Primary studyCore evidenceTransport Physics

Continuous and reversible tuning of inter-layer spacings in two-dimensional conductive metal organic frameworks

Dontireddy G.M.R., Suman S.P., Merino-Gardea J.L. et al. · Journal of Materials Chemistry A · 2025 · 8734-8741

3materials
19samples
8synthesis routes
18measurements
33results
5claims and caveats

Evidence map

Open a family to keep every result attached to its sample, method and conditions.

Author interpretations and caveats

Paraphrased for this database from the authors’ stated interpretations — never quoted verbatim — and kept separate from reported measurements.

Structure Property LinkSupport assessment: Medium

Optical band gaps also show little or no correlation with inter-layer spacing across the tested Ga9HHTP4 and Ni6HHTT3 samples.

Caveat: Ga9HHTP4 has a text-reported range, but Ni6HHTT3 numeric values are only visually estimated from Fig. 5b.

p006 · Charge transport properties · Fig. 5 · Linked to 2 structured results

Structure Property LinkSupport assessment: High

Electrical conductivity does not correlate with inter-layer spacing in the Ga9HHTP4 or Ni6HHTT3 sample families.

Caveat: Several solvent-specific conductivity values are read from plotted data with replicate scatter; pellet making/setup differences are acknowledged for Rice versus UTEP duplicate measurements.

p005 · Charge transport properties · Fig. 4 · Linked to 5 structured results

Synthesis MechanismSupport assessment: Medium

Water removal is presented as a potentially general post-synthetic strategy to access contracted lattices in octahedrally coordinated 2D cMOFs.

Caveat: Only two water-hosting octahedral 2D cMOFs are directly tested, and Cu3HHTT2 is used only as a heat-control analogue.

p005 · Solvent removal in Ni6HHTT3 · Linked to 4 structured results

Synthesis MechanismSupport assessment: High

Partial water removal during heating drives the reversible contraction of Ga9HHTP4, and water soaking re-expands the lattice toward the pristine state.

Caveat: FTIR indicates water is retained after heating, so removal is partial and the exact sequence of in-pore versus axial water removal remains unresolved.

p004 · Solvent removal/exchange in Ga9HHTP4 · Fig. S9 · Linked to 5 structured results

Transport MechanismSupport assessment: Medium

The lack of conductivity and band-gap correlation with inter-layer spacing suggests a greater role for in-plane electron conduction than previously attributed in these octahedrally coordinated MOFs.

Caveat: Authors note that single-crystalline samples will be crucial to test the hypothesis; bulk pellet measurements may include grain-boundary and disorder effects.

p006 · Discussion · Linked to 7 structured results

Material identities

Names and aliases are kept exactly within the paper’s own identity model.

MaterialCompositionStructure contextSource
Cu3HHTT2Browse family: Cu₃(HHTT)₂ (tetraaza–HHTT)Cu3(hexahydroxytetraazanaphthotetraphene)2Cu nodes in square-planar coordination network · HHTT2D · PristineSquare-planar 2D cMOF analogue of Ni6HHTT3 that does not host water molecules.p005 · Solvent removal in Ni6HHTT3 · Fig. S14
Ga9HHTP4Ga9(hexahydroxytriphenylene)4 with ordered sulfate anionsGa(III) in octahedral coordination environments; alternating polymeric layers and complex layers · 2,3,6,7,10,11-hexahydroxytriphenylene (HHTP)2D · PristineLayer-stacked octahedrally coordinated 2D cMOF, reported P-3c1 Pawley fit retained after heating; pristine inter-layer separation 3.45 Angstrom.p002 · Results · Fig. 1
Ni6HHTT3Ni6(hexahydroxytetraazanaphthotetraphene)3Ni(II) in octahedral coordination environments with hydrated/trinuclear complex motifs · 2,3,7,8,12,13-hexahydroxytricycloquinazoline / hexahydroxytetraazanaphthotetraphene (HHTT)2D · PristineLayered HHTT-based 2D cMOF; pores occupied by trinuclear complexes, described as non-porous; pristine inter-layer separation 3.30 Angstrom.p002 · Results · Fig. 3 and Fig. S3

Sample register

Sample form, processing state and composition status define the context for measurements.

