Bai L., Xu Y., Liu Y. et al. · Nature Communications · 2025 · 3484
Open a family to keep every result attached to its sample, method and conditions.
Paraphrased for this database from the authors’ stated interpretations — never quoted verbatim — and kept separate from reported measurements.
The MOF Glass infusion strategy supports high-energy lithium-metal battery formats, including a 2.0 Ah pouch cell with 385.5 Wh/kg and 86.9% retention after 300 cycles.
Caveat: Authors note the pouch-cell performance is laboratory scale and could be improved further by optimising electrolyte and pouch parameters.
main p.9 · Enhanced cycling stability and energy density · Fig. 5i · Linked to 3 structured results
The same MOF Glass liquid-infusion method improves cycling of LRMO and LCO high-voltage cathodes in addition to NCM-811.
Caveat: Extension evidence is electrochemical; detailed structural characterisation is less extensive than for NCM-811.
main p.9 · Enhanced cycling stability and energy density · Fig. 5g,h · Linked to 3 structured results
The 2 wt% MOF Glass coating is selected as the main configuration because 5 wt% and 10 wt% give nearly similar TM-loss and cycling behaviour while higher coating loading reduces energy density and increases fabrication cost.
Caveat: The exact cost/energy-density penalty is not numerically tabulated.
main p.3-4 · Results and discussion · Supplementary Figs. 18-19 · Linked to 2 structured results
Glass@NCM-811 forms a double-layer structure: an outer electrically non-conductive porous MOF Glass with 2.9 Angstrom pore windows for Li-ion pre-desolvation, and an inner Li-P/O-P-Li-containing layer that accelerates Li-ion transport.
Caveat: Inner-layer chemical assignment is based on XPS etching and literature association of Li-P/O-P-Li with Li-ion transport.
main p.4 · Results and discussion · Fig. 1n; Fig. 2f,g · Linked to 4 structured results
Particle-level MOF Glass coating suppresses cathode cracking, CEI growth, cation mixing, gas generation and transition-metal dissolution/migration during cycling.
Caveat: Some degradation evidence is qualitative microscopy/spectroscopy; ICP and DEMS provide stronger quantitative/operando support.
main p.7 · Fig. 4 caption · Fig. 4i · Linked to 4 structured results
Heating Zn-P-dmbIm MOF powder to a low-viscosity liquid allows infiltration into NCM-811 secondary-particle voids and grain boundaries before vitrification, producing complete particle-level MOF Glass coverage.
Caveat: Coverage is supported by microscopy and elemental mapping; exact percentage is asserted by authors rather than directly quantified in a table.
main p.2-3 · Results and discussion · Fig. 1d; Supplementary Fig. 6 · Linked to 3 structured results
The MOF Glass coating lowers Li-ion desolvation/transport activation energies and polarisation, enabling faster charging and higher 5 C capacity than bare NCM-811.
Caveat: Activation-energy separation in Fig. 2g is reported schematically/graphically; total EIS-derived activation energy is more directly quantified.
main p.4-5 · Fast Li-ion desolvation and diffusion · Fig. 2b-g · Linked to 6 structured results
Names and aliases are kept exactly within the paper’s own identity model.
