Cao, Linan, Wei, Min · Acta Chimica Sinica · 2022
To summarise preparation methods for electric conductive metal-organic framework thin films and their electrical-device applications, then outline opportunities and challenges for future EC-MOF thin-film development.
The review’s argument is preserved as a navigable set of section summaries.
Organises device applications into gas sensing, electrochemical biosensing, energy storage and conversion, field-effect transistors, organic spin valves and artificial synapses.
Relevance: Supporting · p1047 · 3 EC-MOF 薄膜的应用 · Figures 9-18
Introduces MOFs, the emergence of EC-MOFs, charge-transport descriptions, and the thin-film processing bottleneck that motivates the review.
Relevance: Core · p1042 · 1 引言
Summarises the main synthesis methods and applications, then lists preparation, scale-up, defect, growth-mechanism, stability and device-mechanism challenges.
Relevance: Core · p1053 · 4 总结与展望 · Table 1
Compares LbL liquid-phase epitaxy, liquid-liquid interface, gas-liquid interface, vapour-assisted conversion, electrochemical growth and other nanotechnologies for EC-MOF films.
Relevance: Core · p1043 · 2 EC-MOFs 薄膜制备方法 · Figures 1-8
Classification systems are attributed to this review and are not treated as a global material registry.
The review separates chemical descriptions into non-bonding overlap between electroactive components and continuous valence-band transport through metal-linker bonding overlap.
Categories: through space · through bond
p1042 · 1 引言
The application section and Table 1 group EC-MOF thin-film studies by electrical device use.
Categories: gas sensing · electrochemical biosensing · energy storage · electrocatalysis · field-effect transistors · organic spin valves · artificial synapses
p1053 · 4 总结与展望 · Table 1
Figures 1-2 and Section 2 classify the review by preparation strategies and show a development timeline for EC-MOF thin films.
Categories: LbL liquid-phase epitaxy · liquid-liquid interface · gas-liquid interface · vapour-assisted conversion · electrochemical method · Face-to-Face confinement · microfluidic solution shearing
p1043 · 2 EC-MOFs 薄膜制备方法 · Figures 1-2
Hopping is framed as charge transfer between discrete non-bonding sites; band-like transport is framed as strong site interactions producing delocalised carrier bands.
Categories: hopping · band-like
p1042 · 1 引言
Review-defined families retain their representative materials and conduction descriptions.
Conductive films based on benzene or triphenylene thiolate ligands, often used for high conductivity, HER, FET or biosensing contexts.
Conduction: Sulfur-rich coordination motifs are highlighted for high conductivity and electrocatalytic activity, including very high Cu-BHT conductivity in FET context.
Representative materials: Ag3BHT2 · Au3BHT2 · Cu-BHT · [Co3(BHT)2]3- · [Co3(THT)2]3- · THTNi
Nodes / linkers: Ag · Au · Cu · Co · Ni · BHT · THT
p1054 · Table 1 · Table 1
M3HAB2 films based on hexaminobenzene coordination polymers, discussed for FET active-channel behaviour.
Conduction: Back-gate-dependent conductance is noted, with performance limited by crystallinity, defects and grain boundaries.
Representative materials: Ni3HAB2 · M3HAB2 (M = Co, Ni, Cu)
Nodes / linkers: Co · Ni · Cu · HAB
p1052 · 3.4.1 场效应晶体管 · Figure 16
Layered EC-MOF film heterostructures assembled by depositing one MOF thin film on another to tune molecular selectivity.
Conduction: The review frames the upper MOF as a molecular screening layer that modifies gas selectivity while preserving EC-MOF sensing function.
Representative materials: Cu-TCPP-on-Cu-HHTP
Nodes / linkers: Cu · TCPP · HHTP
p1047 · 3.1 气体传感 · Figure 9
Large pi-conjugated macrocycle-based EC-MOF films prepared at interfaces or by vapour conversion.
Conduction: The review links macrocycle orientation and pi-pi interactions to anisotropic charge transport and device functions such as photoconduction and artificial synapses.
