Primary studyPeripheral evidenceElectrocatalysis

Microfluidic Printing-Induced Dynamic Splitting of Conductive MOF to Expose High-Density Active Sites for Boosted CO2 Electroreduction

Yue J.-N., Wang Y., Meng J. et al. · Small · 2026 · e00018

1materials
13samples
11synthesis routes
27measurements
174results
6claims and caveats

Evidence map

Open a family to keep every result attached to its sample, method and conditions.

Author interpretations and caveats

Paraphrased for this database from the authors’ stated interpretations — never quoted verbatim — and kept separate from reported measurements.

Application RelevanceSupport assessment: High

MF-cMOFQ1.28/t5 substantially improves CO2-to-CH4 electrocatalysis relative to ST-cMOF in both H-cell and flow-cell tests.

Caveat: Electrochemical values are from paper-reported data; some series points were only recoverable as figure estimates.

5-6 · 2.2 Electrochemical CO2RR Performance · Figure 3 · Linked to 6 structured results

Application RelevanceSupport assessment: High

Microfluidic printing improves production scalability of Cu-HHTP cMOF, with MF-cMOFQ1.28/t5 achieving 502 kg m^-3 day^-1 STY and 282-fold enhancement over solvothermal ST-cMOF.

Caveat: Underlying SI table bodies for productivity/economic calculations are not available in the extracted SI text.

7 · 2.3 Mechanism Study · Figure 5a · Linked to 4 structured results

Phase AssignmentSupport assessment: High

MF-cMOFQ1.28/t5 preferentially exposes the (001) crystal plane relative to solvothermal ST-cMOF.

Caveat: Exact integrated (001)/(100) area ratio is not reported in accessible text.

3 · 2.1 Synthesis and Characterization of cMOF · Figure 1c · Linked to 2 structured results

Structure Property LinkSupport assessment: High

The ultrathin open-layered MF-cMOFQ1.28/t5 architecture increases active-site exposure, surface area, and electrochemically active area compared with ST-cMOF.

5 · 2.2 Electrochemical CO2RR Performance · Figures S42-S44 · Linked to 4 structured results

Synthesis MechanismSupport assessment: High

Laminar-flow shear in the confined microfluidic channel suppresses interlayer pi-pi stacking along the vertical direction and dynamically splits Cu-HHTP cMOF into ultrathin lamellar nanosheets.

Caveat: Direct wall-shear table values are not available because SI Table S3 body is missing.

1 · Abstract · Linked to 3 structured results

Transport MechanismSupport assessment: High

In situ ATR-FTIR indicates MF-cMOFQ1.28/t5 generates key *COOH, *CHO, and *CH2O intermediates more readily than ST-cMOF, supporting faster CH4-pathway hydrogenation.

Caveat: The slope unit is not explicitly defined in the paper text.

6-7 · 2.3 Mechanism Study · Figure 4 · Linked to 6 structured results

Material identities

Names and aliases are kept exactly within the paper’s own identity model.

MaterialCompositionStructure contextSource
Cu-HHTP conductive metal-organic framework (cMOF)Browse family: Cu₃(HHTP)₂ / Cu–HHTPCu3(HHTP)2-type; reported as Cu-HHTP/cMOFCu(II) sites from copper(II) acetate · 2,3,6,7,10,11-hexahydroxytriphenylene (HHTP)2D · PristineLayered two-dimensional conductive Cu-HHTP framework with PXRD peaks assigned to (100), (200), (210), and (001) planes.3 · 2.1 Synthesis and Characterization of cMOF · Figures S4-S5

Sample register

Sample form, processing state and composition status define the context for measurements.