| Material | Composition | Structure context | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Glass@LCO MOF-glass-coated LiCoO2 cathode composite | 2 wt% Zn-P-dmbIm MOF Glass on LiCoO2 cathodeMOF Glass Zn/P/O component on LCO · dmbIm-derived MOF Glass component | unknown · CompositeMOF Glass coating prepared by the same liquid-infusion approach as Glass@NCM-811. | main p.9 · Enhanced cycling stability and energy density · Fig. 5h |
| Glass@LRMO MOF-glass-coated Li-rich manganese oxide cathode composite | 2 wt% Zn-P-dmbIm MOF Glass on Li-rich manganese oxide cathodeMOF Glass Zn/P/O component on LRMO · dmbIm-derived MOF Glass component | unknown · CompositeMOF Glass coating prepared by the same liquid-infusion approach as Glass@NCM-811. | main p.9 · Enhanced cycling stability and energy density · Fig. 5g |
| Glass@NCM-811 MOF-glass-coated cathode composite | 2 wt% Zn-P-dmbIm MOF Glass on LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 unless otherwise specifiedMOF Glass Zn/P/O component on NCM-811 secondary particles · dmbIm-derived MOF Glass component | unknown · CompositeMOF Glass layer coats NCM-811 particle surfaces and grain boundaries; double layer with porous outer glass and Li-P/O-P-Li-containing inner layer. | main p.3-4 · Results and discussion · Fig. 1d,h,l,m,n |
| Bare LiCoO2 cathode control | LiCoO2Layered cobalt oxide cathode, non-MOF control | unknown · UnknownPristine LCO high-voltage cathode control. | main p.9-10 · Methods |
| Bare Li-rich manganese oxide cathode control | LRMO; exact formula not specified in textLi-rich manganese oxide cathode, non-MOF control | unknown · UnknownPristine LRMO high-voltage cathode control. | main p.9-10 · Methods |
| Bare NCM-811 cathode material control | LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2Layered Ni/Co/Mn oxide cathode, non-MOF control | unknown · UnknownPristine layered NCM-811 cathode control. | main p.10 · Cell assembly and electrochemical measurements |
| Zn-P-dmbIm metal-organic framework powder | Zn-P-dmbIm; exact empirical formula not reported in article textZn from Zn(OAc)2.2H2O with phosphate/P-O-containing coordination environment · 5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole (dmbIm); phosphoric acid used as P-containing component | 1D · PristineCrystalline MOF powder with 1D sub-nanochannels and a 3.4 Angstrom pore window. | main p.2 · Results and discussion · Supplementary Fig. 1; Supplementary Fig. 2 |
| Zn-P-dmbIm MOF Glass | Zn-P-dmbIm Glass; exact empirical formula not reported in article textZn/P/O-containing glass derived from Zn-P-dmbIm MOF · dmbIm-derived N-H/C-N components retained after vitrification | 1D · PristineAmorphous/short-range ordered MOF glass retaining 1D channels with narrower average pore windows than the crystalline MOF. | main p.2-4 · Results and discussion · Fig. 1c,n; Supplementary Figs. 3-4 |
Sample form, processing state and composition status define the context for measurements.
| Sample | Form and role | Processing and geometry | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bare LCO cathode controlresearch_0795__mat__lco_control | Powder · Pristine Control · Unknown | Commercial LCO cathode fabricated into electrodes by same electrode recipe. | main p.10 · Electrodes preparation |
| Bare LRMO cathode controlresearch_0795__mat__lrmo_control | Powder · Pristine Control · Unknown | Commercial LRMO cathode fabricated into electrodes by same electrode recipe. | main p.10 · Electrodes preparation |
| Bare NCM-811 cathode controlresearch_0795__mat__ncm811_control | Powder · Pristine Control · Unknown | Commercial NCM-811 cathode material fabricated into electrodes using the same electrode preparation process as coated cathodes. | main p.10 · Electrodes preparation |
