Chun Li, Lili Zhang, Jiaqi Chen, Xuelian Li, Jingwen Sun, Junwu Zhu, Xin Wang and Yongsheng Fu · Nanoscale · 2021
Critical overview of conductive MOFs, emphasising design principles, transport mechanisms, electrical measurements, construction strategies and energy/device applications.
The review’s argument is preserved as a navigable set of section summaries.
Reviews electrocatalysis, supercapacitors, thermoelectrics, FETs, chemiresistive sensing and batteries as application spaces enabled by electronic conductivity plus porosity.
Relevance: Supporting · 496-502 · 5. Applications of conductive MOFs · Figs. 9-15
Organises conductive-MOF construction into metal-ligand coordination, ligand-ligand stacking and post-synthesis modification, with examples from pdt, BHT, HHTP, HTTP, HITP, TTF and guest-modified MOFs.
Relevance: Core · 491-496 · 4. Construction strategies for conductive MOFs · Scheme 6; Scheme 7; Figs. 1-8
Introduces carrier density, carrier mobility, activation energy, band theory, hopping theory, through-space and through-bond transport.
Relevance: Core · 487-489 · 2.1 Basic conceptions and influencing factors about conductivity · Schemes 2-3
Frames conductive MOFs as a response to the poor carrier mobility and low electrical conductivity of ordinary MOFs; defines scope and exclusions.
Relevance: Core · 485-487 · 1. Introduction · Scheme 1
Explains two-probe, four-probe, van der Pauw and related mobility/energy measurements, with caveats about contacts, form, anisotropy and conditions.
Relevance: Core · 489-491 · 3. Electrical conductivity measurements · Schemes 4-5
Summarises progress and stresses remaining needs: more conductive topologies, high-quality films, better growth control, measurement consistency and deeper transport-mechanism understanding.
Relevance: Core · 502-505 · 6. Conclusions and perspectives · Table 1
Classification systems are attributed to this review and are not treated as a global material registry.
The review limits conductivity to electronic carriers and separates these from ion and proton transport.
Categories: electrons · holes
487 · 2.1 Basic conceptions and influencing factors about conductivity
Band transport uses delocalised states and scattering/effective mass arguments; hopping transport uses localised sites and spatial/energetic barriers.
Categories: band transport · hopping transport
488 · 2.1 Basic conceptions and influencing factors about conductivity · Scheme 3
The review classifies construction strategies by the intrinsic charge-transport pathways targeted by framework design or guest modification.
Categories: metal-ligand coordination · ligand-ligand pi-pi stacking · post-synthesis modification
486 · Introduction
The review repeatedly distinguishes values by specimen form and method, warning that apparent conductivity is affected by contacts, morphology and anisotropy.
Categories: pressed pellet · thin film · single crystal · four-probe · two-probe · van der Pauw · FET
489-504 · 3.1-3.2; Table 1 · Schemes 4-5; Table 1
Through-space relies on non-covalent orbital overlap such as stacking; through-bond uses continuous coordination/covalency; guest-promoted routes introduce carriers or bridges through host-guest interactions.
Categories: through-space · through-bond · guest-promoted
488, 491 · 2.1; 4. Construction strategies · Scheme 6
Review-defined families retain their representative materials and conduction descriptions.
Square-planar sulfur-rich 2D frameworks based on benzenehexathiol/benzenehexathiolate ligands.
Conduction: The review presents BHT systems as high-conductivity metal-ligand coordination frameworks with strong pi conjugation and dithiolene character.
Representative materials: Cu3BHT · Cu3HTB · Ni3HTB2 · Ag3HTB · Pd3HTB2
Nodes / linkers: Cu · Ni · Ag · Pd · BHT · HTB · benzenehexathiolate
492-493, 503 · 4.1 Metal-ligand coordination strategy · Fig. 3; Fig. 4; Table 1
Initially insulating or weakly conducting porous frameworks modified by redox molecules, nanoclusters, fullerenes or polymers.
