Suppaso C., Nakazato R., Nakahata S. et al. · Advanced Functional Materials · 2025 · 2417223
Open a family to keep every result attached to its sample, method and conditions.
Paraphrased for this database from the authors’ stated interpretations — never quoted verbatim — and kept separate from reported measurements.
KGF-9 acts as a pre-catalyst for eCO2RR, forming PbCO3/Pb3(CO3)2(OH)2 active species that retain high formate selectivity.
Caveat: The derived phase is not itself a conductive MOF; it is an operational electrocatalyst state.
8 · 3 Conclusion · Linked to 5 structured results
The KGF-9/KB GDE reaches commercial-relevance current densities of 200-300 mA cm-2 while maintaining >90% formate FE.
Caveat: High-rate tests were 30 min, so long-term durability is not established from the main text.
8 · 2.7 High-Rate CO2-to-Formate Conversion · Figure 7 · Linked to 4 structured results
Conductive Ketjen Black improves electrode conductivity, enabling KGF-9 to transform electrochemically and favour CO2-to-formate over HER.
Caveat: Structural assignment cross-checked against SI Figures S16-S20 captions/text.
8 · 2.6 Structure Transformation during Electrocatalysis · Figure S16 · Linked to 4 structured results
Microwave-assisted synthesis gives better crystallinity and larger TRMC photoconductivity signals than ordinary KGF-9.
Caveat: Scherrer values extracted from SI Table S1.
4 · 2.2 Photocatalytic CO2 Reduction Activity · Figure 2B · Linked to 6 structured results
The optimum photocatalyst is phase-pure, well-crystallised MW_60 KGF-9 with fewer surface S/N vacancies than longer MW treatments.
Caveat: Sample-specific XPS ratios extracted from SI Table S3.
4 · 2.2 Photocatalytic CO2 Reduction Activity · Linked to 4 structured results
The light-intensity-independent AQY and first-order light-intensity dependence indicate negligible bulk charge accumulation in MW_60 KGF-9.
Caveat: The claim is an interpretation of photocatalysis rate/intensity data rather than a direct DC transport measurement.
6 · 2.4 Light-Intensity-Dependent CO2 Reduction · Figure 4B,C · Linked to 3 structured results
Names and aliases are kept exactly within the paper’s own identity model.
| Material | Composition | Structure context | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ketjen Black control | carbon black | unknown · Model SystemConductive carbon control electrode, not a MOF/CP. | 6 · 2.5 Electrocatalytic CO2-to-formate Conversion over KGF-9 · Figure 5 |
| KGF-17 | [Pb2(Htadt)2(tadt)]nPb(II) centres in a Pb-S coordination polymer · Htadt- and tadt2- ligands | 1D · PristineKinetically favoured impurity phase with 1D (-Pb-S-)n chain structures and secondary amine-containing Htadt moieties. | 2 · 2.1 Physicochemical Properties · Figure 1A |
| KGF-9 | [Pb(tadt)]n; tadt = 1,3,4-thiadiazole-2,5-dithiolatePb(II) centres connected through Pb-S coordination · 1,3,4-thiadiazole-2,5-dithiolate (tadt2-) | 2D · PristineNonporous Pb(II)-based coordination polymer with 2D infinite (-Pb-S-)n sheets; visible-light absorbing and photoconductive. | 1 · Abstract |
| KGF-9-derived PbCO3/Pb3(CO3)2(OH)2 mixed phase | PbCO3/Pb3(CO3)2(OH)2Pb(II) carbonate/hydroxycarbonate phases | unknown · DerivedElectrochemically derived mixed carbonate phase formed from KGF-9 under CO2 reduction conditions with KB. | 7 · 2.6 Structure Transformation during Electrocatalysis · Figure S16 |
| KGF-9/Ketjen Black/Nafion electrode composite | KGF-9 + Ketjen Black + NafionPb(II) centres in KGF-9 component · tadt2- in KGF-9 component | 2D · CompositeComposite electrode in which conductive Ketjen Black improves electronic conduction to KGF-9. | 6 · 2.5 Electrocatalytic CO2-to-formate Conversion over KGF-9 · Figure 5 |
| Pb3(CO3)2(OH)2 control electrode | Pb3(CO3)2(OH)2Pb(II) | unknown · Model SystemLead hydroxycarbonate control electrocatalyst. | 8 · 2.6 Structure Transformation during Electrocatalysis · Table 1 |
| PbCO3 control electrode | PbCO3Pb(II) | unknown · Model SystemLead carbonate control electrocatalyst. | 8 · 2.6 Structure Transformation during Electrocatalysis · Table 1 |
Sample form, processing state and composition status define the context for measurements.
