Electrochemistry Application — Promoting ethylene production over a wide potential window on Cu crystallites induced and stabilized via current shock and charge delocalization

9 measurement groups · 34 results

Reported values remain attached to the sample, method, conditions, extraction quality and source location that produced them.

Cyclic voltammetry double-layer capacitance (Cdl) from scan-rate-dependent capacitive current

Voltammetry

KB@Cu3(HITP)2 CO2RR electrode · Electrode

0.1 M KHCO3; scan rates 40-140 mV s-1; capacitive current at 0.42 V.

Geometry: H-cell electrode
Context: KB@Cu3(HITP)2 versus Cu3(HITP)2
Measurement source: 4 · Figures and Tables · Supplementary Fig. 6

Property	Reported value	Normalised value	Uncertainty	Origin and quality	Source
Double-layer capacitance Cdl for Cu3(HITP)2	1.47 mF cm-2	—	—	Figure Axis Exact Reported	4 · Figures and Tables · Supplementary Fig. 6c
Double-layer capacitance Cdl for KB@Cu3(HITP)2	2.22 mF cm-2	—	—	Figure Axis Exact Reported	4 · Figures and Tables · Supplementary Fig. 6c

CO2RR extension tests on Cu3(HHTP)2 with and without KB

KB@Cu3(HHTP)2 CO2RR electrode · Electrode

CO2RR Faradaic efficiencies and post-electrolytic TEM at varying potentials.

Atmosphere: CO2RR conditions
Context: KB@Cu3(HHTP)2 versus Cu3(HHTP)2
Measurement source: 8 · Universality of the observations · Supplementary Figs. 30-33

Property	Reported value	Normalised value	Uncertainty	Origin and quality	Source
KB@Cu3(HHTP)2 C2H4 FE plateau onset	plateaued after -1.29 V	—	—	Text Exact Reported	8 · Universality of the observations · Supplementary Fig. 32a
Potential range with stabilised Cu particle size for KB@Cu3(HHTP)2	-1.22 to -1.65 V	—	—	Text Range	8 · Universality of the observations · Supplementary Fig. 33a-d

CO2RR extension test on stand-alone Cu3(HHTP)2

Stand-alone Cu3(HHTP)2 CO2RR electrode · Electrode

Faradaic efficiencies and post-electrolytic TEM at varying potentials for the stand-alone HHTP analogue.

Atmosphere: CO2RR conditions
Context: stand-alone Cu3(HHTP)2 control
Measurement source: 8 · Universality of the observations · Supplementary Figs. 32-33

Property	Reported value	Normalised value	Uncertainty	Origin and quality	Source
Stand-alone Cu3(HHTP)2 FE trend	C2H4 and CH4 FEs increased first and then decreased; H2 showed V-shaped voltage dependence	—	—	Text Qualitative	8 · Universality of the observations · Supplementary Fig. 32b

Flow-cell CO2RR under chronopotentiometric mode

Galvanostatic cycling

KB@Cu3(HITP)2 CO2RR electrode · Electrode

1 M KOH, gas diffusion electrode YLS-30T, CO2 gas flow 30 cm3 min-1, catholyte/anolyte flow 20 mL min-1.

Atmosphere: high-purity CO2 feed
Geometry: three-chamber flow cell with 2 x 0.5 cm2 gasket window
Context: KB@Cu3(HITP)2 versus Cu3(HITP)2
Measurement source: 8 · Universality of the observations by extending to flow cell · Fig. 6; Supplementary Figs. 27-29

