Sensing Application — Contorted hexabenzocoronene-based two-dimensional conductive metal-organic framework enabled electrochemical platform for monitoring of rutin in pharmaceuticals and biological samples

11 measurement groups · 59 results

Reported values remain attached to the sample, method, conditions, extraction quality and source location that produced them.

CV response versus Cu3(HBC)2 modification concentration

Voltammetry

Cu3(HBC)2/SPE · Electrode

0.83 mM rutin on Cu3(HBC)2/SPEs prepared from 0, 0.25, 0.5, 1, and 2 mg/mL Cu3(HBC)2 dispersions.

Geometry: SPE
Context: optimisation series including bare SPE control
Measurement source: 4 · 3.2. Electrochemical properties of Cu3(HBC)2/SPE · Fig. 2E-F

Property	Reported value	Normalised value	Uncertainty	Origin and quality	Source
effective area at 0.25 mg/mL Cu3(HBC)2	0.0469 cm2	—	—	Text Exact Reported	4 · 3.2. Electrochemical properties · Fig. 2E-F
effective area at 1 mg/mL Cu3(HBC)2	0.0498 cm2	—	—	Text Exact Reported	4 · 3.2. Electrochemical properties · Fig. 2E-F
effective area at 2 mg/mL Cu3(HBC)2	0.0518 cm2	—	—	Text Exact Reported	4 · 3.2. Electrochemical properties · Fig. 2E-F
rutin peak current at 0.5 mg/mL loadingMarked as a best value within this paper	approximately 1.3 uA from Fig. 2F	—	visual estimate	Visual Estimate Approximate	4 · 3.2. Electrochemical properties · Fig. 2F
optimal Cu3(HBC)2 dispersion concentrationMarked as a best value within this paper	0.5 mg/mL	—	—	Text Exact Reported	4 · 3.2. Electrochemical properties · Fig. 2E-F

cyclic voltammetry

Voltammetry

Cu3(HBC)2/SPE · Electrode

0.83 mM rutin on bare SPE and Cu3(HBC)2/SPE in 0.1 M PBS (pH 3.0) at 100 mV/s.

Geometry: three-electrode SPE
Context: composite target compared with bare SPE control
Measurement source: 3 · 3.2. Electrochemical properties of Cu3(HBC)2/SPE · Fig. 2C

Property	Reported value	Normalised value	Uncertainty	Origin and quality	Source
rutin redox pair on bare SPE	+0.528/+0.591 V	—	—	Text Exact Reported	3 · 3.2. Electrochemical properties · Fig. 2C
rutin Epa on Cu3(HBC)2/SPE	0.576 V	—	—	Text Exact Reported	3 · 3.2. Electrochemical properties · Fig. 2C
rutin Epc on Cu3(HBC)2/SPE	0.516 V	—	—	Text Exact Reported	3 · 3.2. Electrochemical properties · Fig. 2C
rutin oxidation peak current on bare SPE	0.837 uA	—	—	Text Exact Reported	3 · 3.2. Electrochemical properties · Fig. 2C
rutin oxidation peak current on Cu3(HBC)2/SPE	2.001 uA	—	—	Text Exact Reported	3 · 3.2. Electrochemical properties · Fig. 2C
rutin reduction peak current on bare SPE	0.605 uA	—	—	Text Exact Reported	3 · 3.2. Electrochemical properties · Fig. 2C
rutin reduction peak current on Cu3(HBC)2/SPE	1.394 uA	—	—	Text Exact Reported	3 · 3.2. Electrochemical properties · Fig. 2C

differential pulse voltammetry

Voltammetry

Cu3(HBC)2/SPE · Electrode

Rutin concentration series; DPV from +1.0 to 0 V in 0.1 M PBS (pH 3.0), 0.008 V step, 0.16 V pulse amplitude, 0.025 s pulse width.

