Electrochemistry Application — Encapsulating metal organic framework into hollow mesoporous carbon sphere as efficient oxygen bifunctional electrocatalyst

19 measurement groups · 68 results

Reported values remain attached to the sample, method, conditions, extraction quality and source location that produced them.

Rechargeable Zn-air battery polarisation and galvanostatic charge/discharge cycling

Galvanostatic cycling

ZIF@HMCS-25% Zn-air battery air cathode · Electrode

Zn plate anode, ZIF@HMCS-25% air cathode, 6 M KOH/0.2 M zinc acetate electrolyte; cycling at 5 mA cm^-2

Atmosphere: air/O2 cathode
Geometry: home-made Zn-air battery; carbon paper 3 cm x 3 cm
Context: application device using target composite
Measurement source: 615-616 · Results and discussion · Fig. 5

Property	Reported value	Normalised value	Uncertainty	Origin and quality	Source
Charge potential after 80 h cycling	1.98 V after 80 h	—	—	Text Exact Reported	616 · Results and discussion · Fig. 5d
Discharge potential after 80 h cycling	1.03 V after 80 h	—	—	Text Exact Reported	616 · Results and discussion · Fig. 5d
Charge/discharge voltage gap after 80 h cyclingMarked as a best value within this paper	0.95 V	—	—	Text Exact Reported	616 · Results and discussion · Fig. 5d
Current density at peak battery power	171.4 mA cm^-2	—	—	Text Exact Reported	616 · Results and discussion · Fig. 5b
Initial charge potential	2.04 V at 5 mA cm^-2	—	—	Text Exact Reported	616 · Results and discussion · Fig. 5d
Initial discharge potential	1.00 V at 5 mA cm^-2	—	—	Text Exact Reported	616 · Results and discussion · Fig. 5d
Initial charge/discharge voltage gap	1.04 V	—	—	Text Exact Reported	616 · Results and discussion · Fig. 5d
Zn-air battery open-circuit potential	~1.38 V	—	—	Text Approximate	616 · Results and discussion · Fig. 5b-c
Zn-air battery peak power densityMarked as a best value within this paper	120.2 mW cm^-2 at 171.4 mA cm^-2	—	—	Text Exact Reported	616 · Results and discussion · Fig. 5b

Double-layer capacitance from cyclic voltammograms at different scan rates

ZIF@HMCS-m series · Powder

CV sweep rates 5-50 mV s^-1; used to estimate ECSA

Geometry: RDE electrode
Context: series comparison
Measurement source: 615 · Results and discussion · Fig. 4c; Fig. S8

Property	Reported value	Normalised value	Uncertainty	Origin and quality	Source
Double-layer capacitance of HMCS	18.94 mF cm^-2 from Fig. 4c line label	—	—	Figure Axis Approximate	614 · Figure · Fig. 4c
Double-layer capacitance of ZIF-67	0.11 mF cm^-2 from Fig. 4c line label	—	—	Figure Axis Approximate	614 · Figure · Fig. 4c
Double-layer capacitance of ZIF@HMCS-10%	6.31 mF cm^-2 from Fig. 4c line label	—	—	Figure Axis Approximate	614 · Figure · Fig. 4c
Double-layer capacitance of ZIF@HMCS-25%Marked as a best value within this paper	25.79 mF cm^-2	—	—	Text Exact Reported	615 · Results and discussion · Fig. 4c
Double-layer capacitance of ZIF@HMCS-50%	14.66 mF cm^-2 from Fig. 4c line label	—	—	Figure Axis Approximate	614 · Figure · Fig. 4c

OER chronopotentiometry durability with post-test PXRD/XPS/TEM

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy X-ray diffraction and scattering Transmission electron microscopy Galvanostatic cycling

ZIF@HMCS-25% catalyst ink electrode · Electrode

RDE, 5 mA cm^-2, same rotation rate as OER test

Atmosphere: O2-saturated electrolyte
Geometry: RDE
Context: target composite compared with IrO2
Measurement source: 614-615 · Results and discussion · Fig. S7

Property	Reported value	Normalised value	Uncertainty	Origin and quality	Source
Post-OER conversion of ZIF-67 to amorphous cobalt hydroxide	ZIF-67 converted into amorphous Co(OH)2 and loaded on HMCS during OER	—	—	Text Qualitative	615 · Results and discussion · Fig. S7