Conduction: Guest species add carriers or bridge electronic coupling while attempting to preserve porosity.
Representative materials: TCNQ@Cu3(BTC)2 · AgNC@Rb-CD-MOF · C60@NU-901 · PEDOT@MIL-101(Cr) · NiCB@NU-1000
Nodes / linkers: Cu · Rb · Cr · Zr · BTC · cyclodextrin · pyrene tetracarboxylate · BDC
495-496, 504 · 4.3 Post-synthesis modification strategy · Figs. 7-8; Table 1
2D nitrogen-rich frameworks from HAB linkers, including Co-HAB, Ni-HAB, Cu-HAB and mixed-metal analogues.
Conduction: Redox-active nitrogen coordination networks are discussed for sodium storage, OER and theoretical Li-S battery cathodes.
Representative materials: Co-HAB · Ni-HAB · Cu-HAB · CoNi-HAB · Mn-HAB
Nodes / linkers: Co · Ni · Cu · Mn · HAB · hexaaminobenzene
493, 497, 501-502 · 4.1; 5.1; 5.6 · Fig. 9; Fig. 14; Table 1
Triphenylene catecholate frameworks formed from HHTP with transition or rare-earth metal nodes.
Conduction: Planar pi-d conjugated sheets support metal-ligand charge transport; reported values depend strongly on form and measurement method.
Representative materials: Cu-CAT-1 · Cu3HHTP2 · Ni3HHTP2 · Co3HHTP2 · rare-earth HHTP MOFs
Nodes / linkers: Cu · Ni · Co · Fe · La · Nd · Ho · Yb · HHTP · catecholate · triphenylene
492, 503 · 4.1 Metal-ligand coordination strategy · Fig. 2; Table 1
Nitrogen-based honeycomb 2D MOFs from HITP ligands, notably Ni3(HITP)2 and Cu3(HITP)2.
Conduction: Slipped-parallel stacked 2D honeycomb sheets yield high film conductivity, FET mobility, thermoelectric and sensing utility.
Representative materials: Ni3(HITP)2 · Cu3(HITP)2
Nodes / linkers: Ni · Cu · HITP · hexaiminotriphenylene
493, 500, 503-504 · 4.1; 5.4; Table 1 · Fig. 5; Fig. 12; Table 1
Sulfur-substituted triphenylene 2D conductive MOFs, including metal HTTP and doped/ammonium variants.
Conduction: Supports square-planar metal-ligand conduction, with some members discussed for metallic or band-like behaviour.
Representative materials: Pt3HTTP2 · Co3HTTP2 · Ni3HTTP2 · Fe3HTTP2 · Fe3HTTP2(NH4)3
Nodes / linkers: Pt · Co · Ni · Fe · HTTP · hexathiotriphenylene
492, 503 · 4.1 Metal-ligand coordination strategy · Fig. 2; Table 1
Early conductive porous frameworks using redox-active copper bis(dithiolene)-type units.
Conduction: Used by the review as the earliest conductive MOF example and as a post-synthetic iodine-doping example.
Representative materials: Cu[Cu(pdt)2] · Cu[Ni(pdt)2]
Nodes / linkers: Cu · Ni · 2,3-pyrazinedithiolate · bis(dithiolene)
491 · 4.1 Metal-ligand coordination strategy · Fig. 1; Table 1
MOFs using tetrathiafulvalene-derived ligands to create ligand-ligand stacking paths.
Conduction: Columnar pi-stacks provide through-space paths; the review links S...S distance, band dispersion and conductivity.
Representative materials: Zn2(TTFTB) · Cd2(TTFTB) · M2(TTFTB)
Nodes / linkers: Zn · Cd · Mn · Co · TTF · TTFTB
494 · 4.2 Ligand-ligand pi...pi stacking strategy · Fig. 6; Table 1
Review-level synthesis principles remain separate from primary-study recipes.
