Primary studyCore evidenceTransport Physics

Pd-Embedded Ti Metal–Organic Framework Nanostructures for Photocatalytic Reductive N-Formylation of Nitroarenes in Water

Kar A.K., Behera A., Srivastava R. · ACS Applied Nano Materials · 2022 · 464-475

3materials
7samples
2synthesis routes
29measurements
121results
6claims and caveats

Evidence map

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Author interpretations and caveats

Paraphrased for this database from the authors’ stated interpretations — never quoted verbatim — and kept separate from reported measurements.

Application RelevanceSupport assessment: High

Pd1.5%/Ti-MOF is selected as the optimum Pd loading for NB N-formylation because it reaches complete conversion with high N-formyl aniline selectivity under LED and sunlight.

Caveat: Pd2% also gives complete conversion and Pd2.5% gives slightly higher 1B selectivity but lower conversion.

p008 / article p471 · Photocatalytic Activity · Table 1 · Linked to 4 structured results

Application RelevanceSupport assessment: Medium

Pd1.5%/Ti-MOF is recyclable and structurally stable over five photocatalytic cycles.

Caveat: Cycle-by-cycle numerical recycling values beyond the fifth-cycle text value are approximate from a bar chart.

p008 / article p471 · Photocatalytic Activity · Figure 7a; Figure S9 referenced · Linked to 5 structured results

Structure Property LinkSupport assessment: High

XPS shifts and Pd 3d deconvolution support electronic interaction between Pd nanoparticles and Ti-MOF, forming a Pd-MOF interface.

Caveat: XPS deconvolution and SI surface survey/anchoring figure support the interface; exact structural position of all Pd NPs remains partly inferential.

p005 / article p468 · Physicochemical Characterization · Figure 4 · Linked to 5 structured results

Structure Property LinkSupport assessment: High

Pd incorporation decreases Ti-MOF surface area and pore volume, consistent with partial Pd loading in or on the framework while retaining microporosity.

Caveat: The paper argues most catalytically relevant Pd is on the surface, while a small fraction may enter pores; the exact distribution is inferred from N2 sorption, TEM, and XPS.

p003-p005 / article pp466-468 · Physicochemical Characterization · Figure 1b; Table S1; TEM/XPS discussion · Linked to 5 structured results

Synthesis MechanismSupport assessment: Medium

HCOOH photodecomposition over Pd1.5%/Ti-MOF proceeds via a decarboxylation route to CO2 and H2; H2 is trapped at Pd sites as Pd-H and participates in nitroarene reduction.

Caveat: GC-TCD H2 and CO2 concentrations were read from rendered SI Figure S10; H2 amount is low and authors attribute this to Pd-site entrapment.

p010 / article p473 · Mechanistic Study · Scheme 2; Figure S10 referenced · Linked to 7 structured results

Transport MechanismSupport assessment: High

Pd incorporation improves charge separation and transfer in Ti-MOF, giving lower PL intensity, shorter TCSPC lifetime, larger photocurrent, and lower EIS arc radius.

Caveat: Fitted EIS resistance values are not reported; Nyquist arc extents are visual estimates rather than fitted Rct.

p007 / article p470 · Optoelectronic Properties · Figure 6 · Linked to 7 structured results

Material identities

Names and aliases are kept exactly within the paper’s own identity model.

MaterialCompositionStructure contextSource
Pd nanoparticle controlPdPd nanoparticles0D · UnknownColloidal Pd NP control; not a MOFp007 / article p470 · Photocatalytic Activity · Table 1
Pd nanoparticle-decorated Ti-MOF / Pd/Ti-MOFPd/Ti-MOFTi-oxo clusters with Pd nanoparticles · amino terephthalic ligand / NH2-BDC3D · CompositePd-decorated NH2-MIL-125(Ti); PXRD pattern retained after Pd incorporationp002-p003 / article pp465-466 · Results and Discussion · Figure 1a
NH2-MIL-125(Ti), designated Ti-MOFNot specifiedTi-oxo clusters · amino terephthalic ligand / NH2-BDC3D · PristineNH2-MIL-125(Ti); PXRD matches simulated Ti-MOF card no. 7211159p002 / article p465 · Experimental Section; Results and Discussion · Figure 1a

Sample register

Sample form, processing state and composition status define the context for measurements.

Show 7 sample records
SampleForm and roleProcessing and geometrySource
Pd1.5%/Ti-MOFresearch_0559__mat__mat_pd_ti_mofPowder · Target Sample · CompositePd nanoparticle-embedded/decorated Ti-MOF catalyst powderp007 / article p470 · Photocatalytic Activity · Table 1
spent Pd1.5%/Ti-MOF after recyclingresearch_0559__mat__mat_pd_ti_mofPowder · Composite Sample · Compositespent catalyst after photocatalytic recycling testsp010 / SI pS10 · Figure S9 · Figure S9
Pd1%/Ti-MOFresearch_0559__mat__mat_pd_ti_mofPowder · Composite Sample · CompositePd-decorated Ti-MOF catalyst powderp003 / article p466 · Results and Discussion · Figure 1a; Table 1
Pd2.5%/Ti-MOFresearch_0559__mat__mat_pd_ti_mofPowder · Composite Sample · CompositePd-decorated Ti-MOF catalyst powderp007 / article p470 · Photocatalytic Activity · Table 1
Pd2%/Ti-MOFresearch_0559__mat__mat_pd_ti_mofPowder · Composite Sample · CompositePd-decorated Ti-MOF catalyst powderp007 / article p470 · Photocatalytic Activity · Table 1
Pd NPresearch_0559__mat__mat_pd_npUnknown · Pristine Control · Unknowncolloidal Pd nanoparticle controlp007 / article p470 · Photocatalytic Activity · Table 1
Ti-MOFresearch_0559__mat__mat_ti_mofPowder · Pristine Control · Pristine Frameworkas-synthesised catalyst powderp003 / article p466 · Physicochemical Characterization · Figure 2a,b