Primary studyCore evidenceThin Film Device

2D metal-organic frameworks for ultraflexible electrochemical transistors with high transconductance and fast response speeds

Song J., Liu H., Zhao Z. et al. · Science Advances · 2023 · eadd9627

1materials
8samples
2synthesis routes
14measurements
76results
6claims and caveats

Evidence map

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Author interpretations and caveats

Paraphrased for this database from the authors’ stated interpretations — never quoted verbatim — and kept separate from reported measurements.

Application RelevanceSupport assessment: Medium

Ultraflexible Cu3(HHTP)2 MOFECT arrays can record on-skin ECG signals from multiple directions and produce waveforms comparable to standard multilead ECG directions.

Caveat: Demonstrated on one human subject in the article; clinical diagnostic validation is outside the scope of the reported experiment.

main p.8 · Implementation of MOFECTs in wearable electrophysiological mapping · Fig. 5 · Linked to 8 structured results

Application RelevanceSupport assessment: High

Cu3(HHTP)2 MOFECTs combine high geometry-normalised transconductance, high mu*C* product and balanced electron/hole transport under low operating voltage.

Caveat: Best-value comparisons rely on the authors' selected benchmark set and operating geometry.

main p.3-4 · Figures of merit of MOFECTs · Fig. 2E-F; Table S1 · Linked to 7 structured results

Application RelevanceSupport assessment: High

Layer-by-layer liquid-phase Cu3(HHTP)2 deposition supports large-area MOFECT arrays with narrow mobility distribution across 16 devices.

Caveat: Uniformity is demonstrated for 16 devices on one reported substrate size; raw device-level data are not tabulated.

main p.4 · Figures of merit of MOFECTs · Fig. 2G-I; fig. S13 · Linked to 5 structured results

Structure Property LinkSupport assessment: High

Highly oriented Cu3(HHTP)2 thin films provide vertical ion-conductive nanopores, enabling volumetric ion doping, high capacitance and fast MOFECT response.

Caveat: Ion-conductivity extraction relies on the authors' transmission-line model rather than a direct pore conductivity measurement.

main p.4-6 · Figures of merit of MOFECTs · Fig. 3; fig. S15 · Linked to 5 structured results

Structure Property LinkSupport assessment: Medium

The crystalline Cu3(HHTP)2 channel shows negligible aqueous-electrolyte swelling and stable pulsed operation, supporting reversible electrochemical transistor use.

Caveat: The stability tests are device-level pulsed tests over 8000 s, not long-term continuous field deployment.

main p.6 · Figures of merit of MOFECTs · Fig. 3E-F; figs. S17-S18 · Linked to 4 structured results

Transport MechanismSupport assessment: High

The Cu3(HHTP)2 MOFECT is ambipolar: cations induce n-type behaviour under positive gate bias and anions induce p-type behaviour under negative gate bias; XPS supports predominantly electrostatic rather than redox doping in the operating window.

Caveat: XPS is ex situ and compares selected bias states; it may not capture all operando interfacial changes.

main p.3-4 · Figures of merit of MOFECTs · Fig. 2C; fig. S12 · Linked to 4 structured results

Material identities

Names and aliases are kept exactly within the paper’s own identity model.

MaterialCompositionStructure contextSource
Cu3(HHTP)2 two-dimensional conjugated metal-organic frameworkBrowse family: Cu₃(HHTP)₂ / Cu–HHTPCu3(HHTP)2Copper nodes; XPS indicates coexisting Cu2+ and Cu+ states. · HHTP = 2,3,6,7,10,11-hexahydroxytriphenylene2D · PristineIn-plane hexagonal lattice; preferential [001]-oriented slipped-parallel AB stacking in thin films; vertical nanopores along the out-of-plane direction.main p.1 · Introduction

Sample register

Sample form, processing state and composition status define the context for measurements.