Infiltrate conjugated redox-active guest molecules into pores so that guests electronically couple metal nodes or linkers.
Claimed effects: Can turn an insulating framework into a measurable conductor while maintaining porosity.
Controlling variables: open metal sites · guest-framework orbital coupling · guest loading · porosity retention · pore accessibility
Representative materials: TCNQ@Cu3(BTC)2 · NiCB@NU-1000 · C60@NU-901
Caveat: The review notes pore blocking and surface-area loss as recurring risks with guest loading.
495-496 · 4.3 Post-synthesis modification strategy · Fig. 7; Fig. 8
Prepare thin films, membranes or nanowire arrays by liquid-liquid, air-liquid, liquid-air or substrate-assisted interfacial routes for conductivity measurement and device integration.
Claimed effects: Supports high-conductivity films, FETs, thermoelectric pellets/membranes, supercapacitor arrays and battery separators.
Controlling variables: interface type · film thickness · solvent trapped in pores · crystallinity · substrate compatibility · crack-free membrane formation
Representative materials: Cu3BHT film · Ni3(HITP)2 membrane · Cu-CAT-1 nanowire array · Ni3(HITP)2 on polypropylene separator
Caveat: Device integration requires high-quality, controllable films; film thickness and trapped solvent can alter apparent transport.
492-502, 505 · 4.1; 5.2; 5.4; 5.6; 6 · Fig. 4; Fig. 10; Fig. 12; Fig. 15
Expose frameworks to iodine to oxidise the framework or introduce ordered guest molecules that increase carrier density.
Claimed effects: Can increase conductivity by orders of magnitude and lower activation energy.
Controlling variables: iodine affinity · doping amount · guest ordering · framework oxidation · activation energy
Representative materials: Cu[Ni(pdt)2] · iodine-loaded double-walled MOF
Caveat: Conductivity may arise from ordered guest molecules rather than the framework itself, so attribution must be treated cautiously.
494-495 · 4.3 Post-synthesis modification strategy
Use non-covalent stacking of electroactive ligands to form extended through-space transport paths.
Claimed effects: Can produce mobility comparable with organic semiconductors when stacking is close and ordered.
Controlling variables: interligand spacing · S...S distance · dimensionality · pi-stack alignment · interpenetration avoidance
Representative materials: Zn2(TTFTB) · Cd2(TTFTB) · In-IA-2D-2
Caveat: Pi-pi interactions may induce interpenetration or non-porous structures, undermining MOF porosity.
493-494 · 4.2 Ligand-ligand pi...pi stacking strategy · Fig. 6
Build frameworks from redox-active metal nodes and conjugated ligands so that charge can move through continuous coordination or covalent bonding.
Claimed effects: Can provide high charge delocalisation and high electrical conductivity, especially in planar pi-d conjugated 2D sheets.
Controlling variables: metal ion redox energy · ligand conjugation · coordination geometry · planarity · crystallinity
Representative materials: Cu[Cu(pdt)2] · Cu3BHT · Ni3(HITP)2 · Cu-CAT-1
Caveat: A designed mechanism may not be experimentally proven in the obtained MOF, and conductivity depends on sample form and measurement.
491-493 · 4.1 Metal-ligand coordination strategy · Figs. 1-4; Table 1
Generate conducting polymers inside porous frameworks to combine MOF porosity with polymer electronic conduction.
Claimed effects: Can make conductivity detectable and create chemiresistive sensing function.
Controlling variables: monomer loading · polymer loading percentage · catalyst · pore accessibility · polymer Fermi level
Representative materials: PEDOT@MIL-101(Cr) · MOF-polythiophene composite
Caveat: Electronic improvements must be balanced against preserving the host framework's pore accessibility.
496 · 4.3 Post-synthesis modification strategy
These are the review authors’ synthesis, not newly measured results.
Lower activation energy or narrower band gap increases thermally generated carrier density in semiconducting conductive MOFs.