Geometry: Cu3(HBC)2/SPE
Context: composite electrode
Measurement source: 5 · 3.5. Analytical performance of Cu3(HBC)2/SPE · Fig. 4A; Table S1

Property	Reported value	Normalised value	Uncertainty	Origin and quality	Source
rutin DPV linear concentration rangeMarked as a best value within this paper	0.0454-34.3088 uM	—	range	Text Range	1 · Abstract · Fig. 4A; Table S1
limit of detection for rutinMarked as a best value within this paper	0.032 uM (S/N = 3); Table S1: 32 nM	32 nM	S/N = 3	Text Exact Reported	1 · Abstract · Table S1
rutin DPV calibration slope	y = 0.20809x - 0.00305; R2 = 0.976	—	R2 = 0.976	Text Exact Reported	5 · 3.5. Analytical performance · Fig. 4A
SI Table S1 linear range entry for Cu3(HBC)2/SPE	0.045-34.309 uM	—	range	SI Table Range	3 · Table S1 · Table S1
SI Table S1 LOD entry for Cu3(HBC)2/SPE	32 nM	0.032 uM	—	SI Table Exact Reported	3 · Table S1 · Table S1

HUVEC culture-medium DPV and cell assays

Voltammetry

Cu3(HBC)2/SPE · Electrode

HUVECs treated with 100 uM H2O2 for 1 h, then 100 uM rutin for 12 h; 10 uL culture medium measured by DPV on Cu3(HBC)2/SPE in PBS pH 3.0; CCK-8 and morphology/cell-count assays.

Temperature: 310
Atmosphere: 5% CO2 cell culture
Geometry: Cu3(HBC)2/SPE with PDMS chamber
Context: composite electrode applied to biological sample
Measurement source: 3,7 · 2.7. Cell cultures and detection; 3.7.2. Effects of rutin on H2O2-damaged HUVECs · Fig. 6

Property	Reported value	Normalised value	Uncertainty	Origin and quality	Source
H2O2-damaged HUVEC cell count	approximately 640 cells/mm2 from Fig. 6C	—	visual estimate from bar chart	Visual Estimate Approximate	7 · 3.7.2. Effects of rutin on H2O2-damaged HUVECs · Fig. 6C
normal HUVEC cell count	approximately 920 cells/mm2 from Fig. 6C	—	visual estimate from bar chart	Visual Estimate Approximate	7 · 3.7.2. Effects of rutin on H2O2-damaged HUVECs · Fig. 6C
rutin-treated H2O2-damaged HUVEC cell count	approximately 755 cells/mm2 from Fig. 6C	—	visual estimate from bar chart	Visual Estimate Approximate	7 · 3.7.2. Effects of rutin on H2O2-damaged HUVECs · Fig. 6C
H2O2-damaged HUVEC cell length	approximately 23 um from Fig. 6D	—	visual estimate from bar chart	Visual Estimate Approximate	7 · 3.7.2. Effects of rutin on H2O2-damaged HUVECs · Fig. 6D
normal HUVEC cell length	approximately 45 um from Fig. 6D	—	visual estimate from bar chart	Visual Estimate Approximate	7 · 3.7.2. Effects of rutin on H2O2-damaged HUVECs · Fig. 6D
rutin-treated H2O2-damaged HUVEC cell length	approximately 26 um from Fig. 6D	—	visual estimate from bar chart	Visual Estimate Approximate	7 · 3.7.2. Effects of rutin on H2O2-damaged HUVECs · Fig. 6D
DPV residual rutin current after H2O2-damaged HUVEC exposure	approximately 1.35 uA from Fig. 6G	—	visual estimate from bar chart	Visual Estimate Approximate	7 · 3.7.2. Effects of rutin on H2O2-damaged HUVECs · Fig. 6F-G
DPV residual rutin current after normal HUVEC exposure	approximately 1.75 uA from Fig. 6G	—	visual estimate from bar chart	Visual Estimate Approximate	7 · 3.7.2. Effects of rutin on H2O2-damaged HUVECs · Fig. 6F-G
DPV rutin current in blank culture medium without cells	approximately 7.0 uA from Fig. 6G	—	visual estimate from bar chart	Visual Estimate Approximate	7 · 3.7.2. Effects of rutin on H2O2-damaged HUVECs · Fig. 6G
H2O2-damaged HUVEC viability	approximately 76% from Fig. 6B	—	visual estimate from bar chart	Visual Estimate Approximate	7 · 3.7.2. Effects of rutin on H2O2-damaged HUVECs · Fig. 6B
normal HUVEC viability	approximately 100% from Fig. 6B	—	visual estimate from bar chart	Visual Estimate Approximate	7 · 3.7.2. Effects of rutin on H2O2-damaged HUVECs · Fig. 6B
rutin-treated H2O2-damaged HUVEC viability	approximately 87% from Fig. 6B	—	visual estimate from bar chart	Visual Estimate Approximate	7 · 3.7.2. Effects of rutin on H2O2-damaged HUVECs · Fig. 6B

DPV monitoring of rutin hydrolysis

Voltammetry

Cu3(HBC)2/SPE · Electrode

6 mg rutin in 20 mL 99.5% methanol and 0.5 M HCl, heated at 80 C; aliquots at 0, 1, 3, and 6 h diluted in 0.1 M PBS pH 3.0.

