Sensing Application — Ultrasensitive Detection of Electrolyte Leakage from Lithium-Ion Batteries by Ionically Conductive Metal-Organic Frameworks

Measurement evidence

Sensing Application

Ultrasensitive Detection of Electrolyte Leakage from Lithium-Ion Batteries by Ionically Conductive Metal-Organic Frameworks · Lu Y., Zhang S., Dai S. et al. · Matter · 2020 · 904-919

8 measurement groups · 29 results

Reported values remain attached to the sample, method, conditions, extraction quality and source location that produced them.

capacitance response to DMC vapour

Cu-TCPP MOF nanosheet thin-film control sensor · Thin Film

Cu-TCPP MOF nanosheet control sensor without free metal ions exposed to 200 ppm DMC.

Atmosphere: 200 ppm DMC vapour
Geometry: Cu-TCPP MOF thin-film control sensor
Context: pristine control lacking free Cu ions
Measurement source: 913 · Sensing Mechanism · Figure S17

Property	Reported value	Normalised value	Uncertainty	Origin and quality	Source
Cu-TCPP control capacitance response at 200 ppm DMC	weak response (~7%)	—	—	Text Approximate	913 · Sensing Mechanism · Figure S17
Cu-TCPP control capacitance	very low (~14 pF)	—	—	Text Approximate	913 · Sensing Mechanism · Figure S17

AC-mode capacitance and equivalent-resistance DMC vapour sensing

IC-MOF chemicapacitor/chemiresistor sensor with gold electrodes · Electrode

Capacitance Cp and equivalent resistance Rp collected with TH2827C LCR meter; working condition 400 Hz, 1 V after optimisation.

Temperature: 298
Atmosphere: DMC vapour in air
Geometry: IC-MOF gold-electrode sensor in Teflon chamber
Context: target IC-MOF
Measurement source: 910 · Assessment of IC-MOF-Based Devices by Capacitance and Resistance Signals under AC Mode · Figures 3 and S8-S11

Property	Reported value	Normalised value	Uncertainty	Origin and quality	Source
capacitance response to 50 ppb DMCMarked as a best value within this paper	3.0% response by Cp	—	—	Text Exact Reported	911 · Assessment of IC-MOF-Based Devices by Capacitance and Resistance Signals under AC Mode · Figure 3E
50 ppb DMC recovery time	9.5 s	—	—	Text Exact Reported	911 · Assessment of IC-MOF-Based Devices by Capacitance and Resistance Signals under AC Mode · Figures 3E and 3F
equivalent resistance response to 50 ppb DMCMarked as a best value within this paper	2.6% response by Rp	—	—	Text Exact Reported	911 · Assessment of IC-MOF-Based Devices by Capacitance and Resistance Signals under AC Mode · Figure 3F
50 ppb DMC response time	7.5 s	—	—	Text Exact Reported	911 · Assessment of IC-MOF-Based Devices by Capacitance and Resistance Signals under AC Mode · Figures 3E and 3F
capacitance-response linearity versus log DMC concentration	r2 = 0.9896 over 1-100 ppm	—	—	Text Exact Reported	910-911 · Assessment of IC-MOF-Based Devices by Capacitance and Resistance Signals under AC Mode · Figure 3B
resistance-response linearity versus log DMC concentration	r2 = 0.9955 over 1-200 ppm	—	—	Text Exact Reported	911 · Assessment of IC-MOF-Based Devices by Capacitance and Resistance Signals under AC Mode · Figure 3D
optimised AC working frequency	400 Hz	—	—	Text Exact Reported	910 · Assessment of IC-MOF-Based Devices by Capacitance and Resistance Signals under AC Mode · Figures S8-S11
optimised AC working voltage	1 V	—	—	Text Exact Reported	910 · Assessment of IC-MOF-Based Devices by Capacitance and Resistance Signals under AC Mode · Figures S8-S11
resistance response toward 20 ppm DMC in method comparison	Rp response up to 80%	—	—	Text Approximate	912 · Assessment of IC-MOF-Based Devices by Capacitance and Resistance Signals under AC Mode · Figure S13A

AC-mode capacitance and equivalent-resistance LIB-electrolyte sensing

IC-MOF chemicapacitor/chemiresistor sensor with gold electrodes · Electrode

Capacitance and equivalent resistance responses to 0.02-1.0 uL LIB electrolyte under 400 Hz, 1 V.