Evidence basis: review_reasoning
Caveat: The review also notes activation energy is often not reported for MOF systems.
487-488 · 2.1 Basic conceptions and influencing factors about conductivity · Scheme 2; eqn (2)
The review argues that band transport is generally preferred for high conductivity because it offers more efficient electron delocalisation than hopping.
Evidence basis: review_reasoning
Caveat: The authors caution that the actual mechanism in a given MOF is often experimentally unresolved.
488-489 · 2.1 Basic conceptions and influencing factors about conductivity · Scheme 3
BHT/HTB frameworks provide some of the review's highest secondary conductivity benchmarks, especially Cu3HTB/Cu3BHT films.
Evidence basis: multi_reference
Caveat: The values are reported under different forms and methods and should not be directly ranked without context.
492-493, 503 · 4.1; Table 1 · Table 1
Conductive MOFs are attractive electrocatalysts because they combine conductivity with designable structures, high surface area and dense active centres.
Evidence basis: multi_reference
Caveat: The review states that direct comparison between 2D MOF catalysts is difficult.
497 · 5.1 Electrocatalysis · Fig. 9
Practical device integration requires high-quality conductive MOF films and more controllable film-growth methods.
Evidence basis: review_reasoning
Caveat: A broad outlook statement, not tied to a single material.
505 · 6. Conclusions and perspectives
High electronic conductivity in conductive MOFs requires both high charge density and high carrier mobility.
Evidence basis: review_reasoning
Caveat: The relative importance of density and mobility varies by mechanism and material.
487 · 2.1 Basic conceptions and influencing factors about conductivity · eqn (1)
Conductivity values depend on intrinsic material properties and on sample form, substrate, contacts, electrical leads and device quality.
Evidence basis: review_reasoning
Caveat: Chapter use should preserve measurement method and specimen form with any benchmark.
489 · 3.1 Basic concepts of conductivity measurements · Scheme 4
For most reported conductive MOFs, experimental methods are insufficient to determine the exact charge-transport mechanism.
Evidence basis: review_reasoning
Caveat: Use review-level mechanistic labels as hypotheses or design categories, not definitive primary evidence.
489 · 2.1 Basic conceptions and influencing factors about conductivity
Spatial and energetic orbital overlap is a dominant design variable for MOF charge mobility.
Evidence basis: review_reasoning
Caveat: Orbital-overlap arguments remain design rationales unless directly validated by transport experiments.
486, 488 · Introduction; 2.1
Ordinary MOFs are often poor electronic conductors because high-charge-density metal ions bound to redox-inactive ligands lack efficient charge mobility.
Evidence basis: review_reasoning
Caveat: This is the review's framing statement; individual MOFs may be exceptions.
485-486 · Introduction
Pressed pellets, polycrystalline films, single-domain films and single crystals can give different conductivities because grain boundaries, anisotropy and compaction alter transport.
Evidence basis: review_reasoning
Caveat: Reported pellet values may underestimate intrinsic single-crystal conductivity.
490 · 3.2 Conductivity measurement methods, problems and solutions
Planar pi-d conjugated 2D sheets are presented as a successful strategy for conductive MOF design.
Evidence basis: multi_reference
Caveat: The review notes large differences across materials, morphologies and measurement methods.
492 · 4.1 Metal-ligand coordination strategy · Fig. 2; Table 1
Post-synthesis modification can render insulating MOFs conductive by adding redox-active guests, clusters, fullerenes or conductive polymers.
Evidence basis: multi_reference
Caveat: The review warns that guest loading can block pores or complicate attribution of the conductive pathway.
494-496 · 4.3 Post-synthesis modification strategy · Figs. 7-8
The review's own Table 1 reveals that key semiconductor metrics such as activation energy and charge mobility are absent for many conductive MOFs.
Evidence basis: review_reasoning
Caveat: This is a secondary synthesis of reporting gaps across studies.
505 · 6. Conclusions and perspectives · Table 1
In M2(TTFTB) systems, shorter intermolecular S...S contacts correlate with wider band dispersion and higher conductivity.