Representative materials: Cu2[PcM-O8] · NiPc-CoTAA · Cu2(TCPP) · Cu-THPP
Nodes / linkers: Cu · Fe · Ni · Co · phthalocyanine · porphyrin · TCPP · THPP · CoTAA
p1045-p1046 · 2.3-2.5 · Figures 5-7
2D conductive frameworks using HHTP or HITP triphenylene linkers with Cu or Ni nodes.
Conduction: The review uses these as benchmark conductive thin films for gas sensing, FETs, supercapacitors, ORR, OSVs and multiple fabrication strategies.
Representative materials: Cu3(HHTP)2 · Cu3(HITP)2 · Ni3(HITP)2
Nodes / linkers: Cu · Ni · HHTP · HITP
p1054 · Table 1 · Table 1
Review-level synthesis principles remain separate from primary-study recipes.
Electrochemical oxidation/dissolution at a metal electrode supplies metal ions for direct EC-MOF assembly on a conductive substrate.
Claimed effects: Can yield large-area, smooth, continuous Cu3(HHTP)2 films with strong crystallinity and higher conductivity than earlier polycrystalline films.
Controlling variables: applied voltage · electrolysis time · metal-foil substrate · electrolyte and ligand deprotonation
Representative materials: Cu3(HHTP)2 · Cu3(BTPA)2 · Cu2(MTCP) · Cu3(TBTC)2
Caveat: Strong substrate dependence; the review notes Cu3(HHTP)2 growth only on copper foil in this comparison.
p1046 · 2.5 其他方法 · Figure 7 and Figure 8
A confined interface between two functionalised substrates is used to reduce nucleation density and promote wafer-scale 2D conductive MOF film growth.
Claimed effects: Produces wafer-scale conductive Cu2(TCPP) and M3(HHTP)2 films and is highlighted as a distinct confinement strategy.
Controlling variables: functionalised substrate spacing · micro-pore interface · capillary confinement · nucleation density
Representative materials: Cu2(TCPP) · M3(HHTP)2 (M = Cu, Co, Ni)
Caveat: Discussed as a recent method; broader generality and scale-up are not yet established in the review.
p1046 · 2.5 其他方法 · Figure 7
EC-MOF films grow at an air-solution or air-chloroform interface, then are transferred to target substrates.
Claimed effects: Can produce smooth Ni3(HITP)2 films, monolayer Cu-THPP films and oriented phthalocyanine EC-MOF films with anisotropic charge transport.
Controlling variables: air-liquid interface · reaction time · ligand amount · pre-organised ligand orientation · transfer method
Representative materials: Ni3(HITP)2 · Cu-THPP · Cu2[PcM-O8]
Caveat: Substrate transfer without damage remains a challenge for device fabrication.
p1045 · 2.3 气-液界面法 · Figure 5
Sequential exposure of a functionalised substrate to metal and ligand precursor solutions, often with SAM anchoring, to grow oriented EC-MOF films cycle by cycle.
Claimed effects: Produces smooth, compact, crystalline, oriented and thickness-controllable films, but is slow, size-limited and currently demonstrated for only some 2D EC-MOFs.
Controlling variables: substrate functional groups · growth-cycle number · spray versus immersion contact · 2D versus 3D substrate geometry
Representative materials: Cu3(HHTP)2 · Cu3(HITP)2 · 3D Cu3(HHTP)2
Caveat: Complex, time-consuming, area-limited and not universal across EC-MOF structural classes.
p1043-p1044 · 2.1 层层自组装液相外延法 · Figure 3
Metal salts and organic linkers are dissolved in immiscible liquid phases so a free-standing MOF film forms at the interface.
Claimed effects: Simple and rapid route to self-supporting films, including Cu-CAT, Ag3BHT2, Au3BHT2 and mixed-ligand THTA-Co films.