Temperature: 298
Atmosphere: LIB electrolyte vapour
Geometry: IC-MOF sensor in stainless-steel chamber
Context: target IC-MOF
Measurement source: 911-912 · Assessment of IC-MOF-Based Devices by Capacitance and Resistance Signals under AC Mode · Figure 4

Property	Reported value	Normalised value	Uncertainty	Origin and quality	Source
capacitance response fit versus electrolyte volume	r2 = 0.9949 logarithm fit	—	—	Text Exact Reported	912 · Assessment of IC-MOF-Based Devices by Capacitance and Resistance Signals under AC Mode · Figure 4B
carbonate vapour concentration from 0.02 uL electrolyteMarked as a best value within this paper	about 0.4 ppm	—	—	Text Approximate	911 · Assessment of IC-MOF-Based Devices by Capacitance and Resistance Signals under AC Mode · Figure 4
AC-mode LIB electrolyte detection volumeMarked as a best value within this paper	0.02 uL (20 nL)	—	—	Text Exact Reported	911 · Assessment of IC-MOF-Based Devices by Capacitance and Resistance Signals under AC Mode · Figure 4
equivalent-resistance response fit versus electrolyte volume	r2 = 0.9927 linear fit	—	—	Text Exact Reported	912 · Assessment of IC-MOF-Based Devices by Capacitance and Resistance Signals under AC Mode · Figure 4D
AC-mode LIB electrolyte response timeMarked as a best value within this paper	2 s	—	—	Text Exact Reported	912 · Assessment of IC-MOF-Based Devices by Capacitance and Resistance Signals under AC Mode · Figures 4A and 4C

output-current vapour sensing with Keithley 2636

IC-MOF chemicapacitor/chemiresistor sensor with gold electrodes · Electrode

Alternating voltage swept from 1 V to -1 V and back to 1 V within 2 s; current at -1 V monitored during DMC/air vapour exposure.

Temperature: 298
Atmosphere: air, 50% humidity, DMC vapour
Geometry: IC-MOF gold-electrode sensor in 100 mL Teflon chamber; 2.0 L/min gas flow
Context: target IC-MOF
Measurement source: 917 · Sensing Experiments · Figure 2A; Figure S6

Property	Reported value	Normalised value	Uncertainty	Origin and quality	Source
current decrease at 3,000 ppm DMC	67% current decrease	—	—	Figure Axis Rounded Reported	6 · Supplementary Fig. 6 · Supplementary Fig. 6
current-mode DMC response time t90	t90 = 4 s at 3,000 ppm DMC	—	—	Text Exact Reported	908 · Assessment of IC-MOF-Based Sensors under Output Current Mode · Figure S6
current decrease at 5 ppm DMC	11% current decrease	—	—	Text Exact Reported	908 · Assessment of IC-MOF-Based Sensors under Output Current Mode · Figure 2A

output-current LIB-electrolyte sensing

IC-MOF chemicapacitor/chemiresistor sensor with gold electrodes · Electrode

LIB electrolyte volumes injected into stainless-steel chamber; current response monitored under alternating voltage current mode.