Evidence basis: single_reference
Caveat: Presented through a small isostructural series, so generalisation should be cautious.
494 · 4.2 Ligand-ligand pi...pi stacking strategy
Two-probe measurements can be meaningful for very high-resistance MOFs, but four-probe methods are preferred when conductivities are high enough for contact resistance to matter.
Evidence basis: review_reasoning
Caveat: The review gives size and resistance heuristics; these should not be treated as universal rules.
489 · 3.1 Basic concepts of conductivity measurements · Scheme 4
Every row remains visibly secondary and links to a primary dossier only where the mapping is verified.
| Material | Property | Reported value | Context and quality | Primary evidence | Review source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SecondaryAg3HTB | electrical conductivity | 250 S cm^-1 | 2D M-L pathway; film; four-probe; room temperature table context Table · Exact Reported | research_0735 | 503 · Table 1 · Table 1 |
| SecondaryAgNC@Rb-CD-MOF | electrical conductivity | 2.15 x 10^-7 S cm^-1 | single crystal, two-probe; after Ag nanocluster loading Text · Exact Reported | research_0037 | 495, 504 · 4.3; Table 1 · Fig. 8; Table 1 |
| SecondaryCd2(TTFTB) | electrical conductivity | 2.86 x 10^-4 S cm^-1 | single crystal, two-probe Text · Exact Reported | research_0353 | 494, 504 · 4.2; Table 1 · Table 1 |
| SecondaryCu3HHTP2 | electrical conductivity | 30 S cm^-1 | 2D M-L pathway; pellet; two-probe; room-temperature table context Table · Exact Reported | research_0026 | 497, 503 · 5.2; Table 1 · Fig. 10; Table 1 |
| SecondaryCu3(HITP)2 | electrical conductivity | 0.2 S cm^-1 | bulk pellet, two-point-probe, room temperature Text · Exact Reported | research_0002 | 493, 504 · 4.1; 5.5; Table 1 · Fig. 5; Table 1 |
| SecondaryCu3HTB | electron mobility | 116 cm^2 V^-1 s^-1 | FET-derived value for electrons Text · Exact Reported | research_0006 | 492-493 · 4.1 Metal-ligand coordination strategy · Fig. 4 |
| SecondaryCu3HTB | electrical conductivity | 1580 S cm^-1 | thin film, four-probe, room temperature Text · Exact Reported | research_0006 | 492-493, 503 · 4.1; Table 1 · Fig. 4; Table 1 |
| SecondaryCu-CAT-1 / Cu3HHTP2 | electrical conductivity | around 0.2 S cm^-1 | single crystal, four-probe, room temperature Text · Approximate | No verified corpus mapping | 492 · 4.1 Metal-ligand coordination strategy · Fig. 2; Table 1 |
| SecondaryCu-CAT-1 nanowire array | supercapacitor rate retention | 66% capacitance retained when current density increases from 0.5 to 10 A g^-1 | Cu-CAT-1 NWA on carbon fibre paper supercapacitor electrode Text · Rounded Reported | research_0026 | 497-498 · 5.2 Supercapacitors · Fig. 10 |
| SecondaryCu[Cu(pdt)2] | thermal activation energy | 0.193 eV | 300 K conductivity context Text · Exact Reported | research_0201 | 491 · 4.1 Metal-ligand coordination strategy · Fig. 1 |
| SecondaryCu[Cu(pdt)2] | electrical conductivity | 6 x 10^-4 S cm^-1 | 300 K; Table 1 reports 1D, M-L pathway; measurement details not specified Text · Exact Reported | research_0201 | 491, 504 · 4.1; Table 1 · Fig. 1; Table 1 |
| SecondaryI2-doped Cu[Ni(pdt)2] | electrical conductivity after I2 doping | approximately 1 x 10^-4 S cm^-1 | film, two-probe, room temperature; I2 vapour at 50 C Text · Approximate | research_0203 | 494 · 4.3 Post-synthesis modification strategy |