| Carbon black electrode controlresearch_0795__mat__ncm811_control | Electrode · Pristine Control · Composite | Carbon black and PVDF mixed in 9:1 ratio and coated as electrode.Al foil current collector | main p.10 · Electrodes preparation |
| Glass@LCO, 2 wt% MOF Glass coatingresearch_0795__mat__glass_lco_composite | Powder · Target Sample · Composite | Zn-P-dmbIm MOF powder mixed with LCO, heated 175 deg C under vacuum for 30 min, fast cooled.2 wt% MOF Glass coating | main p.9 · Synthesis of MOF glass coated high-voltage cathodes |
| Glass@LRMO, 2 wt% MOF Glass coatingresearch_0795__mat__glass_lrmo_composite | Powder · Target Sample · Composite | Zn-P-dmbIm MOF powder mixed with LRMO, heated 175 deg C under vacuum for 30 min, fast cooled.2 wt% MOF Glass coating | main p.9 · Synthesis of MOF glass coated high-voltage cathodes |
| Glass@NCM-811, 2 wt% MOF Glass coatingresearch_0795__mat__glass_ncm811_composite | Powder · Target Sample · Composite | Zn-P-dmbIm MOF powder mixed with NCM-811, heated 175 deg C under vacuum for 30 min, fast cooled.TEM-observed outer Glass layer about 15 nm; 2 wt% MOF Glass coating | main p.4 · Results and discussion · Fig. 1l; Supplementary Fig. 19 |
| Glass-NCM-811 electrode-level MOF Glass coating controlresearch_0795__mat__glass_ncm811_composite | Electrode · Composite Sample · Composite | MOF Glass directly coated on the cathode electrode rather than infused at particle level.NCM-811 composite electrode | SI p.55 · Supplementary Fig. 53 · Supplementary Fig. 53 |
| Glass@NCM-811 high-loading variants, 5/10 wt% MOF Glassresearch_0795__mat__glass_ncm811_composite | Powder · Composite Sample · Composite | Same low-temperature MOF liquid-infusion process with 5 or 10 wt% MOF additions.Thicker and more uniform MOF Glass layers than lower-loading variants | main p.3-4 · Results and discussion · Supplementary Figs. 14-19 |
| Glass@NCM-811 low-loading variants, 0.25/0.5/1 wt% MOF Glassresearch_0795__mat__glass_ncm811_composite | Powder · Composite Sample · Composite | Same low-temperature MOF liquid-infusion process with lower MOF additions.Thinner and less uniform MOF Glass layers; some NCM-811 particles left uncovered | SI p.13 · Supplementary Fig. 11 · Supplementary Fig. 11 |
| Li||Glass@NCM-811 pouch-cellresearch_0795__mat__glass_ncm811_composite | Unknown · Composite Sample · Composite | Pouch cell assembled under about 10 MPa stack pressure with 2.6 g electrolyte and E/C ratio 1.3 g Ah-1.Pouch cell with limited lithium metal anode · Glass@NCM-811 cathode mass loading 31.8 mg/cm2, corresponding to 28.0 mg/cm2 NCM-811 | main p.9-10 · Enhanced cycling stability; Cell assembly · Fig. 5i; Supplementary Table 2 |
| Bulk Zn-P-dmbIm MOF Glassresearch_0795__mat__zn_p_dmbim_mof_glass | Unknown · Target Sample · Pristine Framework | MOF powder heated at 175 deg C under vacuum for 30 min and rapidly cooled to room temperature. | main p.9 · Synthesis of MOF glass |
| MOF Glass electrode with 80 wt% MOF Glassresearch_0795__mat__zn_p_dmbim_mof_glass | Electrode · Target Sample · Composite | MOF Glass, carbon black and PVDF mixed in 8:1:1 ratio and coated as electrode.Al foil current collector | SI p.24 · Supplementary Fig. 22 · Supplementary Fig. 22b |
| Self-standing MOF Glass filmresearch_0795__mat__zn_p_dmbim_mof_glass | Thin Film · Target Sample · Pristine Framework | Pressed pellet heated at 175 deg C under vacuum for 30 min and rapidly cooled.Home-made V-type permeation device for permeation test · ~1 mm square film larger than 1 x 1 cm2 for PALS; 15 mm pellet precursor for film preparation | main p.9-10 · Synthesis of MOF glass film; PALS |
| As-prepared Zn-P-dmbIm MOF powderresearch_0795__mat__zn_p_dmbim_mof | Powder · Composite Component · Pristine Framework | Washed with dichloromethane and dried at 70 deg C for 10 h after mortar grinding. | main p.9 · Preparation of Zn-P-dmbIm MOF powder |