OER RDE LSV and Tafel analysis

Voltammetry Tafel and polarisation analysis

HMCS · Powder

0.1 M KOH, O2-saturated, 1600 rpm

Atmosphere: O2-saturated electrolyte
Geometry: RDE
Context: HMCS control
Measurement source: 614 · Results and discussion · Fig. 4a-b

Property	Reported value	Normalised value	Uncertainty	Origin and quality	Source
HMCS OER Tafel slope	385.8 mV dec^-1	—	—	SI Table Exact Reported	SI p. 7 · Supplementary Tables · Table S2

OER RDE LSV and Tafel benchmark

Voltammetry Tafel and polarisation analysis

IrO2 bulk · Powder

0.1 M KOH, O2-saturated, 1600 rpm

Atmosphere: O2-saturated electrolyte
Geometry: RDE
Context: commercial benchmark
Measurement source: 614 · Results and discussion · Fig. 4a-b

Property	Reported value	Normalised value	Uncertainty	Origin and quality	Source
OER overpotential of IrO2 bulk at 10 mA cm^-2	420 mV at 10 mA cm^-2	—	—	Text Exact Reported	614 · Results and discussion · Fig. 4a
OER Tafel slope of IrO2 bulk	80.3 mV dec^-1	—	—	Text Exact Reported	614 · Results and discussion · Fig. 4b
IrO2 bulk OER overpotential at 10 mA cm^-2	420 mV	—	—	SI Table Exact Reported	SI p. 7 · Supplementary Tables · Table S2
IrO2 bulk OER Tafel slopeMarked as a best value within this paper	80.2 mV dec^-1	—	—	SI Table Exact Reported	SI p. 7 · Supplementary Tables · Table S2

OER RDE LSV and Tafel analysis

Voltammetry Tafel and polarisation analysis

pure ZIF-67 · Powder

0.1 M KOH, O2-saturated, 1600 rpm

Atmosphere: O2-saturated electrolyte
Geometry: RDE
Context: pristine MOF control
Measurement source: 614 · Results and discussion · Fig. 4a-b

Property	Reported value	Normalised value	Uncertainty	Origin and quality	Source
Pure HMCS and ZIF-67 fail to reach 10 mA cm^-2 by 1.7 V	could not reach 10 mA cm^-2 even at 1.7 V vs RHE	—	—	Text Rounded Reported	614 · Results and discussion · Fig. 4a
ZIF-67 OER Tafel slope	172.2 mV dec^-1	—	—	SI Table Exact Reported	SI p. 7 · Supplementary Tables · Table S2

OER RDE LSV and Tafel analysis

Voltammetry Tafel and polarisation analysis

ZIF@HMCS-10% · Powder

0.1 M KOH; O2-saturated OER LSV at 1600 rpm after iR compensation; Table S2 comparison.

Context: This-work electrocatalyst comparison.
Measurement source: SI p. 7 · Supplementary Tables · Table S2

Property	Reported value	Normalised value	Uncertainty	Origin and quality	Source
ZIF@HMCS-10% OER overpotential at 10 mA cm^-2	419 mV	—	—	SI Table Exact Reported	SI p. 7 · Supplementary Tables · Table S2
ZIF@HMCS-10% OER Tafel slope	163.7 mV dec^-1	—	—	SI Table Exact Reported	SI p. 7 · Supplementary Tables · Table S2

OER RDE LSV and Tafel analysis

Voltammetry Tafel and polarisation analysis

ZIF@HMCS-25% catalyst ink electrode · Electrode

0.1 M KOH, O2-saturated, 1600 rpm, iR-compensated, scan 5 mV s^-1

Atmosphere: O2-saturated electrolyte
Geometry: RDE
Context: target composite compared with ZIF-67, HMCS and IrO2
Measurement source: 614 · Results and discussion · Fig. 4a-b