| SecondaryCu[Ni(pdt)2] | electrical conductivity before I2 doping | 1 x 10^-8 S cm^-1 | film, two-probe, room temperature Table · Exact Reported | research_0203 | 494, 504 · 4.3; Table 1 · Table 1 |
| SecondaryNi3(HITP)2 | field-effect hole mobility | 48.6 cm^2 V^-1 s^-1 | 105 nm membrane active channel; p-type FET Text · Exact Reported | research_0015 | 499-500, 503 · 5.4 Field-effect transistors; Table 1 · Fig. 12; Table 1 |
| SecondaryNi3(HITP)2 | electrical conductivity | 40 S cm^-1 | polycrystalline film, four-probe van der Pauw, room temperature Text · Exact Reported | No verified corpus mapping | 493, 503 · 4.1; Table 1 · Table 1 |
| SecondaryNi3(HITP)2 | electrical conductivity | 2 S cm^-1 | bulk pellet, two-probe Text · Exact Reported | No verified corpus mapping | 493, 503 · 4.1; Table 1 · Table 1 |
| SecondaryNi3(HITP)2 | electrical conductivity | 58.8 S cm^-1 | four-probe, van der Pauw, room temperature; thermoelectric study Text · Exact Reported | research_0072 | 499, 503 · 5.3 Thermoelectric devices; Table 1 · Fig. 11; Table 1 |
| SecondaryNi3(HITP)2 | ZT | 1.19 x 10^-3 | thermoelectric device context Text · Exact Reported | research_0072 | 499 · 5.3 Thermoelectric devices · Fig. 11 |
| SecondaryNi3HTB2 | electrical conductivity | 160 S cm^-1 | doped film; van der Pauw; room-temperature table context Table · Exact Reported | research_0361 | 492, 503 · 4.1; Table 1 · Fig. 3; Table 1 |
| SecondaryPEDOT@MIL-101(Cr) | electrical conductivity | 1.1 x 10^-3 S cm^-1 | pressed pellet, two-probe; 57 wt% PEDOT loading Text · Exact Reported | No verified corpus mapping | 496, 504 · 4.3; Table 1 · Table 1 |
| SecondaryTCNQ@Cu3(BTC)2 | electrical conductivity | 0.07 S cm^-1 | film, two-probe, after TCNQ infiltration Text · Exact Reported | research_0088 | 495, 504 · 4.3; Table 1 · Fig. 7; Table 1 |
| SecondaryV-MOF@CNTF (MIL-47) | volumetric capacity | 101.8 mA h cm^-3 | aqueous zinc-ion battery at 0.1 A cm^-3 Text · Exact Reported | No verified corpus mapping | 501-502 · 5.6 Batteries · Fig. 14 |
Open questions are presented as review-author priorities, not conclusions from the primary database.
Direct comparison across conductive MOF catalysts and devices remains difficult because morphology, pH, stability and measurement methods differ.
Proposed direction: Benchmark applications with controlled morphology, comparable electrolytes/conditions and explicit stability testing.
497 · 5.1 Electrocatalysis
Integration into devices is limited by the need for high-quality films and controllable film-growth processes.
Proposed direction: Develop predictable film-growth methods and structure-property relationships for device-ready conductive MOF films.
505 · 6. Conclusions and perspectives
Guest modification can improve conductivity but may block pores or complicate the identity of the conduction pathway.
Proposed direction: Quantify porosity retention, guest distribution and host/guest contributions to conduction in post-synthetically modified MOFs.
495-496 · 4.3 · Fig. 8
Conductivity values are reported under inconsistent methods and conditions, making comparison difficult.
Proposed direction: Report sample form, geometry, contact method, current/voltage range, temperature and anisotropy; prefer rigorous four-probe/van der Pauw where appropriate.