Show 8 sample records
SampleForm and roleProcessing and geometrySource
Wearable Cu3(HHTP)2 MOFECT ECG arrayresearch_0648__mat__m_cu3_hhtp2Electrode · Target Sample · DopedOperated on skin using commercial ECG gel and a shared commercial Ag/AgCl ECG electrode gate.Ring-shaped ultrathin polyimide substrate adhered to skin · 12 devices distributed on a circle with radius 5.0 cm.main p.8 · Implementation of MOFECTs in wearable electrophysiological mapping · Fig. 5
Flexible inverter containing Cu3(HHTP)2 MOFECTresearch_0648__mat__m_cu3_hhtp2Electrode · Composite Sample · CompositeFlexible inverter devices using either two Cu3(HHTP)2 MOFECTs or a Cu3(HHTP)2 n-type MOFECT with a p(g2T-TT) OECT; ion gel electrolyte for flexible circuits.Ultrathin polyimide substrate · All-MOF inverter: d = 50 nm, W = 60 um, L = 30 um for each MOFECT in fig. S19.main p.7 · Implementations of MOFECTs in flexible inverters · Fig. 4; figs. S19-S21
Large-area Cu3(HHTP)2 MOFECT arrayresearch_0648__mat__m_cu3_hhtp2Electrode · Target Sample · DopedArray of MOFECTs operated in electrolyte and mapped for electron mobility uniformity.Large-area substrate, 30 mm x 50 mm · 16 individual devices; typical channel thickness d = 50 nmmain p.4 · Figures of merit of MOFECTs · Fig. 2G-I
Cu3(HHTP)2 MOFECT with Ag/AgCl gateresearch_0648__mat__m_cu3_hhtp2Electrode · Target Sample · DopedOperated in 0.05 M CaCl2 aqueous electrolyte with non-polarizable Ag/AgCl (sat. KCl) gate.Patterned substrate with Cu3(HHTP)2 channel and external Ag/AgCl reference gate · 50-200 nm channel-thickness series for transconductance and capacitance; 50 nm baseline devices.main p.3 · Figures of merit of MOFECTs · Fig. 2D,E
Cu3(HHTP)2 MOFECT with in-plane Au gateresearch_0648__mat__m_cu3_hhtp2Electrode · Target Sample · DopedOperated in 0.05 M CaCl2 aqueous electrolyte; positive gate bias induces n-type cation doping and negative gate bias induces p-type anion doping.Patterned glass substrate with Cr/Au source-drain-gate electrodes and Al2O3 insulation · Channel thickness d = 50 nm; W = 60 um; L = 30 um for output/transfer examples.main p.3 · Microfabrication of MOFECTs · Fig. 2
Pristine Cu3(HHTP)2 thin filmresearch_0648__mat__m_cu3_hhtp2Thin Film · Pristine Control · Pristine FrameworkLayer-by-layer solution-grown, [001]-oriented Cu3(HHTP)2 film before intentional electrochemical ion doping.Glass, Au electrode, ITO, or device substrates depending on measurement · 50-200 nm films; 150 nm film used for SI GIXRD; 50 nm film used for several AFM/SEM and device examples.main p.2 · Microfabrication of MOFECTs · Fig. 1
Electrochemically doped Cu3(HHTP)2 films for ex situ XPSresearch_0648__mat__m_cu3_hhtp2Thin Film · Target Sample · DopedFilm immersed in 0.05 M CaCl2; biased at 0.05 V for n-type doping or -0.5 V for p-type doping versus Ag/AgCl for 60 s.Indium tin oxide substratemain p.8 · Characterizations of Cu3(HHTP)2 · fig. S12
Cu3(HHTP)2 crystallographic model for Zeo++ pore analysisresearch_0648__mat__m_cu3_hhtp2Model · Model System · ModelZeo++ calculation using literature lattice parameters and atomic coordinates; nitrogen probe radius 1.86 A.not_applicable · not_applicablemain p.8 · Characterizations of Cu3(HHTP)2 · table S2