Primary studyCore evidenceTransport Physics

Electrical conductivity through π–π stacking in a two-dimensional porous gallium catecholate metal–organic framework

Skorupskii G., Chanteux G., Le K.N. et al. · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · 2022 · 226-230

2materials
5samples
3synthesis routes
11measurements
47results
5claims and caveats

Evidence map

Open a family to keep every result attached to its sample, method and conditions.

Author interpretations and caveats

Paraphrased for this database from the authors’ stated interpretations — never quoted verbatim — and kept separate from reported measurements.

Application RelevanceSupport assessment: High

Ga9(HOTP)4 extends layered conductive MOFs beyond the common late first-row divalent transition-metal ions to trivalent, closed-shell gallium.

Caveat: The study reports moderate pellet conductivity rather than record single-crystal conductivity.

main p.226-p227 · Abstract; Introduction · Linked to 2 structured results

CaveatSupport assessment: Medium

The measured pellet conductivity may be dominated by grain-boundary resistance, consistent with nanocrystalline powder morphology and 3D Mott VRH temperature dependence.

Caveat: Presented as one of two possible explanations; not isolated by single-crystal or contact-independent measurements.

main p.227 · Results and discussion · Figure 4B · Linked to 4 structured results

Structure Property LinkSupport assessment: High

Supercritical CO2-activated Ga9(HOTP)4 is intrinsically porous, as indicated by type-I N2 adsorption and a BET surface area matching the geometric prediction.

Caveat: Pore volume is reduced relative to Co9(HOTP)4 because ordered sulfate anions occupy the pores.

main p.227-p228 · Results and discussion · Figure 3 · Linked to 4 structured results

Synthesis MechanismSupport assessment: High

The framework synthesis is presented as a greener alternative because it uses water, mild temperature and no toxic organic solvents or transition metals.

Caveat: Supercritical CO2 activation uses ethanol exchange and specialised equipment; no formal life-cycle or scalability assessment is reported.

main p.227 · Results and discussion

Transport MechanismSupport assessment: Medium

Pi-pi stacking interactions between aromatic linkers likely provide a pathway for electronic transport and help explain why Ga9(HOTP)4 has conductivity similar to Ni(II) and Co(II) analogues despite different metal-node chemistry.

Caveat: Authors also note grain-boundary resistance could dominate pressed-pellet measurements.

main p.228-p229 · Results and discussion; conclusion · Figures 4-5 · Linked to 4 structured results

Material identities

Names and aliases are kept exactly within the paper’s own identity model.

MaterialCompositionStructure contextSource
Ga9(HOTP)4Overall formula excluding noncoordinated solvent: Ga9(H2O)30(HOTP)4(SO4)6; Rietveld table formula: C72 Ga9 O95 S6Trivalent gallium nodes; interleaved [(H2O)4Ga]3(HOTP) molecular clusters and [(H2O)2Ga]3(HOTP)2 polymeric layers · 2,3,6,7,10,11-hexahydroxytriphenylene-derived HOTP linker2D · PristineLayered trigonal P-3c1 porous gallium catecholate MOF with ordered sulfate anions in the pores, approximately 8 A pore diameter, and approximately 3.45 A pi-pi layer separation.main p.227 · Results and discussion · Figure 1
Ga9(HOTP)4 HOTP4- DFT modelModified crystallographic Ga9(HOTP)4 model with noncoordinated moieties removed and average HOTP4- linker charge stateGallium-based model derived from the experimental Ga9(HOTP)4 crystallographic structure · HOTP4- model linker state2D · Model SystemComputational model made from the experimental structure by removing noncoordinated sulfate anions and guest solvent oxygen atoms, adding hydrogen atoms to coordinated aquo and hydroxy ligands, and selecting the HOTP4- charge-state scenario.SI p.6 · Computational methods · Table S1; Figure 5

Sample register

Sample form, processing state and composition status define the context for measurements.

Show 5 sample records
SampleForm and roleProcessing and geometrySource
As-made Ga9(HOTP)4 microcrystalline powderresearch_0012__mat__ga9_hotp4Powder · Target Sample · Guest LoadedDark blue/teal microcrystalline powder collected after aqueous sealed-vial synthesis and solvent washing; noncoordinated solvent not excluded from as-made sample.SI p.2 · Typical synthesis of Ga9(HOTP)4 · Figure S2
Ga9(HOTP)4 HOTP4- electronic-structure modelresearch_0012__mat__ga9_hotp4_dft_modelModel · Model System · ModelDFT model derived from the refined crystallographic structure with the HOTP4- charge-state scenario.SI p.6 · Computational methods · Figure 5
Ga9(HOTP)4 powder activated by heating in vacuoresearch_0012__mat__ga9_hotp4Powder · Target Sample · Pristine FrameworkSample heated at 90 C under vacuum for attempted activation; reported to lose significant crystallinity.SI p.2 · Elemental and thermogravimetric analysis · Figure S2
Pressed pellet of Ga9(HOTP)4research_0012__mat__ga9_hotp4Pellet · Target Sample · Pristine FrameworkPressed pellet prepared from Ga9(HOTP)4 powder for two-probe resistivity and I-V measurements; data collected over three independent batches.main p.227 · Results and discussion · Figure 4
Supercritical CO2-activated Ga9(HOTP)4 powderresearch_0012__mat__ga9_hotp4Powder · Target Sample · Pristine FrameworkAs-made powder activated by supercritical CO2 drying, then evacuated overnight at 45 C and transferred to a dry N2-filled glovebox.SI p.3 · Elemental and thermogravimetric analysis · Figure S2