Primary studyCore evidenceThermoelectric

Polyethenetetrathiolate or polytetrathiooxalate? Improved synthesis, a comparative analysis of a prominent thermoelectric polymer and implications to the charge transport mechanism

Tkachov R., Stepien L., Grafe R. et al. · Polymer Chemistry · 2018 · 4543-4555

5materials
13samples
6synthesis routes
41measurements
169results
7claims and caveats

Evidence map

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Author interpretations and caveats

Paraphrased for this database from the authors’ stated interpretations — never quoted verbatim — and kept separate from reported measurements.

Application RelevanceSupport assessment: High

HCl vapour treatment can increase power factor by decreasing conductivity and increasing Seebeck magnitude, especially for poly[Ni-tto].

Caveat: Exact vapour exposure concentration/time were not specified.

10 · Conclusions · Linked to 3 structured results

Structure Property LinkSupport assessment: High

P3 poly[Ni-tto] has the best first-hand thermoelectric performance in this study, with higher conductivity, more negative Seebeck values and higher power factor than the TPD-derived samples.

Caveat: Sun et al. literature values are discussed but are not first-hand data in this extraction.

5 · Polymerization III · Table 3 · Linked to 4 structured results

Structure Property LinkSupport assessment: High

Poly[Ni-tto] prepared from K2tto avoids severe sulphur oxidation seen in P1, which likely helps preserve regular structure and conductivity.

Caveat: Based on XPS assignment of oxidized sulphur components.

7 · XPS analysis · Fig. 4 · Linked to 2 structured results

Structure Property LinkSupport assessment: Medium

MD and packing models suggest P3 keeps structured close contacts and shorter Ni-Ni distances, supporting efficient electrical conductivity.

Caveat: Packing predictions are simplified and acknowledge disorder/amorphousness limitations.

6 · Comparison of P3 and P1 · Linked to 3 structured results

Synthesis MechanismSupport assessment: High

Using the true monomer K2tto avoids the poorly controlled TPD methanolysis/oxidation sequence and gives a simpler, more reproducible route to poly[Ni-tto].

Caveat: K2tto synthesis itself is cited to previous work, not reproduced here.

10 · Conclusions · Linked to 3 structured results

Transport MechanismSupport assessment: Medium

Higher potassium-cation content in poly[Kx(Ni-ett)] is proposed to reduce conductivity by acting as electron traps near Ni centres.

Caveat: Mechanistic interpretation depends on computational models and not direct carrier trapping measurements.

7 · Comparison of P3 and P1 · Linked to 4 structured results

Transport MechanismSupport assessment: Medium

Charge transport in poly[Ni-tto] is proposed to occur by electron hopping between Ni centres rather than primarily through the pi-conjugated backbone.

Caveat: Authors state more investigations are needed to fully establish the mechanism.

9 · UV-vis-near IR spectroscopy · Linked to 3 structured results

Material identities

Names and aliases are kept exactly within the paper’s own identity model.

MaterialCompositionStructure contextSource
DFT/MD model systems of poly[Kx(Ni-ett)] oligomers(KxNi-ett)3 or (KxNi-ett)4 models with K+ counterionsNi(II) coordinated with four S atoms per model unit. · ethenetetrathiolate-derived dithiolene ligands1D · Model SystemDFT-optimised electrically neutral complexes and packing/MD models for P1.11 · Simulation techniques · Fig. 8
Ni(dmid)2 model complexNi(dmid)2(2-)Nickel bis-dmid complex · dmid2- ligand from TPD methanolysis0D · Model SystemMolecular TD-DFT reference complex for electronic transitions.16 · Simulation Data · Fig. SB9
DFT/MD model systems of poly[Ni-tto] oligomers and dianions(Ni-tto)n, (Ni-tto)n2- and ion-pairs with K+; n = 1-4Ni(II) coordinated with four S atoms per unit in model oligomers. · tetrathiooxalate-derived dithiolene ligands1D · Model SystemIsolated symmetrical DFT models plus packing-predicted and MD-simulated supercells.11 · Simulation techniques · Fig. 8
poly[Kx(Ni-ett)] potassium nickel ethenetetrathiolate coordination polymerpoly[Kx(Ni-ett)]; P1 composition close to poly[K0.3(Ni-ett)], P2 close to poly[K0.82(Ni-ett)]Ni2+ centres coordinated by four sulphur atoms in square-planar nickel-dithiolene units. · ethenetetrathiolate/ett-derived sulphur-rich dithiolene backbone generated from TPD/dmid intermediates1D · PristineCoordination polymer chains; predicted P1 unit cell orthorhombic Pna21 with pi-stacked and herringbone packing elements.1 · Abstract
poly[Ni-tto] nickel polytetrathiooxalate coordination polymerpoly[Ni-tto]; ideal repeat approximated as nickel tetrathiooxalate, experimentally P3 contains low K attributed to chain endsNi2+ centres coordinated by tetrathiooxalate sulphur donor atoms. · tetrathiooxalate (tto2-) from potassium tetrathiooxalate K2tto1D · PristineCoordination polymer chains; predicted P3 unit cell orthorhombic Pna21 with close Ni-Ni contacts and stable pi-stacked/herringbone packing.1 · Abstract