Geometry: Cu3(HBC)2/SPE
Context: composite electrode
Measurement source: 2,6 · 2.5. The hydrolysis process of rutin; 3.5. Analytical performance · Fig. 5C

Property	Reported value	Normalised value	Uncertainty	Origin and quality	Source
hydrolysis fit equation	ln(c/c0) = -0.280t - 0.020; R2 = 0.996	—	R2 = 0.996	Text Exact Reported	6 · 3.5. Analytical performance · Fig. 5C inset
rutin hydrolysis first-order rate constantMarked as a best value within this paper	0.280 h-1	—	R2 = 0.996 for ln(c/c0) fit	Text Exact Reported	6 · 3.5. Analytical performance · Fig. 5C

DPV interference/selectivity test

Voltammetry

Cu3(HBC)2/SPE · Electrode

Rutin response in presence of 10-fold AA, Glu, Tyr, Trp, Qct, VB2 and 100-fold K+, Cl-, Na+, NO3-, Fe3+, Cu2+, SO4(2-) in 0.1 M PBS pH 3.

Geometry: Cu3(HBC)2/SPE
Context: composite electrode
Measurement source: 6 · 3.5. Analytical performance of Cu3(HBC)2/SPE · Fig. 4B-C

Property	Reported value	Normalised value	Uncertainty	Origin and quality	Source
interference response qualitative	Glu, AA, Tyr, and Trp had minimal impact; VB2, K+, Cl-, Na+, NO3-, Fe3+, Cu2+, and SO4(2-) did not alter DPV response	—	—	Text Qualitative	6 · 3.5. Analytical performance · Fig. 4B-C

cyclic voltammetry pH dependence

Voltammetry

Cu3(HBC)2/SPE · Electrode

0.83 mM rutin in 0.1 M PBS at pH 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, and 5.0.

Geometry: Cu3(HBC)2/SPE
Context: composite electrode
Measurement source: 4-5 · 3.3. Effect of pH · Fig. 3A-B

Property	Reported value	Normalised value	Uncertainty	Origin and quality	Source
optimal pHMarked as a best value within this paper	pH 3.0	—	—	Text Exact Reported	4 · 3.3. Effect of pH · Fig. 3B
reduction peak current at pH 3Marked as a best value within this paper	approximately 1.2 uA from Fig. 3B	—	visual estimate	Visual Estimate Approximate	5 · 3.3. Effect of pH · Fig. 3B
Epa versus pH equation	Epa (V) = -0.048 pH + 0.717; R2 = 0.999	—	R2 = 0.999	Text Exact Reported	4 · 3.3. Effect of pH · Fig. 3A inset
Epc versus pH equation	Epc (V) = -0.053 pH + 0.671; R2 = 0.995	—	R2 = 0.995	Text Exact Reported	4 · 3.3. Effect of pH · Fig. 3A inset

CV/DPV response to quercetin metabolite

Voltammetry

Cu3(HBC)2/SPE · Electrode

0.83 mM Qct CV; 20 uM rutin and 200 uM Qct DPV in 0.1 M PBS pH 3.0; Qct scan-rate data in SI Fig. S2.

Geometry: Cu3(HBC)2/SPE
Context: composite electrode
Measurement source: 6 · 3.5. Analytical performance of Cu3(HBC)2/SPE · Fig. 5A-B; Fig. S2

Property	Reported value	Normalised value	Uncertainty	Origin and quality	Source
Qct adsorption capacity on Cu3(HBC)2/SPE	3.555e-12 mol/cm2	—	—	Text Exact Reported	6 · 3.5. Analytical performance · Fig. S2
Qct oxidation peak current on Cu3(HBC)2/SPE	0.297 uA	—	—	Text Exact Reported	6 · 3.5. Analytical performance · Fig. 5A
Qct reduction peak current on Cu3(HBC)2/SPE	0.053 uA	—	—	Text Exact Reported	6 · 3.5. Analytical performance · Fig. 5A

repeatability, fabrication reproducibility, and post-reaction SEM stability

Scanning electron microscopy

Cu3(HBC)2/SPE · Electrode

Response to 30 uM rutin over four successive measurements and four independently prepared Cu3(HBC)2/SPEs.