Temperature: 298
Atmosphere: evaporated LIB electrolyte vapour in stainless-steel chamber
Geometry: IC-MOF sensor; 6 L stainless-steel chamber in SI
Context: target IC-MOF
Measurement source: 908 · Assessment of IC-MOF-Based Sensors under Output Current Mode · Figure 2B; Figure S5B

Property	Reported value	Normalised value	Uncertainty	Origin and quality	Source
current-mode response to 0.1 uL LIB electrolyte	normalised I minimum about 0.89, ca. 11% decrease	0.89 I/I0	—	Visual Estimate Approximate	908 · Assessment of IC-MOF-Based Sensors under Output Current Mode · Figure 2B
current-mode response to 1.0 uL LIB electrolyte	normalised I minimum about 0.32, ca. 68% decrease	0.32 I/I0	—	Visual Estimate Approximate	908 · Assessment of IC-MOF-Based Sensors under Output Current Mode · Figure 2B

real-time punctured lithium-ion battery electrolyte leakage monitoring

IC-MOF chemicapacitor/chemiresistor sensor with gold electrodes · Electrode

LIB placed in sealed metal chamber with voltmeter and LED; surface punctured by metal needle and IC-MOF sensor response monitored.

Atmosphere: sealed metal chamber with actual LIB electrolyte leakage
Geometry: IC-MOF sensor in real-time monitoring chamber
Context: target IC-MOF application device
Measurement source: 912-913 · Real-Time Monitoring of Leakage from LIB by IC-MOF Sensors · Figure 5 and Figure S14

Property	Reported value	Normalised value	Uncertainty	Origin and quality	Source
capacitance drop during real-time LIB leakage	Cp drops from about 460 pF to about 380 pF after leakage	—	—	Visual Estimate Approximate	913 · Real-Time Monitoring of Leakage from LIB by IC-MOF Sensors · Figure 5D
early warning duration in punctured LIB testMarked as a best value within this paper	at least 10 h	—	—	Text Exact Reported	912 · Real-Time Monitoring of Leakage from LIB by IC-MOF Sensors · Figure 5
equivalent resistance increase during real-time LIB leakage	Rp increases from about 184 kOhm to about 196 kOhm	—	—	Visual Estimate Approximate	12 · Supplementary Fig. 14 · Supplementary Fig. 14

vapour selectivity by resistance response

IC-MOF chemicapacitor/chemiresistor sensor with gold electrodes · Electrode

Resistance response to 50 ppm n-hexane, toluene, DMC, and water.

Temperature: 298
Atmosphere: individual vapours in air
Geometry: IC-MOF sensor
Context: target IC-MOF
Measurement source: 11 · Supplementary Fig. 13 · Supplementary Fig. 13B

Property	Reported value	Normalised value	Uncertainty	Origin and quality	Source
resistance response to 50 ppm DMCMarked as a best value within this paper	about +120% Delta Rp/R0	—	—	Figure Axis Approximate	11 · Supplementary Fig. 13 · Supplementary Fig. 13B
resistance response to 50 ppm toluene	about +40% Delta Rp/R0	—	—	Figure Axis Approximate	912 · Assessment of IC-MOF-Based Devices by Capacitance and Resistance Signals under AC Mode · Figure S13B

film-thickness dependence of capacitance/resistance and 100 ppm DMC response

IC-MOF chemicapacitor/chemiresistor sensor with gold electrodes · Electrode

100, 150, and 200 nm IC-MOF films compared for baseline Cp/Rp and response to 100 ppm DMC.

Temperature: 298
Atmosphere: DMC vapour
Geometry: IC-MOF sensors with different film thicknesses
Context: target IC-MOF thickness series
Measurement source: 11 · Supplementary Fig. 12 · Supplementary Fig. 12

Property	Reported value	Normalised value	Uncertainty	Origin and quality	Source
best sensor film thicknessMarked as a best value within this paper	150-nm-thick films exhibited the best sensing performance	—	—	Text Exact Reported	910 · Assessment of IC-MOF-Based Devices by Capacitance and Resistance Signals under AC Mode · Figure S12
capacitance response of 150 nm film to 100 ppm DMCMarked as a best value within this paper	about 73% Delta Cp/C0	—	—	Figure Axis Approximate	11 · Supplementary Fig. 12 · Supplementary Fig. 12c
resistance response of 150 nm film to 100 ppm DMCMarked as a best value within this paper	about 190% Delta Rp/R0	—	—	Figure Axis Approximate	11 · Supplementary Fig. 12 · Supplementary Fig. 12d