Primary studyPeripheral evidenceSensor

Proton Conductive Metal-Organic Framework Encapsulating Emissive Hexacyanidochromate(III) Ions for Ratiometric and Lifetime-Based Detection of Humidity and Temperature

Niemiec M., Zakrzewski J.J., Reczynski M. et al. · Advanced Optical Materials · 2025 · 2403564

4materials
10samples
5synthesis routes
14measurements
90results
6claims and caveats

Evidence map

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Author interpretations and caveats

Paraphrased for this database from the authors’ stated interpretations — never quoted verbatim — and kept separate from reported measurements.

Application RelevanceSupport assessment: High

The Sr-Cr MOF phases provide dual optical sensing: 1a for ratiometric/lifetime humidity sensing and dehydrated 1deh for high-performance luminescent thermometry.

Caveat: The most sensitive DeltaT thermometry parameter is humidity dependent; DeltaT* is less humidity dependent but has lower sensitivity.

p.10 · Conclusion · Linked to 3 structured results

CaveatSupport assessment: High

The highest-sensitivity DeltaT thermometric parameter is not ideal for simultaneous T/RH readout because it depends strongly on humidity; DeltaT* is the humidity-robust alternative.

Caveat: DeltaT* performance is weaker than DeltaT.

p.10 · 2.5 Dependence of Luminescence on Temperature · Figure S19/S20 · Linked to 2 structured results

Structure Property LinkSupport assessment: Medium

Ba-based analogues 3/4 use cyanido bridges and this structural change limits both porosity and luminescent properties relative to Sr-Cr 1a.

Caveat: Conductivity was not reported for Ba analogues.

p.10 · Conclusion · Linked to 2 structured results

Structure Property LinkSupport assessment: High

Water sorption in 1a is reversible and occurs without a breathing effect; the MOF skeleton remains largely intact between 1a and 1deh.

Caveat: Water uptake changes lattice solvation; dehydration further beyond 1deh damages crystallinity by removing coordinated aqua ligand.

p.5 · 2.2 Dynamic Vapor Sorption · Figure 3a · Linked to 3 structured results

Transport MechanismSupport assessment: High

At high humidity, adsorbed water molecules in 1a are the source of distinct proton conductivity; conductivity increase near saturation is attributed to reduced water vacancies.

Caveat: Conductivity values are modest and only extracted at high RH.

p.5/p.10 · 2.2; Conclusion · Figure 3 · Linked to 3 structured results

Transport MechanismSupport assessment: Medium

Activation energies of 1.45 and 0.69 eV exceed the 0.5 eV proton-hopping boundary, so the authors assign vehicle-type proton transfer in 1a.

Caveat: Mechanism is inferred from activation energies and structural arguments; no isotope or direct proton-transport experiment is reported.

p.5 · 2.2 Dynamic Vapor Sorption and Proton Conductivity Studies · Figure S14 · Linked to 2 structured results

Material identities

Names and aliases are kept exactly within the paper’s own identity model.