Sample register

Sample form, processing state and composition status define the context for measurements.

Show 13 sample records
SampleForm and roleProcessing and geometrySource
Ni(dmid)2(2-) TD-DFT modelresearch_0602__mat__mat_ni_dmid_modelModel · Model System · ModelTD-DFT reference model in NMF.16 · Simulation Data · Fig. SB9
poly[Kx(Ni-ett)] DFT/MD modelresearch_0602__mat__mat_kx_ni_ett_modelModel · Model System · ModelDFT, packing prediction and NVT-MD model system.11 · Simulation techniques · Fig. 8
poly[Ni-tto] DFT/MD modelresearch_0602__mat__mat_ni_tto_modelModel · Model System · ModelDFT, TD-DFT, packing prediction and NVT-MD model system.11 · Simulation techniques · Fig. 8
P1 poly[Kx(Ni-ett)]research_0602__mat__mat_poly_kx_ni_ettPellet · Pristine Control · Pristine FrameworkCompressed pellet; MeOH:NMF route, air-exposed workup.4 · Polymerization I · Table 1
poly[Kx(Ni-ett)] exposed to HCl vapoursresearch_0602__mat__mat_poly_kx_ni_ettPellet · Target Sample · DopedPressed pellet exposed to HCl vapours under oxygen-free treatment context.9 · UV-vis-near IR spectroscopy · Table 4
poly[Kx(Ni-ett)] exposed to hydrazine vapoursresearch_0602__mat__mat_poly_kx_ni_ettPellet · Target Sample · DopedPressed pellet exposed to hydrazine vapours under oxygen-free treatment context.9 · UV-vis-near IR spectroscopy · Table 4
P1methanol poly[Kx(Ni-ett)]research_0602__mat__mat_poly_kx_ni_ettPellet · Pristine Control · Pristine FrameworkCompressed pellet; prepared in MeOH route with air exposure.3 · Polymerization I
P2 strongly charged poly[Kx(Ni-ett)]research_0602__mat__mat_poly_kx_ni_ettPellet · Pristine Control · Pristine FrameworkAs-synthesised under oxygen-free, low-temperature conditions.4 · Polymerization II
P2-ox post-polymerisation oxidised poly[Kx(Ni-ett)]research_0602__mat__mat_poly_kx_ni_ettPellet · Target Sample · DopedP2 after washing with water in open atmosphere; post-polymerisation oxidised.4 · Polymerization II
P3 poly[Ni-tto]research_0602__mat__mat_poly_ni_ttoPellet · Target Sample · Pristine FrameworkCompressed pellet; direct K2tto/NiCl2 room-temperature product.5 · Polymerization III · Table 3
P3 annealed poly[Ni-tto]research_0602__mat__mat_poly_ni_ttoPellet · Target Sample · Pristine FrameworkP3 compressed pellet annealed 1 h at 110 C before temperature-dependent transport.6 · Thermoelectric properties · Fig. SA4
poly[Ni-tto] exposed to HCl vapoursresearch_0602__mat__mat_poly_ni_ttoPellet · Target Sample · DopedPressed pellet exposed to HCl vapours under oxygen-free treatment context.9 · UV-vis-near IR spectroscopy · Table 4
poly[Ni-tto] exposed to hydrazine vapoursresearch_0602__mat__mat_poly_ni_ttoPellet · Target Sample · DopedPressed pellet exposed to hydrazine vapours under oxygen-free treatment context.9 · UV-vis-near IR spectroscopy · Table 4