505 · 6. Conclusions and perspectives · Table 1
The exact charge-transport mechanism is unknown for most conductive MOFs.
Proposed direction: Develop and combine experimental and theoretical methods that can distinguish band, hopping, through-space, through-bond and guest-mediated transport.
489 · 2.1
Activation energy and charge mobility remain unreported for many conductive MOFs.
Proposed direction: Include activation-energy, mobility, carrier-type and carrier-density measurements alongside conductivity.
505 · 6. Conclusions and perspectives · Table 1
Only a few MOFs had shown good conductivity by the time of the review, so new conductive topologies are needed.
Proposed direction: Design conductive MOFs beyond the small set of planar multi-dentate ligand families, while retaining porosity and crystallinity.
505 · 6. Conclusions and perspectives
The review calls for experimentalists and theorists to cooperate to design better conductive MOFs and elucidate mechanisms.
Proposed direction: Pair transport measurements with electronic-structure calculations and mechanistic modelling for new materials.
505 · 6. Conclusions and perspectives
Mappings show which printed review references have a verified counterpart in the frozen primary corpus.
| Reference | Study | Role and context | Corpus mapping |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ref. 42012 | Title unavailable | measurement_caveat · scope_contextCited for broader coordination-polymer context and measurement caveats used by the review. | Unmapped |
| Ref. 52014 | Title unavailable | conductivity_contextSupports the review's statement that redox-inactive ligands contribute to poor charge mobility. | Unmapped |
| Ref. 132009 | Title unavailable | historical_development · transport_benchmarkUsed as the earliest conductive MOF example and for conductivity/activation-energy benchmarks. | research_0201 |
| Ref. 142016 | Title unavailable | transport_equation · review_contextCited by the review for conductivity equations and charge-density/mobility concepts. | Unmapped |
| Ref. 222014 | Title unavailable | band_theory_contextCited for band-theory concepts used to frame conductive MOF transport. | Unmapped |
| Ref. 242014 | Title unavailable | electronic_structureCited in the review's semiconductor energy-band explanation. | Unmapped |
| Ref. 252011 | Title unavailable | transport_modelCited for the conduction-model schematic contrasting hopping and band transport. | Unmapped |
| Ref. 262015 | Title unavailable | structure_property · transport_benchmarkUsed for the review's S...S distance, band dispersion and conductivity comparison in TTFTB MOFs. | research_0353 |
| Ref. 272012 | Title unavailable | through_space_contextSupports the review's through-space orbital-overlap argument. | Unmapped |
| Ref. 282012 | Title unavailable | through_bond_contextSupports the review's through-bond charge-transport description. | Unmapped |
| Ref. 292014 | Title unavailable | measurement_contextCited in the review's basic measurement discussion. | Unmapped |
| Ref. 302005 | Title unavailable | measurement_methodCited for conductivity measurement equations and van der Pauw correction context. | Unmapped |
| Ref. 312015 | Title unavailable | transport_benchmark · thin_film · device_mobilityCited for liquid-liquid interfacial Cu-BHT films with very high conductivity and FET mobility. | research_0006 |
| Ref. 382010 | Title unavailable | post_synthesis_modification · transport_benchmarkUsed for iodine vapour doping of Cu[Ni(pdt)2] and conductivity/activation-energy change. | research_0203 |
| Ref. 392018 | Title unavailable | transport_benchmark · bht_familySelected from Table 1 as a high-conductivity BHT/HTB family benchmark. | research_0735 |
| Ref. 402015 | Title unavailable | sensor_application · transport_benchmarkUsed for Cu3(HITP)2 chemiresistive ammonia sensing and a conductivity benchmark. | research_0002 |
