Primary studyPeripheral evidenceElectrocatalysis

Thousand-fold increase in O2electroreduction rates with conductive MOFs

Mariano R.G., Wahab O.J., Rabinowitz J.A. et al. · ACS Central Science · 2022 · 975-982

3materials
12samples
7synthesis routes
17measurements
68results
5claims and caveats

Evidence map

Open a family to keep every result attached to its sample, method and conditions.

Author interpretations and caveats

Paraphrased for this database from the authors’ stated interpretations — never quoted verbatim — and kept separate from reported measurements.

CaveatSupport assessment: High

Ni3(HITP)2 retains crystallinity and shows no evidence of metallic Ni formation after GDE ORR electrolysis, indicating stability under high local H2O2 concentrations.

Caveat: Post-electrolysis PXRD signal is weak because the total MOF loading on GDE is less than 0.4 mg.

main article p.978 · Results and Discussion · Figures S10-S11 · Linked to 3 structured results

Composite RoleSupport assessment: High

Adding PTFE creates hydrophobic gas channels in the Ni3(HITP)2 catalyst layer, improving O2 transport and increasing ORR current without the improvement being explainable solely by increased ECSA.

Caveat: PTFE sample remains mass-transport limited relative to SECCM intrinsic estimates.

SI p.S12 · Supplementary text 3 · Figures S31-S34 · Linked to 6 structured results

Structure Property LinkSupport assessment: High

In the M3(HITP)2 series, Ni3(HITP)2 gives higher ORR/H2O2 activity than Co3(HITP)2 and Cu3(HITP)2 because it has higher ECSA, conductivity, porosity and crystallinity.

Caveat: The conductivity values are cited as prior four-probe measurements, not newly measured in this paper.

main article p.978 · Results and Discussion · Figure 2E-G · Linked to 9 structured results

Transport MechanismSupport assessment: High

At high Ni3(HITP)2 GDE loadings, much of the ECSA is underutilised because O2 transport through flooded catalyst layers becomes sluggish.

Caveat: Mass-loading trend is partly reported graphically; only headline values were extracted as text-reported results.

main article p.979 · Results and Discussion · Figure 3 and Figure S31 · Linked to 3 structured results

Transport MechanismSupport assessment: High

The low ORR current densities measured for Ni3(HITP)2 in conventional H-cell/RRDE experiments arise from O2 mass-transport limitations rather than intrinsically slow molecular-framework kinetics.

Caveat: RRDE and GDE/SECCM geometries differ; SECCM mass activity is a lower-bound calculation from model assumptions.

main article p.979 · Results and Discussion · Figures 2-4 · Linked to 4 structured results

Material identities

Names and aliases are kept exactly within the paper’s own identity model.

MaterialCompositionStructure contextSource
Co3(HITP)2Browse family: Co₃(HITP)₂ / Co–HITPCo3(HITP)2Cobalt nodes in an isostructural triphenylene-based conductive MOF framework. · HITP derived from HATP/HATP hydrochloride precursor.2D · PristineMonophasic porous crystalline 2D MOF isostructural to Ni3(HITP)2.SI p.S9 · Supplementary text 1 · Figures S12-S15
Cu3(HITP)2Browse family: Cu₃(HITP)₂ / Cu–HITPCu3(HITP)2Copper nodes in an isostructural triphenylene-based conductive MOF framework. · HITP derived from HATP/HATP hydrochloride precursor.2D · PristineMonophasic porous crystalline 2D MOF isostructural to Ni3(HITP)2.SI p.S9 · Supplementary text 1 · Figures S12-S15
Ni3(HITP)2Browse family: Ni₃(HITP)₂ / Ni–HITPNi3(HITP)2; HITP = 2,3,6,7,10,11-hexaiminotriphenyleneNickel nodes in a triphenylene-based conductive MOF framework. · HITP derived from HATP/HATP hydrochloride precursor.2D · PristineMonophasic, highly crystalline 2D conductive MOF, isostructural M3(HITP)2 family.main article p.976 · Results and Discussion · Figure 1A

Sample register

Sample form, processing state and composition status define the context for measurements.