Show 19 sample records
SampleForm and roleProcessing and geometrySource
Heat-treated Cu3HHTT2research_0510__mat__cu3hhtt2Powder · Target Sample · Pristine FrameworkCu3HHTT2 heated at 90 deg C for comparison with pristine Cu3HHTT2.p005 · Solvent removal in Ni6HHTT3 · Fig. S14
Cu3HHTT2 multi-sample comparison seriesresearch_0510__mat__cu3hhtt2Powder · Paper Level Unspecified · Unknownpaper_level_unspecifiedp005 · Solvent removal in Ni6HHTT3 · Fig. S14
Pristine Cu3HHTT2 powderresearch_0510__mat__cu3hhtt2Powder · Pristine Control · Pristine FrameworkPristine Cu3HHTT2 control; synthesis not reported in this paper.p005 · Solvent removal in Ni6HHTT3 · Fig. S14
Acetonitrile-soaked HT-Ga9HHTP4research_0510__mat__ga9hhtp4Powder · Target Sample · Guest LoadedHT-Ga9HHTP4 soaked overnight in acetonitrile, filtered, then briefly heated at 60 deg C.p004 · Solvent removal/exchange in Ga9HHTP4 · Fig. 2
Ambient-exposed HT-Ga9HHTP4research_0510__mat__ga9hhtp4Powder · Target Sample · Guest LoadedHeat-treated Ga9HHTP4 exposed to ambient conditions for several days to one week.p003 · Solvent removal/exchange in Ga9HHTP4 · Fig. S7
Chloroform-soaked HT-Ga9HHTP4research_0510__mat__ga9hhtp4Powder · Target Sample · Guest LoadedHT-Ga9HHTP4 soaked overnight in chloroform.p016 · Figure S10 · Fig. S10
Dichloromethane-soaked HT-Ga9HHTP4research_0510__mat__ga9hhtp4Powder · Target Sample · Guest LoadedHT-Ga9HHTP4 soaked overnight in dichloromethane.p016 · Figure S10 · Fig. S10
DMF-soaked HT-Ga9HHTP4research_0510__mat__ga9hhtp4Powder · Target Sample · Guest LoadedHT-Ga9HHTP4 soaked overnight in N,N-dimethylformamide, filtered, then briefly heated at 60 deg C.p005 · Charge transport properties · Fig. 4
DMSO-soaked HT-Ga9HHTP4research_0510__mat__ga9hhtp4Powder · Target Sample · Guest LoadedHT-Ga9HHTP4 soaked overnight in dimethyl sulfoxide.p016 · Figure S10 · Fig. S10
Ethanol-soaked HT-Ga9HHTP4research_0510__mat__ga9hhtp4Powder · Target Sample · Guest LoadedHT-Ga9HHTP4 soaked overnight in ethanol, filtered, then briefly heated at 60 deg C.p004 · Solvent removal/exchange in Ga9HHTP4 · Fig. 2
Heat-treated Ga9HHTP4 (HT-Ga9HHTP4)research_0510__mat__ga9hhtp4Powder · Target Sample · Guest LoadedHeated under dynamic vacuum at 90 deg C for 12 h; only partial water removal inferred.p003 · Procedures for heating and soaking samples
Ga9HHTP4 multi-sample comparison seriesresearch_0510__mat__ga9hhtp4Powder · Paper Level Unspecified · Unknownpaper_level_unspecifiedp002 · Synthesis of Ga9HHTP4
Propylene carbonate-soaked HT-Ga9HHTP4research_0510__mat__ga9hhtp4Powder · Target Sample · Guest LoadedHT-Ga9HHTP4 soaked overnight in propylene carbonate.p016 · Figure S10 · Fig. S10
Pristine Ga9HHTP4 powderresearch_0510__mat__ga9hhtp4Powder · Pristine Control · Pristine FrameworkAs-synthesised dark blue powder collected by centrifugation and washed with water and acetone.p002 · Synthesis of Ga9HHTP4
Water-soaked HT-Ga9HHTP4research_0510__mat__ga9hhtp4Powder · Target Sample · Guest LoadedHT-Ga9HHTP4 soaked overnight in water, filtered, then briefly heated at 60 deg C to remove residues.p003 · Solvent removal/exchange in Ga9HHTP4 · Fig. 2 and Fig. S8
Heat-treated Ni6HHTT3research_0510__mat__ni6hhtt3Powder · Target Sample · Guest LoadedNi6HHTT3 heated under dynamic vacuum at 90 deg C for 12 h.p005 · Solvent removal in Ni6HHTT3 · Fig. 3 and Fig. S15
Ni6HHTT3 multi-sample comparison seriesresearch_0510__mat__ni6hhtt3Powder · Paper Level Unspecified · Unknownpaper_level_unspecifiedp002 · Synthesis of Ni6HHTT3 MOF
Pristine Ni6HHTT3 powderresearch_0510__mat__ni6hhtt3Powder · Pristine Control · Pristine FrameworkAs-synthesised black powder washed with water, DMF, ethanol and acetone.p002 · Synthesis of Ni6HHTT3 MOF
Water-soaked HT-Ni6HHTT3research_0510__mat__ni6hhtt3Powder · Target Sample · Guest LoadedHeat-treated Ni6HHTT3 soaked in water.p005 · Solvent removal in Ni6HHTT3 · Fig. S16