvent	SI text · S1.1.2. Synthesis of V3O7.H2O and VO@Cu-HHTP

Partial recipeSource: SI

Route 6: Hydrothermal

SI text · S1.1.2. Synthesis of V3O7.H2O and VO@Cu-HHTP

Metal precursorsCommercial V2O5 powder, 0.6 g; pre-synthesised Cu-HHTP, 0.075 g

Linker precursorsHHTP already present in pre-synthesised Cu-HHTP

Solvents60 mL deionised water; wash with DI water and ethanol

Additives8 mL H2O2 added dropwise

AtmosphereNot specified; 100 mL Teflon-lined autoclave

Temperature200

Time48

Oxidant / reductantH2O2

Work-upAfter cooling to room temperature, precipitates were thoroughly washed with DI water and ethanol; dried, with drying conditions not specified.

ActivationNo activation reported.

Scalability context100 mL Teflon-lined autoclave.

Show 5 structured reagent records

Role	Reagent	Amount / concentration	Source
Metal Source	commercial V2O5 powders	0.6 g	SI text · S1.1.2. Synthesis of V3O7.H2O and VO@Cu-HHTP
Additive	Cu-HHTP	0.075 g	SI text · S1.1.2. Synthesis of V3O7.H2O and VO@Cu-HHTP
Solvent	deionized water (DI)	60 mL	SI text · S1.1.2. Synthesis of V3O7.H2O and VO@Cu-HHTP
Oxidant	H2O2	8 mL	SI text · S1.1.2. Synthesis of V3O7.H2O and VO@Cu-HHTP
Solvent	ethanol	wash solvent	SI text · S1.1.2. Synthesis of V3O7.H2O and VO@Cu-HHTP

Partial recipeSource: SI

Route 7: Hydrothermal

SI text · S1.1.2. Synthesis of V3O7.H2O and VO@Cu-HHTP

Metal precursorsCommercial V2O5 powder, 0.6 g

Solvents60 mL deionised water; wash with DI water and ethanol

Additives8 mL H2O2 added dropwise

AtmosphereNot specified; Teflon-lined autoclave

Temperature200

Time48

Oxidant / reductantH2O2

Work-upAfter cooling to room temperature, precipitates were washed thoroughly with DI water and ethanol; drying mentioned but conditions not specified.

ActivationNo activation reported.

Scalability context100 mL Teflon-lined autoclave.

Show 4 structured reagent records

Role	Reagent	Amount / concentration	Source
Metal Source	commercial V2O5 powders	0.6 g	SI text · S1.1.2. Synthesis of V3O7.H2O and VO@Cu-HHTP
Solvent	deionized water (DI)	60 mL	SI text · S1.1.2. Synthesis of V3O7.H2O and VO@Cu-HHTP
Oxidant	H2O2	8 mL	SI text · S1.1.2. Synthesis of V3O7.H2O and VO@Cu-HHTP
Solvent	ethanol	wash solvent	SI text · S1.1.2. Synthesis of V3O7.H2O and VO@Cu-HHTP