| Ref. 412016 | Title unavailable | planar_2d_familyCited in the review as evidence for planar pi-d conjugated 2D sheets as a successful conductive-MOF strategy. | research_0010 |
| Ref. 422017 | Title unavailable | planar_2d_familyCited in the review as part of the planar 2D MOF strategy evidence base. | Unmapped |
| Ref. 432012 | Title unavailable | material_family · transport_benchmarkUsed for HHTP catecholate frameworks and the Cu-CAT-1 conductivity benchmark. | Unmapped |
| Ref. 482014 | Title unavailable | bht_family · transport_benchmarkUsed for Ni3HTB2 film/doped-film conductivity and activation-energy benchmarks. | research_0361 |
| Ref. 522015 | Title unavailable | electrocatalysis · thin_sheetCited for freestanding 2D Ni-HTTP single-layer sheets and HER activity. | Unmapped |
| Ref. 582014 | Title unavailable | hitp_family · transport_benchmarkUsed for Ni3(HITP)2 synthesis and pellet/film conductivity benchmarks. | Unmapped |
| Ref. 682012 | Title unavailable | ligand_stacking · mobility_benchmarkUsed for a porous MOF with high charge mobility via pi-stacks of electroactive molecules. | research_0030 |
| Ref. 702014 | Title unavailable | ligand_stacking · device_mobilityUsed for dimensionality and pi-stacking effects on charge mobility in In-isophthalate MOFs. | Unmapped |
| Ref. 732010 | Title unavailable | iodine_doping · guest_conductionUsed as an example where iodine loading creates anisotropic conductivity in a MOF without apparent conductive paths. | Unmapped |
| Ref. 752014 | Title unavailable | guest_modification · transport_benchmarkUsed for TCNQ infiltration into Cu3(BTC)2 and six-order conductivity increase. | research_0088 |
| Ref. 782015 | Title unavailable | guest_modification · nanoclusterUsed for Ag nanocluster loading in Rb-CD-MOF and conductivity increase with porosity retention. | research_0037 |
| Ref. 792018 | Title unavailable | guest_modificationUsed for selective guest loading in NU-1000 mesopores and post-synthetic conductivity enhancement. | research_0106 |
| Ref. 802018 | Title unavailable | guest_modification · fullereneUsed for fullerene encapsulation in NU-901 and measurable conductivity from donor-acceptor interactions. | Unmapped |
| Ref. 822016 | Title unavailable | polymer_modification · sensor_applicationUsed for in-pore EDOT polymerisation, conductivity, and gas-sensor composite relevance. | Unmapped |
| Ref. 832017 | Title unavailable | polymer_modificationUsed for a MOF-polythiophene composite route similar to PEDOT polymerisation. | Unmapped |
| Ref. 1112017 | Title unavailable | electrocatalysis · bht_familyUsed for Cu-BHT morphology effects in HER and Table 1 conductivity benchmark. | Unmapped |
| Ref. 1122020 | Title unavailable | electrocatalysis · hab_familyUsed for Co-HAB morphology effects and OER activity. | research_0205 |
| Ref. 1132020 | Title unavailable | electrocatalysis · mixed_metal_habUsed for bimetallic CoNi-HAB OER activity and DFT interpretation. | Unmapped |
| Ref. 1232017 | Title unavailable | supercapacitor · morphologyUsed for Cu-CAT-1 nanowire-array supercapacitor performance and Table 1 conductivity entry. | research_0026 |
| Ref. 1322017 | Title unavailable | thermoelectric · transport_benchmarkUsed for Ni3(HITP)2 thermoelectric conductivity, thermal conductivity and ZT benchmarks. | research_0072 |
| Ref. 1342017 | Title unavailable | field_effect_transistor · mobility_benchmarkUsed for porous FET device based on Ni3HITP2 membrane and high hole mobility. | research_0015 |
| Ref. 1422019 | Title unavailable | battery_application · aqueous_zinc_batteryUsed for conductive V-MOF nanowire-bundle arrays as binder-free zinc-ion battery cathode. | Unmapped |
| Ref. 1442018 | Title unavailable | battery_application · separator · thin_filmUsed for Ni3(HITP)2 conductive membrane on polypropylene separator in Li-S batteries. | Unmapped |