MaterialCompositionStructure contextSource
Ba-Co hybrid hexacyanidocobaltate framework (4/4a){[BaII(4,4'-bpdo)1.5(H2O)3(NO3)][BaII(4,4'-bpdo)1.5(H2O)3(MeOH)][CoIII(CN)6]}.n(solvent)BaII centres with both 4,4'-bpdo and cyanido bridges; [CoIII(CN)6]3- participates in bridging · 4,4'-bpdo plus cyanido bridges3D · PristineHybrid organic-inorganic framework, triclinic P-1; cobalt analogue of 3.p.4 · 2.1 Structural Studies · Figure 2
Ba-Cr hybrid hexacyanidochromate framework (3/3a){[BaII(4,4'-bpdo)1.5(H2O)3(NO3)][BaII(4,4'-bpdo)1.5(H2O)3(MeOH)][CrIII(CN)6]}.n(solvent)BaII centres with both 4,4'-bpdo and cyanido bridges; [CrIII(CN)6]3- participates in bridging · 4,4'-bpdo plus cyanido bridges3D · PristineHybrid organic-inorganic framework, triclinic P-1; BaII analogue has cyanido bridges and reduced porosity/luminescence relative to Sr-Cr material.p.4 · 2.1 Structural Studies · Figure 2
Sr-Co hexacyanidocobaltate cationic MOF analogue (2/2a){[SrII(4,4'-bpdo)2.5(NO3)][SrII(4,4'-bpdo)2.5(H2O)]}[CoIII(CN)6].n(solvent)SrII nodes; non-coordinated [CoIII(CN)6]3- anions in channels · 4,4'-bpdo3D · PristineStructural analogue of 1, triclinic P-1 by SC-XRD; air-dried phase 2a used as comparison for sorption and photoluminescence.p.4 · 2.1 Structural Studies · Figures S4-S5
Sr-Cr hexacyanidochromate cationic MOF family (1/1a/1deh){[SrII(4,4'-bpdo)2.5(NO3)][SrII(4,4'-bpdo)2.5(H2O)]}[CrIII(CN)6].n(solvent)SrII nodes in a cationic metal-organic framework; non-coordinated [CrIII(CN)6]3- anions in channels · 4,4'-bipyridine-N,N'-dioxide (4,4'-bpdo)3D · PristineTriclinic P-1; 3D cationic framework with channels along the a axis containing hexacyanidochromate anions and solvent; air-stable 1a and dehydrated 1deh are post-synthetic phases of 1.p.3 · 2.1 Structural Studies · Figure 1

Sample register

Sample form, processing state and composition status define the context for measurements.

Show 10 sample records
SampleForm and roleProcessing and geometrySource
compound 1 as-synthesised single crystalresearch_0886__mat__sr_cr_mofSingle Crystal · Target Sample · Guest Loadedmother-liquor crystal protected with Apiezon grease; contains 4MeOH and 2H2O crystallisation solventS3 · Synthesis of 1
air-stable 1a bulk polycrystalline powderresearch_0886__mat__sr_cr_mofPowder · Target Sample · Pristine Frameworkair-dried and mass-stabilised at ambient laboratory conditions, 21 C and ca. 40% RHS3 · Synthesis of 1 and preparation of 1a
1a proton-conductivity pellet with Au contactsresearch_0886__mat__sr_cr_mofPellet · Target Sample · Pristine Frameworkground polycrystalline 1a pressed into 5 mm diameter, 0.543 mm thick pellet; both sides coated with Au0.543 mmS5 · Physical techniques
dehydrated 1deh bulk powderresearch_0886__mat__sr_cr_mofPowder · Target Sample · Pristine Framework1a heated to 333 K under vacuum for 24 h with Ar purging; handled under Ar/gloveboxS3 · Preparation of 1deh
compound 2 as-synthesised single crystalresearch_0886__mat__sr_co_mofSingle Crystal · Target Sample · Guest Loadedanalogous synthesis to 1 using (bmba)3[CoIII(CN)6]S4 · Synthesis of 2, 3, and 4
air-dried 2a bulk powderresearch_0886__mat__sr_co_mofPowder · Target Sample · Pristine Frameworkair-dried phase of 2 used for physical experimentsS4 · Synthesis of 2, 3, and 4
compound 3 as-synthesised single crystalresearch_0886__mat__ba_cr_frameworkSingle Crystal · Target Sample · Guest LoadedBaII-based system made with Ba(NO3)2 and Cr precursor; mother-solution crystalS4 · Synthesis of 2, 3, and 4
air-dried 3a bulk powderresearch_0886__mat__ba_cr_frameworkPowder · Target Sample · Pristine Frameworkair-dried phase of 3 used for physical experimentsS4 · Synthesis of 2, 3, and 4
compound 4 as-synthesised single crystalresearch_0886__mat__ba_co_frameworkSingle Crystal · Target Sample · Guest LoadedBaII-based system made with Ba(NO3)2 and Co precursor; mother-solution crystalS4 · Synthesis of 2, 3, and 4
air-dried 4a bulk powderresearch_0886__mat__ba_co_frameworkPowder · Target Sample · Pristine Frameworkair-dried phase of 4 used for physical experimentsS4 · Synthesis of 2, 3, and 4