Show 13 sample records
SampleForm and roleProcessing and geometrySource
MF-cMOFQ0.64/t5research_0893__mat__cu_hhtp_cmofNanosheet · Target Sample · Pristine FrameworkMicrofluidic printing at total flow rate 0.64 mL min^-1 and 5 min residence time.Figure 2q label 11 nm; main text range 10-20 nm at low flow3-4 · 2.1 Synthesis and Characterization of cMOF · Figure 2d-f,q
MF-cMOFQ1.28/t10research_0893__mat__cu_hhtp_cmofNanosheet · Target Sample · Pristine FrameworkMicrofluidic printing at total flow rate 1.28 mL min^-1 and 10 min residence time.6-7 · Section S2 Supplementary figures and tables · Figures S12-S13; Table S2
MF-cMOFQ1.28/t20research_0893__mat__cu_hhtp_cmofNanosheet · Target Sample · Pristine FrameworkMicrofluidic printing at total flow rate 1.28 mL min^-1 and 20 min residence time.7,12-13 · 2.1 Synthesis and Characterization of cMOF · Figures S12-S15
MF-cMOFQ1.28/t2.5research_0893__mat__cu_hhtp_cmofNanosheet · Target Sample · Pristine FrameworkMicrofluidic printing at total flow rate 1.28 mL min^-1 and 2.5 min residence time.6-7 · Section S2 Supplementary figures and tables · Figures S10-S11; Table S2
MF-cMOFQ1.28/t5research_0893__mat__cu_hhtp_cmofNanosheet · Target Sample · Pristine FrameworkOptimised microfluidic sample at total flow rate 1.28 mL min^-1 and 5 min residence time.5-8 nm in text; Figure 2r label 8 nm5 · 2.2 Electrochemical CO2RR Performance · Figure 3b,c
MF-cMOFQ1.28/t5 flow-cell electroderesearch_0893__mat__cu_hhtp_cmofElectrode · Target Sample · CompositeFlow-cell CO2RR electrode operated in 1 M KOH with CO2 gas flow.1 cm x 1 cm exposed flow-cell electrode4-5 · Section S1 Electrochemical measurements, Flow cell
MF-cMOFQ2.56/t5research_0893__mat__cu_hhtp_cmofNanosheet · Target Sample · Pristine FrameworkMicrofluidic printing at total flow rate 2.56 mL min^-1 and 5 min residence time.Figure 2s label 6 nm7-8 · 2.3 Mechanism Study · Figure 5a
MF-cMOFQ5.12/t5research_0893__mat__cu_hhtp_cmofNanosheet · Target Sample · Pristine FrameworkMicrofluidic printing at total flow rate 5.12 mL min^-1 and 5 min residence time.1-3 nm in text; Figure 2t label 2 nm4 · 2.1 Synthesis and Characterization of cMOF · Figure 2m-o,t
MF-cMOFQx/ty seriesresearch_0893__mat__cu_hhtp_cmofNanosheet · Target Sample · Pristine FrameworkMicrofluidic printing series with flow rate x = 0.64, 1.28, 2.56, 5.12 mL min^-1 and residence time y = 2.5, 5, 10, 20 min.11-2 nm series; main text also states 10-20 nm to 1-3 nm depending on flow rate2-3 · Introduction and 2.1 · Figure 1
MF-cMOFQx/ty H-cell electrode inksresearch_0893__mat__cu_hhtp_cmofElectrode · Target Sample · CompositeMF-cMOFQx/ty catalyst inks prepared by the same isopropanol/Nafion protocol and drop-cast for H-cell testing.glassy carbon electrode, 5 mm diameter3-4 · Section S1 Electrochemical measurements, H-cell
ST-cMOFresearch_0893__mat__cu_hhtp_cmofPowder · Pristine Control · Pristine FrameworkConventional solvothermal product, rod-like morphology, reference sample.80-100 nm by AFM; Figure 2p label 82 nm3-4 · 2.1 Synthesis and Characterization of cMOF · Figure 2a-c,p
ST-cMOF flow-cell electroderesearch_0893__mat__cu_hhtp_cmofElectrode · Pristine Control · CompositeFlow-cell CO2RR control electrode operated in 1 M KOH with CO2 gas flow.1 cm x 1 cm exposed flow-cell electrode4-5 · Section S1 Electrochemical measurements, Flow cell
ST-cMOF H-cell electrode inkresearch_0893__mat__cu_hhtp_cmofElectrode · Pristine Control · Composite10 mg catalyst dispersed in 900 uL isopropanol plus 100 uL Nafion D521 (5 wt%); 10 uL ink drop-cast.glassy carbon electrode, 5 mm diameter3-4 · Section S1 Electrochemical measurements, H-cell