Show 12 sample records
SampleForm and roleProcessing and geometrySource
0.4 mg cm^-2 Co3(HITP)2 GDEresearch_0836__mat__co3_hitp2Electrode · Composite Sample · CompositeDrop-cast Co3(HITP)2 ink with Nafion binder onto hot AvCarb GDE.AvCarb GDS2230 gas diffusion electrode. · Catalyst footprint within circle 1 cm across; effective electrolyte contact area 0.8 cm^2.main article p.978 · Results and Discussion · Figure 2E-G
As-synthesised Co3(HITP)2 powderresearch_0836__mat__co3_hitp2Powder · Pristine Control · Pristine FrameworkWashed by centrifugation with methanol and DI water, then dried under vacuum.SI p.S2 · Synthesis of the HITP MOFs
0.4 mg cm^-2 Cu3(HITP)2 GDEresearch_0836__mat__cu3_hitp2Electrode · Composite Sample · CompositeDrop-cast Cu3(HITP)2 ink with Nafion binder onto hot AvCarb GDE.AvCarb GDS2230 gas diffusion electrode. · Catalyst footprint within circle 1 cm across; effective electrolyte contact area 0.8 cm^2.main article p.978 · Results and Discussion · Figure 2E-G
As-synthesised Cu3(HITP)2 powderresearch_0836__mat__cu3_hitp2Powder · Pristine Control · Pristine FrameworkWashed by centrifugation with methanol and DI water, then dried under vacuum.SI p.S2 · Synthesis of the HITP MOFs
0.4 mg cm^-2 Ni3(HITP)2 on glassy-carbon RRDE diskresearch_0836__mat__ni3_hitp2Electrode · Composite Sample · CompositeDrop-dried Ni3(HITP)2/isopropanol/Nafion suspension on preheated GCE and dried at least 1 h.Polished glassy-carbon electrode, 5 mm disk, RRDE assembly.SI p.S3 · Preparation of H-cell/RRDE measurements with Ni3(HITP)2 GCEs · Figure S5
0.1 mg cm^-2 Ni3(HITP)2 GDEresearch_0836__mat__ni3_hitp2Electrode · Composite Sample · CompositePTFE-free Ni3(HITP)2/Nafion ink drop-cast on GDE.AvCarb GDS2230 gas diffusion electrode. · 0.1 mg cm^-2 catalyst loading.main article p.978 · Results and Discussion · Figure 3
0.2 mg cm^-2 Ni3(HITP)2 GDEresearch_0836__mat__ni3_hitp2Electrode · Composite Sample · CompositePTFE-free Ni3(HITP)2/Nafion ink drop-cast on GDE.AvCarb GDS2230 gas diffusion electrode. · 0.2 mg cm^-2 catalyst loading.main article p.978 · Results and Discussion · Figure 3
0.4 mg cm^-2 Ni3(HITP)2 GDEresearch_0836__mat__ni3_hitp2Electrode · Composite Sample · CompositeDrop-cast Ni3(HITP)2 ink with Nafion binder onto hot AvCarb GDE, dried at least 30 min, used in GDE flow electrolyser.AvCarb GDS2230 gas diffusion electrode. · Catalyst footprint within circle 1 cm across; effective electrolyte contact area 0.8 cm^2.SI pp.S3-S4 · Preparation of M3(HITP)2 GDEs · Figures S7-S8
0.8 mg cm^-2 Ni3(HITP)2 GDEresearch_0836__mat__ni3_hitp2Electrode · Composite Sample · CompositePTFE-free Ni3(HITP)2/Nafion ink drop-cast on GDE.AvCarb GDS2230 gas diffusion electrode. · 0.8 mg cm^-2 catalyst loading.main article p.978 · Results and Discussion · Figure 3
Ni3(HITP)2 particles on ITO for SECCMresearch_0836__mat__ni3_hitp2Electrode · Model System · Composite~0.5 mg mL^-1 Ni3(HITP)2 dispersion in isopropanol drop-cast onto cleaned ITO and dried.Indium tin oxide-coated coverslip, 8-12 ohm/sq.SI p.S7 · Sample Preparation for SECCM · Figure S23
As-synthesised Ni3(HITP)2 powderresearch_0836__mat__ni3_hitp2Powder · Pristine Control · Pristine FrameworkWashed by centrifugation with methanol and DI water, then dried under vacuum; activated at 373 K under dynamic vacuum before N2 adsorption.SI p.S2 · Synthesis of the HITP MOFs
0.8 mg cm^-2 Ni3(HITP)2 + 10 wt% PTFE GDEresearch_0836__mat__ni3_hitp2Electrode · Composite Sample · CompositePTFE dispersion mixed with Ni3(HITP)2 and Nafion binder, sonicated, then drop-cast on GDE as above.AvCarb GDS2230 gas diffusion electrode. · 0.8 mg cm^-2 Ni3(HITP)2 catalyst loading with 10 wt% added PTFE.SI p.S4 · Preparation of M3(HITP)2 GDEs · Figures S32-S34