Geometry: Cu3(HBC)2/SPE
Context: composite electrode
Measurement source: 6 · 3.6. Repeatability and stability of Cu3(HBC)2/SPE · Fig. S3

Property	Reported value	Normalised value	Uncertainty	Origin and quality	Source
fabrication reproducibility RSD	5.0%	—	four independently prepared Cu3(HBC)2/SPEs	Text Exact Reported	6 · 3.6. Repeatability and stability
successive-measurement repeatability RSD	2.3%	—	four successive measurements	Text Exact Reported	6 · 3.6. Repeatability and stability
post-reaction SEM stability	Cu3(HBC)2 still loaded on electrode surface; morphology did not change significantly	—	—	Text Qualitative	6 · 3.6. Repeatability and stability · Fig. S3

cyclic voltammetry scan-rate dependence

Voltammetry

Cu3(HBC)2/SPE · Electrode

0.83 mM rutin on Cu3(HBC)2/SPE from 10 to 300 mV/s.

Geometry: Cu3(HBC)2/SPE
Context: composite electrode
Measurement source: 5 · 3.4. Effect of scan rate · Fig. 3C-D

Property	Reported value	Normalised value	Uncertainty	Origin and quality	Source
saturated adsorption of rutin on bare SPE	4.823e-11 mol/cm2	—	—	Text Exact Reported	5 · 3.4. Effect of scan rate
saturated adsorption of rutin on Cu3(HBC)2/SPEMarked as a best value within this paper	7.270e-11 mol/cm2	—	—	Text Exact Reported	5 · 3.4. Effect of scan rate
electron/proton transfer number for rutin redox	2 electrons and 2 protons inferred	—	—	Text Exact Reported	5 · 3.4. Effect of scan rate · Fig. 3D
rutin electrode reaction regime	adsorption-controlled process	—	—	Text Qualitative	5 · 3.4. Effect of scan rate · Fig. 3C

DPV determination of rutin in medicinal tablets

Voltammetry

Cu3(HBC)2/SPE · Electrode

Ground commercial rutin tablets dissolved in ultrapure water, ultrasonicated, introduced into 0.1 M PBS pH 3.0, and measured by DPV in triplicate.

Geometry: Cu3(HBC)2/SPE
Context: composite electrode
Measurement source: 6 · 3.7.1. Determination of rutin in medicinal tablets · Table S2

Property	Reported value	Normalised value	Uncertainty	Origin and quality	Source
abstract recovery upper bound	102.3%	—	abstract range 98.2-102.3%	Text Exact Reported	1 · Abstract
abstract recovery lower bound	98.2%	—	abstract range 98.2-102.3%	Text Exact Reported	1 · Abstract
tablet recovery upper bound reported in main text	114%	—	range 104-114%	Text Exact Reported	6 · 3.7.1. Determination of rutin in medicinal tablets · Table S2
tablet recovery lower bound reported in main text	104%	—	range 104-114%	Text Exact Reported	6 · 3.7.1. Determination of rutin in medicinal tablets · Table S2
tablet concentration 1 RSD	4.71%	—	triplicate DPV	Text Exact Reported	6 · 3.7.1. Determination of rutin in medicinal tablets · Table S2
tablet concentration 2 RSD	10.6%	—	triplicate DPV	Text Exact Reported	6 · 3.7.1. Determination of rutin in medicinal tablets · Table S2
tablet concentration 3 RSD	3.77%	—	triplicate DPV	Text Exact Reported	6 · 3.7.1. Determination of rutin in medicinal tablets · Table S2
tablet sample 1 found rutin concentration	added 30 uM; found 31.4 uM; recovery 104%	—	—	SI Table Exact Reported	3 · Table S2 · Table S2
tablet sample 1 recovery	104%	—	—	SI Table Exact Reported	3 · Table S2 · Table S2
tablet sample 2 found rutin concentration	added 20 uM; found 22.8 uM; recovery 114%	—	—	SI Table Exact Reported	3 · Table S2 · Table S2
tablet sample 2 recovery	114%	—	—	SI Table Exact Reported	3 · Table S2 · Table S2
tablet sample 3 found rutin concentration	added 10 uM; found 10.9 uM; recovery 109%	—	—	SI Table Exact Reported	3 · Table S2 · Table S2
tablet sample 3 recovery	109%	—	—	SI Table Exact Reported	3 · Table S2 · Table S2