Property	Reported value	Normalised value	Uncertainty	Origin and quality	Source
OER overpotential at 10 mA cm^-2Marked as a best value within this paper	407 mV at 10 mA cm^-2	—	—	Text Exact Reported	614 · Results and discussion · Fig. 4a
OER Tafel slope of ZIF@HMCS-25%Marked as a best value within this paper	99.3 mV dec^-1	—	—	Text Exact Reported	614 · Results and discussion · Fig. 4b
ZIF@HMCS-25% OER overpotential at 10 mA cm^-2Marked as a best value within this paper	407 mV	—	—	SI Table Exact Reported	SI p. 7 · Supplementary Tables · Table S2
ZIF@HMCS-25% OER Tafel slope	99.3 mV dec^-1	—	—	SI Table Exact Reported	SI p. 7 · Supplementary Tables · Table S2

OER RDE LSV and Tafel analysis

Voltammetry Tafel and polarisation analysis

ZIF@HMCS-50% · Powder

0.1 M KOH; O2-saturated OER LSV at 1600 rpm after iR compensation; Table S2 comparison.

Context: This-work electrocatalyst comparison.
Measurement source: SI p. 7 · Supplementary Tables · Table S2

Property	Reported value	Normalised value	Uncertainty	Origin and quality	Source
ZIF@HMCS-50% OER overpotential at 10 mA cm^-2	447 mV	—	—	SI Table Exact Reported	SI p. 7 · Supplementary Tables · Table S2
ZIF@HMCS-50% OER Tafel slope	146.6 mV dec^-1	—	—	SI Table Exact Reported	SI p. 7 · Supplementary Tables · Table S2

ORR RDE LSV comparison

Voltammetry

Co-HMCS · Powder

0.1 M KOH; RDE/RRDE where applicable; O2-saturated; ORR LSV/Tafel/K-L comparison in Table S2.

Context: This-work electrocatalyst comparison.
Measurement source: SI p. 7 · Supplementary Tables · Table S2

Property	Reported value	Normalised value	Uncertainty	Origin and quality	Source
Co-HMCS ORR half-wave potential E1/2	0.779 V vs RHE	—	—	SI Table Exact Reported	SI p. 7 · Supplementary Tables · Table S2
Co-HMCS ORR JL at 0.8 V	-4.36 mA cm^-2	—	—	SI Table Exact Reported	SI p. 7 · Supplementary Tables · Table S2

ORR accelerated durability test and chronoamperometry

Chronoamperometry

ZIF@HMCS-25% catalyst ink electrode · Electrode

2000 CV cycles between 0.6 and 1.0 V vs RHE at 50 mV s^-1; chronoamperometry at 0.6 V vs RHE

Atmosphere: O2-saturated electrolyte
Geometry: RDE
Context: target composite durability compared with ZIF-67 and Pt/C
Measurement source: 614 · Results and discussion · Fig. 3f

Property	Reported value	Normalised value	Uncertainty	Origin and quality	Source
Half-wave potential loss after 2000 CV cyclesMarked as a best value within this paper	only 4 mV declined after 2000 CV scans	—	—	Text Exact Reported	614 · Results and discussion · Fig. 3f
Current retention after chronoamperometry durability testMarked as a best value within this paper	84.5% after 28000 s	—	—	Text Exact Reported	614 · Results and discussion · Fig. 3f inset

ORR RDE LSV and Tafel analysis

Voltammetry Tafel and polarisation analysis

HMCS · Powder

0.1 M KOH, O2-saturated

Atmosphere: O2-saturated electrolyte
Geometry: glassy carbon RDE
Context: HMCS control
Measurement source: 613 · Results and discussion · Fig. 3a-b

Property	Reported value	Normalised value	Uncertainty	Origin and quality	Source
ORR Tafel slope of HMCS	about 49.0 mV dec^-1 from Fig. 3b label	—	—	Figure Axis Approximate	613 · Figure · Fig. 3b
HMCS ORR half-wave potential E1/2	0.684 V vs RHE	—	—	SI Table Exact Reported	SI p. 7 · Supplementary Tables · Table S2
HMCS ORR JL at 0.8 V	-3.81 mA cm^-2	—	—	SI Table Exact Reported	SI p. 7 · Supplementary Tables · Table S2
HMCS ORR Tafel slope	49 mV dec^-1	—	—	SI Table Exact Reported	SI p. 7 · Supplementary Tables · Table S2