| Sample | Form and role | Processing and geometry | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| bare Ketjen Black electrode, 100 wt% KBresearch_0303__mat__mat_kb_control | Electrode · Model System · Model | Ketjen Black-only electrode used as carbon control.carbon paper electrode | 6 · 2.5 Electrocatalytic CO2-to-formate Conversion over KGF-9 · Figure 5B |
| KGF-9 electrode after electrolysisresearch_0303__mat__mat_kgf9_derived_carbonate | Electrode · Composite Sample · Unknown | KGF-9/KB/Nafion electrode transformed during electrolysis to PbCO3/Pb3(CO3)2(OH)2.carbon paper electrode | 7 · 2.6 Structure Transformation during Electrocatalysis · Figure S16 |
| bare KGF-9 electrode, 0 wt% KBresearch_0303__mat__mat_kgf9 | Electrode · Pristine Control · Pristine Framework | MW_60 KGF-9 drop-cast without Ketjen Black for H-cell electrocatalysis.carbon paper electrode | 6 · 2.5 Electrocatalytic CO2-to-formate Conversion over KGF-9 · Figure 5B |
| KGF-9 electrode with 30 wt% KB and 25 uL 5 wt% Nafionresearch_0303__mat__mat_kgf9_kb_nafion | Electrode · Composite Sample · Composite | MW_60 KGF-9, Ketjen Black and Nafion drop-cast for H-cell electrocatalysis.carbon paper electrode · coating area 1 cm x 1.5 cm | 6 · 2.5 Electrocatalytic CO2-to-formate Conversion over KGF-9 |
| KGF-9/Ketjen Black gas diffusion electroderesearch_0303__mat__mat_kgf9_kb_nafion | Electrode · Composite Sample · Composite | High-rate eCO2RR GDE prepared from 1.7 mg KGF-9, 1.1 mg KB EC600JD and 25 uL 5 wt% Nafion in isopropanol.gas diffusion electrode · catalyst area 0.5 cm2; loading 2.4 mg cm-2 (KGF-9 + KB) | 10 · Experimental Section |
| KGF-9/Ketjen Black/Nafion electrode optimisation seriesresearch_0303__mat__mat_kgf9_kb_nafion | Electrode · Composite Sample · Composite | MW_60 KGF-9 electrodes prepared with varied Ketjen Black contents (0-100 wt%) and 5 wt% Nafion solution volumes (15-150 uL).carbon paper electrode · coating area 1 cm x 1.5 cm | S-4 · Supporting Information · Table S5 |
| ordinary KGF-9 powderresearch_0303__mat__mat_kgf9 | Powder · Pristine Control · Pristine Framework | Conventional solvothermal powder control prepared at 373 K for 48 h. | 9 · Experimental Section |
| MW_10 mixed KGF-9/KGF-17 powderresearch_0303__mat__mat_kgf9 | Powder · Target Sample · Composite | Microwave-assisted product after 10 min containing KGF-9 with KGF-17 impurity. | 2 · 2.1 Physicochemical Properties · Figure 1A |
| MW_120 fibrous KGF-9 powderresearch_0303__mat__mat_kgf9 | Powder · Target Sample · Pristine Framework | Microwave-assisted solvothermal KGF-9 prepared for 120 min; phase-pure but more surface-defective than MW_60. | 2 · 2.1 Physicochemical Properties · Figure 1A |
| MW_2 KGF-17-rich powderresearch_0303__mat__mat_kgf17 | Powder · Pristine Control · Pristine Framework | Microwave-assisted product after 2 min, assigned in text as phase-pure KGF-17 by SEM/SI comparison. | 3 · 2.1 Physicochemical Properties · Figure S3A |
| MW_30 mixed KGF-9/KGF-17 powderresearch_0303__mat__mat_kgf9 | Powder · Target Sample · Composite | Microwave-assisted product after 30 min; needles evolve into fibres as KGF-9 forms. | 3 · 2.1 Physicochemical Properties · Figure S3B |
| MW_60 fibrous KGF-9 powderresearch_0303__mat__mat_kgf9 | Powder · Target Sample · Pristine Framework | Microwave-assisted solvothermal KGF-9 prepared for 60 min; optimised phase-pure fibrous sample. | 8 · 3 Conclusion |
| MW_90 fibrous KGF-9 powderresearch_0303__mat__mat_kgf9 | Powder · Target Sample · Pristine Framework | Microwave-assisted solvothermal KGF-9 prepared for 90 min; phase-pure but more surface-defective than MW_60. | 2 · 2.1 Physicochemical Properties · Figure 1A |
| MW_x KGF-9/KGF-17 comparison powder seriesresearch_0303__mat__mat_kgf9 | Powder · Paper Level Unspecified · Unknown | Series of MW_2, MW_10, MW_30, MW_60, MW_90 and MW_120 powders. | 9 · Experimental Section |
| bare Pb3(CO3)2(OH)2 working electroderesearch_0303__mat__mat_pb3_carbonate_control | Electrode · Model System · Model | Bare Pb3(CO3)2(OH)2 control electrode tested for CO2 reduction. | 7 · Table 1 · Table 1 |
| bare PbCO3 working electroderesearch_0303__mat__mat_pbco3_control | Electrode · Model System · Model | Bare PbCO3 control electrode tested for CO2 reduction. | 7 · Table 1 · Table 1 |