Primary studyCore evidenceTransport Physics

Piezoelectric-mediated two-dimensional copper-based metal–organic framework for synergistic sonodynamic and cuproptosis-driven tumor therapy

Zhong X., Li X., Gu L. et al. · Journal of Colloid and Interface Science · 2025 · 354-363

3materials
7samples
4synthesis routes
15measurements
57results
7claims and caveats

Evidence map

Open a family to keep every result attached to its sample, method and conditions.

Author interpretations and caveats

Paraphrased for this database from the authors’ stated interpretations — never quoted verbatim — and kept separate from reported measurements.

Application RelevanceSupport assessment: High

CM plus ultrasound suppresses 4T1 tumour-cell and in vivo tumour growth more strongly than CM or ultrasound alone, attributed to combined sonodynamic, chemodynamic and cuproptosis mechanisms.

Caveat: Biomedical efficacy is outside the core conductive-MOF transport leaderboard and is included as context.

p006-p008 · 2.4-2.6 · Fig. 4-6 · Linked to 4 structured results

Composite RoleSupport assessment: High

PVP coating converts Cu-2MI to water-dispersible CM while retaining the nanosheet morphology.

Caveat: Quantified dispersibility improvement is not reported as a numeric value in the text; zeta and size stability values from SI rendered plots are visual estimates.

p003 · 2.1 Synthesis and characterization · Fig. 1e-g; Fig. S3-S4 · Linked to 4 structured results

Phase AssignmentSupport assessment: High

Cu-2MI forms a 2D copper-based MOF through coordination between Cu and N atoms of 2-methylimidazole.

Caveat: No crystallographic CIF or powder XRD pattern was provided in the supplied text.

p002-p003 · 2.1 Synthesis and characterization · Fig. 1 · Linked to 4 structured results

Structure Property LinkSupport assessment: High

CM has a porous structure with moderate BET area and ca. 1 nm pore size.

Caveat: BET degassing/activation conditions were not stated in the SI text.

p003 · 2.1 Synthesis and characterization · Fig. S5 · Linked to 3 structured results

Structure Property LinkSupport assessment: Medium

Under ultrasonic stress, piezoelectric polarisation in CM induces band bending and charge separation, enabling ROS generation through superoxide/singlet-oxygen and hydroxyl-radical pathways.

Caveat: ROS evidence is largely probe-based and application-driven; exact quantum yields are not reported, and DPBF comparison values from SI are visual estimates.

p003-p004 · 2.2-2.3 · Fig. 2i; Fig. 3 · Linked to 10 structured results

Transport MechanismSupport assessment: Medium

CM exhibits piezoelectric/ferroelectric response, inferred from PFM contrast, 180 degree phase hysteresis and butterfly-shaped amplitude response.

Caveat: No piezoelectric coefficient or macroscopic polarisation value was reported.

p003 · 2.2 Piezoelectric properties and sonocatalytic mechanism · Fig. 2a-d · Linked to 8 structured results

Transport MechanismSupport assessment: High

CM behaves as an n-type semiconductor with a 2.75 eV band gap, favourable band positions, lower EIS resistance arc than ZIF-8, and about twice the photocurrent response of ZIF-8.

Caveat: No bulk electrical conductivity value is reported; EIS and photocurrent are electrode-level comparative measurements.

p003 · 2.2 Piezoelectric properties and sonocatalytic mechanism · Fig. 2e-h; Fig. S8 · Linked to 7 structured results

Material identities

Names and aliases are kept exactly within the paper’s own identity model.

MaterialCompositionStructure contextSource
CM / Cu-2MI-PVP compositePVP-coated Cu-2MICu(II) centres in Cu-2MI nanosheets · 2-methylimidazole framework linker; polyvinylpyrrolidone surface coating2D · CompositePVP-coated 2D copper-based MOF nanosheets; morphology retained after coating and water dispersibility improved.p003 · 2.1 Synthesis and characterization · Fig. 1
Cu-2MICu(2-methylimidazolate)-based MOF; exact empirical formula not reportedCu(II) centres coordinated by nitrogen atoms · 2-methylimidazole (2-MI)2D · PristineTwo-dimensional copper-based MOF nanosheets with quasi-square morphology; Cu-N coordination inferred by FT-IR and XPS.p002 · 2.1 Synthesis and characterization · Fig. 1
ZIF-8Browse family: ZIF-8 / Zn(mIm)₂Zn(2-methylimidazolate)2Zn(II) nodes · 2-methylimidazole (2-MI)3D · PristineZeolitic imidazolate framework-8 benchmark MOF used as an electrochemical/sonodynamic comparison.S2; S13 · Materials and Methods; Synthesis · Fig. S10

Sample register

Sample form, processing state and composition status define the context for measurements.

Show 7 sample records
SampleForm and roleProcessing and geometrySource
CM-coated FTO working electroderesearch_0528__mat__cm_pvpElectrode · Target Sample · CompositeCM coated on FTO glass for three-electrode semiconductor/electrochemical tests.fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) glass4. Semiconductor Performance Testing · Fig. 2g-h; Fig. S8
CM-IR780research_0528__mat__cm_pvpUnknown · Composite Sample · Guest LoadedIR780 dye loaded onto CM for in vivo fluorescence tracking.p007 · 2.5 In vivo antitumor efficacy · Fig. 5b-c
CM nanosheetsresearch_0528__mat__cm_pvpNanosheet · Target Sample · CompositePVP-coated Cu-2MI redispersed in water and stored at 4 deg C.p003 · 2.1 Synthesis and characterization · Fig. 1e-i
CM-RhBresearch_0528__mat__cm_pvpUnknown · Composite Sample · Guest LoadedRhodamine B-labelled CM for cell uptake imaging.12. Cell Uptake · Fig. 4a-b
Cu-2MI nanosheetsresearch_0528__mat__cu_2miNanosheet · Pristine Control · Pristine FrameworkBlue centrifuged product washed with anhydrous ethanol, redispersed in anhydrous ethanol, stored at 4 deg C.around 10 nmp002-p003 · 2.1 Synthesis and characterization · Fig. 1a-d
ZIF-8-coated FTO working electroderesearch_0528__mat__zif8_controlElectrode · Pristine Control · CompositeZIF-8 coated on FTO glass for electrochemical comparison.fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) glass4. Semiconductor Performance Testing · Fig. 2g-h
ZIF-8 particlesresearch_0528__mat__zif8_controlPowder · Pristine Control · Pristine FrameworkWhite centrifuged product washed with anhydrous ethanol, redispersed in anhydrous ethanol, stored at 4 deg C.S2; S13 · 2. Synthesis · Fig. S10