ORR RDE LSV and Tafel benchmark

Voltammetry Tafel and polarisation analysis

20 wt% Pt/C · Powder

0.1 M KOH, O2-saturated

Atmosphere: O2-saturated electrolyte
Geometry: glassy carbon RDE
Context: commercial benchmark
Measurement source: 613 · Results and discussion · Fig. 3

Property	Reported value	Normalised value	Uncertainty	Origin and quality	Source
Pt/C ORR current retention in chronoamperometry comparison	62.5%	—	—	Text Exact Reported	614 · Results and discussion · Fig. 3f inset
ORR half-wave potential of 20 wt% Pt/C	0.831 V vs RHE	—	—	Text Exact Reported	613 · Results and discussion · Fig. 3c
ORR kinetic current density of Pt/C at 0.8 V	10.4 mA cm^-2	—	—	Text Exact Reported	613 · Results and discussion · Fig. 3c
ORR Tafel slope of 20 wt% Pt/C	72.5 mV dec^-1	—	—	Text Exact Reported	613 · Results and discussion · Fig. 3b
20 wt% Pt/C ORR half-wave potential E1/2Marked as a best value within this paper	0.832 V vs RHE	—	—	SI Table Exact Reported	SI p. 7 · Supplementary Tables · Table S2
20 wt% Pt/C ORR JL at 0.8 VMarked as a best value within this paper	-5.3 mA cm^-2	—	—	SI Table Exact Reported	SI p. 7 · Supplementary Tables · Table S2
20 wt% Pt/C ORR Tafel slope	72.5 mV dec^-1	—	—	SI Table Exact Reported	SI p. 7 · Supplementary Tables · Table S2

ORR RDE LSV and Tafel analysis

Voltammetry Tafel and polarisation analysis

pure ZIF-67 · Powder

0.1 M KOH, O2-saturated, 1600 rpm where applicable

Atmosphere: O2-saturated electrolyte
Geometry: glassy carbon RDE
Context: pristine MOF control
Measurement source: 613 · Results and discussion · Fig. 3a-b

Property	Reported value	Normalised value	Uncertainty	Origin and quality	Source
ZIF-67 ORR current retention in chronoamperometry comparison	26.5%	—	—	Text Exact Reported	614 · Results and discussion · Fig. 3f inset
ORR Tafel slope of ZIF-67	70.3 mV dec^-1	—	—	Text Exact Reported	613 · Results and discussion · Fig. 3b
ZIF-67 ORR half-wave potential E1/2	0.681 V vs RHE	—	—	SI Table Exact Reported	SI p. 7 · Supplementary Tables · Table S2
ZIF-67 ORR JL at 0.8 V	-3.22 mA cm^-2	—	—	SI Table Exact Reported	SI p. 7 · Supplementary Tables · Table S2
ZIF-67 ORR Tafel slope	70.3 mV dec^-1	—	—	SI Table Exact Reported	SI p. 7 · Supplementary Tables · Table S2

ORR RDE LSV comparison

Voltammetry

ZIF@BHMCS-25% · Powder

0.1 M KOH; RDE/RRDE where applicable; O2-saturated; ORR LSV/Tafel/K-L comparison in Table S2.

Context: This-work electrocatalyst comparison.
Measurement source: SI p. 7 · Supplementary Tables · Table S2

Property	Reported value	Normalised value	Uncertainty	Origin and quality	Source
ZIF@BHMCS-25% ORR half-wave potential E1/2	0.803 V vs RHE	—	—	SI Table Exact Reported	SI p. 7 · Supplementary Tables · Table S2
ZIF@BHMCS-25% ORR JL at 0.8 V	-3.68 mA cm^-2	—	—	SI Table Exact Reported	SI p. 7 · Supplementary Tables · Table S2

ORR RDE LSV and Tafel analysis

Voltammetry Tafel and polarisation analysis

ZIF@HMCS-10% · Powder

0.1 M KOH; RDE/RRDE where applicable; O2-saturated; ORR LSV/Tafel/K-L comparison in Table S2.

Context: This-work electrocatalyst comparison.
Measurement source: SI p. 7 · Supplementary Tables · Table S2