Property	Reported value	Normalised value	Uncertainty	Origin and quality	Source
Flow-cell maximum CH4 FE for Cu3(HITP)2Marked as a best value within this paper	53% at -0.85 V	—	—	Text Rounded Reported	8 · Universality of the observations by extending to flow cell · Supplementary Fig. 29
Flow-cell maximum C2H4 FE for Cu3(HITP)2Marked as a best value within this paper	32% at -0.71 V	—	—	Text Rounded Reported	8 · Universality of the observations by extending to flow cell · Fig. 6a
Flow-cell C2H4 onset potential for Cu3(HITP)2	-0.58 V	—	—	Text Exact Reported	8 · Universality of the observations by extending to flow cell · Fig. 6a
Flow-cell C2H4 FE for KB@Cu3(HITP)2 at -0.67 VMarked as a best value within this paper	51% at -0.67 V	—	—	Text Rounded Reported	8 · Universality of the observations by extending to flow cell · Fig. 6a
Flow-cell C2H4 partial current density for KB@Cu3(HITP)2Marked as a best value within this paper	305 mA cm-2 at -0.93 V	—	—	Text Exact Reported	8 · Universality of the observations by extending to flow cell · Fig. 6b
Flow-cell CH4 FE for KB@Cu3(HITP)2	<9% during entire CO2RR test	—	upper bound	Text Range	8 · Universality of the observations by extending to flow cell · Supplementary Fig. 29
Flow-cell C2H4 onset potential for KB@Cu3(HITP)2	-0.48 V	—	—	Text Exact Reported	8 · Universality of the observations by extending to flow cell · Fig. 6a
Flow-cell stable operating current density	300 mA cm-2 for over 10 h	—	—	Text Exact Reported	8 · Universality of the observations by extending to flow cell · Fig. 6c
Flow-cell KOH pH change after 10 h	pH decreased slightly from 13.7 to 13.3 after 10 h	—	—	Text Exact Reported	9 · Methods - Electrochemical measurements · Supplementary Fig. 34

CO2 electroreduction in gas-tight two-compartment H-cell; GC/NMR product analysis

Nuclear magnetic resonance

Stand-alone Cu3(HITP)2 CO2RR electrode · Electrode

0.1 M KHCO3, CO2-saturated, stand-alone Cu3(HITP)2 comparison.

Atmosphere: CO2-saturated electrolyte
Geometry: H-cell; working electrode area 0.197 cm2
Context: stand-alone Cu3(HITP)2
Measurement source: 3 · CO2RR of Cu3(HITP)2 with or without KB · Fig. 2b; Supplementary Fig. 8b

Property	Reported value	Normalised value	Uncertainty	Origin and quality	Source
Maximum C2H4 Faradaic efficiencyMarked as a best value within this paper	51% at -1.25 V	—	—	Text Rounded Reported	3 · CO2RR of Cu3(HITP)2 with or without KB · Fig. 2b
Maximum CH4 Faradaic efficiencyMarked as a best value within this paper	53% at -1.51 V	—	—	Text Rounded Reported	3 · CO2RR of Cu3(HITP)2 with or without KB · Fig. 2b

CO2 electroreduction in gas-tight two-compartment H-cell; GC/NMR product analysis

Nuclear magnetic resonance

KB@Cu3(HITP)2 CO2RR electrode · Electrode

0.1 M KHCO3, CO2-saturated, Ag/AgCl reference converted to RHE, glassy carbon working electrode, CO2 flow 20 cm3 min-1.

Atmosphere: CO2-saturated electrolyte
Geometry: H-cell; working electrode area 0.197 cm2
Context: KB-supported Cu3(HITP)2 composite
Measurement source: 2-3 · CO2RR of Cu3(HITP)2 with or without KB · Fig. 2a; Supplementary Figs. 7-8

Property	Reported value	Normalised value	Uncertainty	Origin and quality	Source
Wide-potential C2H4 Faradaic efficiency	>63% from -1.20 to -1.67 V	—	lower bound	Text Range	3 · CO2RR of Cu3(HITP)2 with or without KB · Fig. 2a
C2H4 partial current density at -1.37 V	~26.5 mA cm-2 at -1.37 V	—	~	SI Table Approximate	20 · Figures and Tables · Supplementary Table 1
C2H4 partial current density at -1.67 VMarked as a best value within this paper	37.4 mA cm-2 at -1.67 V	—	—	Text Exact Reported	4 · CO2RR of Cu3(HITP)2 with or without KB · Supplementary Fig. 7; Supplementary Table 1
C2H4 production onset potential	-0.85 V versus RHE	—	—	Text Exact Reported	3 · CO2RR of Cu3(HITP)2 with or without KB · Fig. 2a
Maximum C2H4 Faradaic efficiencyMarked as a best value within this paper	70% at -1.37 V	—	—	Text Rounded Reported	3 · CO2RR of Cu3(HITP)2 with or without KB · Fig. 2a; Supplementary Table 1
Total liquid-product Faradaic efficiency	<30% at all potentials	—	upper bound	Text Range	4 · CO2RR of Cu3(HITP)2 with or without KB · Supplementary Fig. 8

Chronoamperometric CO2RR stability test

Chronoamperometry

Stand-alone Cu3(HITP)2 CO2RR electrode · Electrode

10 h at -1.25 V versus RHE in CO2-saturated 0.1 M KHCO3.