Property	Reported value	Normalised value	Uncertainty	Origin and quality	Source
ZIF@HMCS-10% ORR half-wave potential E1/2	0.777 V vs RHE	—	—	SI Table Exact Reported	SI p. 7 · Supplementary Tables · Table S2
ZIF@HMCS-10% ORR JL at 0.8 V	-4.03 mA cm^-2	—	—	SI Table Exact Reported	SI p. 7 · Supplementary Tables · Table S2
ZIF@HMCS-10% ORR Tafel slope	45.7 mV dec^-1	—	—	SI Table Exact Reported	SI p. 7 · Supplementary Tables · Table S2

ORR RDE/RRDE LSV, Tafel, Koutecky-Levich analysis

Voltammetry Tafel and polarisation analysis

ZIF@HMCS-25% catalyst ink electrode · Electrode

0.1 M KOH, O2-saturated, 1600 rpm where applicable, iR-compensated

Atmosphere: O2-saturated electrolyte
Geometry: glassy carbon RDE/RRDE, catalyst loading about 0.253 mg cm^-2
Context: target composite compared with pristine controls and Pt/C
Measurement source: 613 · Results and discussion · Fig. 3

Property	Reported value	Normalised value	Uncertainty	Origin and quality	Source
ORR half-wave potential of ZIF@HMCS-25%Marked as a best value within this paper	0.823 V vs RHE	—	—	Text Exact Reported	613 · Results and discussion · Fig. 3c
ORR kinetic current density at 0.8 VMarked as a best value within this paper	JK = 13.8 mA cm^-2 at 0.8 V vs RHE	—	—	Text Exact Reported	613 · Results and discussion · Fig. 3c
ORR Tafel slope of ZIF@HMCS-25%Marked as a best value within this paper	41.9 mV dec^-1	—	—	Text Exact Reported	613 · Results and discussion · Fig. 3b
ORR H2O2 yield	~15%	—	—	Text Approximate	614 · Results and discussion · Fig. 3e
ORR electron transfer numberMarked as a best value within this paper	~3.7	—	—	Text Approximate	614 · Results and discussion · Fig. 3e
ZIF@HMCS-25% ORR half-wave potential E1/2	0.823 V vs RHE	—	—	SI Table Exact Reported	SI p. 7 · Supplementary Tables · Table S2
ZIF@HMCS-25% ORR JL at 0.8 V	-4.98 mA cm^-2	—	—	SI Table Exact Reported	SI p. 7 · Supplementary Tables · Table S2
ZIF@HMCS-25% ORR Tafel slopeMarked as a best value within this paper	41.3 mV dec^-1	—	—	SI Table Exact Reported	SI p. 7 · Supplementary Tables · Table S2

ORR RDE LSV and Tafel analysis

Voltammetry Tafel and polarisation analysis

ZIF@HMCS-50% · Powder

0.1 M KOH; RDE/RRDE where applicable; O2-saturated; ORR LSV/Tafel/K-L comparison in Table S2.

Context: This-work electrocatalyst comparison.
Measurement source: SI p. 7 · Supplementary Tables · Table S2

Property	Reported value	Normalised value	Uncertainty	Origin and quality	Source
ZIF@HMCS-50% ORR half-wave potential E1/2	0.783 V vs RHE	—	—	SI Table Exact Reported	SI p. 7 · Supplementary Tables · Table S2
ZIF@HMCS-50% ORR JL at 0.8 V	-4.55 mA cm^-2	—	—	SI Table Exact Reported	SI p. 7 · Supplementary Tables · Table S2
ZIF@HMCS-50% ORR Tafel slope	49.8 mV dec^-1	—	—	SI Table Exact Reported	SI p. 7 · Supplementary Tables · Table S2

ORR RDE LSV comparison

Voltammetry

ZIF/HMCS-25% · Powder

0.1 M KOH; RDE/RRDE where applicable; O2-saturated; ORR LSV/Tafel/K-L comparison in Table S2.

Context: This-work electrocatalyst comparison.
Measurement source: SI p. 7 · Supplementary Tables · Table S2

Property	Reported value	Normalised value	Uncertainty	Origin and quality	Source
ZIF/HMCS-25% ORR half-wave potential E1/2	0.793 V vs RHE	—	—	SI Table Exact Reported	SI p. 7 · Supplementary Tables · Table S2
ZIF/HMCS-25% ORR JL at 0.8 V	-4.28 mA cm^-2	—	—	SI Table Exact Reported	SI p. 7 · Supplementary Tables · Table S2