Atmosphere: CO2-saturated electrolyte
Geometry: H-cell
Context: stand-alone Cu3(HITP)2
Measurement source: 4 · CO2RR of Cu3(HITP)2 with or without KB · Fig. 2d

Property	Reported value	Normalised value	Uncertainty	Origin and quality	Source
Final C2H4 FE during stability	13% after 10 h	—	—	Text Rounded Reported	4 · CO2RR of Cu3(HITP)2 with or without KB · Fig. 2d
Initial C2H4 FE during stability	52%	—	—	Text Rounded Reported	4 · CO2RR of Cu3(HITP)2 with or without KB · Fig. 2d
Final total current density during stability	7.2 mA cm-2	—	—	Text Exact Reported	4 · CO2RR of Cu3(HITP)2 with or without KB · Fig. 2d
Initial total current density during stability	13.3 mA cm-2	—	—	Text Exact Reported	4 · CO2RR of Cu3(HITP)2 with or without KB · Fig. 2d

Chronoamperometric CO2RR stability test

Chronoamperometry

KB@Cu3(HITP)2 CO2RR electrode · Electrode

10 h at -1.25 V versus RHE in CO2-saturated 0.1 M KHCO3.

Atmosphere: CO2-saturated electrolyte
Geometry: H-cell
Context: KB-supported Cu3(HITP)2 composite
Measurement source: 4 · CO2RR of Cu3(HITP)2 with or without KB · Fig. 2c

Property	Reported value	Normalised value	Uncertainty	Origin and quality	Source
C2H4 FE during 10 h stability	constantly above 64% for 10 h	—	lower bound	Text Range	4 · CO2RR of Cu3(HITP)2 with or without KB · Fig. 2c
Final total current density during 10 h stability	26.3 mA cm-2 after 10 h	—	—	Text Exact Reported	4 · CO2RR of Cu3(HITP)2 with or without KB · Fig. 2c
Initial total current density during 10 h stability	23.3 mA cm-2 at start	—	—	Text Exact Reported	4 · CO2RR of Cu3(HITP)2 with or without KB · Fig. 2c

H-cell CO2RR control test

KB@CuNPs control electrode · Electrode

Commercial Cu nanoparticles mixed with KB; 0.1 M KHCO3 H-cell.

Atmosphere: CO2-saturated electrolyte
Geometry: H-cell
Context: non-MOF Cu nanoparticle/Ketjen Black control
Measurement source: 6 · Control studies with naked Cu nanoparticles · Supplementary Figs. 13-15

Property	Reported value	Normalised value	Uncertainty	Origin and quality	Source
Final C2H4 FE on KB@CuNPs during 8 h at -1.56 V	11%	—	—	Text Rounded Reported	6 · Control studies with naked Cu nanoparticles · Supplementary Fig. 14b
Initial C2H4 FE on KB@CuNPs during 8 h at -1.56 V	47%	—	—	Text Rounded Reported	6 · Control studies with naked Cu nanoparticles · Supplementary Fig. 14b
Final H2 FE on KB@CuNPs during 8 h at -1.56 V	74%	—	—	Text Rounded Reported	6 · Control studies with naked Cu nanoparticles · Supplementary Fig. 14b
Initial H2 FE on KB@CuNPs during 8 h at -1.56 V	39%	—	—	Text Rounded Reported	6 · Control studies with naked Cu nanoparticles · Supplementary Fig. 14b
Maximum C2H4 FE on KB@CuNPsMarked as a best value within this paper	48% at -1.56 V	—	—	Text Rounded Reported	6 · Control studies with naked Cu nanoparticles · Supplementary Fig. 14a