Controlling variables: choice of immiscible solvents · precursor diffusion rates · interfacial transfer method · metal/linker solubility
Representative materials: Cu-CAT · Ag3BHT2 · Au3BHT2 · THTA-Co
Caveat: Film thickness control and transfer integrity can be weaker than LbL; films may crack during transfer.
p1044-p1045 · 2.2 液-液界面法 · Figure 4
A precursor mixture on or at a liquid surface is exposed to a controlled vapour environment, triggering conversion into a continuous crystalline film.
Claimed effects: Enables substrate-grown or self-supporting EC-MOF films and is described as a low-cost, large-area route with thickness below 100 nm in favourable cases.
Controlling variables: vapour composition · temperature · precursor loading · base volatility and strength · exposure time
Representative materials: NiPc-CoTAA · Ni3(HITP)2
Caveat: Mechanical limitations and vapour-source selection constrain achievable ultrathin films.
p1045-p1046 · 2.4 蒸汽辅助转换法 · Figure 6
These are the review authors’ synthesis, not newly measured results.
Growing Cu-HHTP on nanostructured 3D metal-oxide substrates is interpreted as improving gas-sensing performance by increasing exposed area and shortening charge/mass-transfer paths.
Evidence basis: single_reference
Caveat: Review reports comparative improvements but does not deeply resolve the full sensing mechanism.
p1047 · 3.1 气体传感 · Figure 8
The review frames Cu-THPP EC-MOF artificial synapses as opening a new route for simulated synaptic devices using intrinsically plastic active layers.
Evidence basis: single_reference
Caveat: The area is described as early-stage and device mechanisms need further study.
p1053 · 3.4.3 人工突触 · Figure 18
EC-MOF films have promise for electrochemical biosensing, but reports remain few, largely because chemical stability is difficult in electrolyte-containing sensing environments.
Evidence basis: review_reasoning
Caveat: The review gives limited examples, so the field-level conclusion is tentative.
p1049 · 3.2 电化学生物传感 · Figure 10
EC-MOFs are framed as porous conductive materials combining charge-transport ability, high surface area and rich pore structures.
Evidence basis: review_reasoning
Caveat: General definition; individual conductivity varies widely by material and film quality.
p1042 · 1 引言
For energy storage and conversion, EC-MOF thin films are valued for high surface area, tuneable pores and intrinsic electronic conductivity, with potentially improved mass and electron transfer versus powders.
Evidence basis: multi_reference
Caveat: The review separately warns that few EC-MOF films rival carbon materials in conductivity and stability.
p1049 · 3.3 能量储存与转化
Ordered crystallinity, tuneable charge-transfer pathways and processable film methods make EC-MOF thin films promising FET active-channel materials.
Evidence basis: multi_reference
Caveat: Transfer damage, crystallinity and interface quality remain important limitations.
p1052 · 3.4.1 场效应晶体管 · Figure 16
The review concludes that EC-MOF thin-film research remains at an early stage, with unresolved issues in material diversity, scale-up, defects, growth mechanisms, device mechanisms, stability and application breadth.
Evidence basis: review_reasoning
Caveat: Outlook statement by the review authors.
p1053-p1054 · 4 总结与展望
Difficulty processing EC-MOFs into films hinders their development in electronic devices; many earlier devices used powders or thick films that impede effective electron transport.
Evidence basis: multi_reference
Caveat: The review does not quantify the powder/thick-film penalty across all devices.
p1043 · 1 引言
High-quality EC-MOF nanofilms are considered necessary to overcome gas and electron transport limitations in powder or thick-film gas sensors.
Evidence basis: multi_reference
Caveat: Gas-sensing mechanism and host-guest interactions are later identified as unresolved.
p1047 · 3.1 气体传感 · Figure 9
LbL methods can give thickness-controlled, oriented, high-quality EC-MOF films, but are complex, slow, size-limited and not broadly applicable across EC-MOF types.
Evidence basis: multi_reference
Caveat: Most successful examples are 2D EC-MOFs.
p1044 · 2.1 层层自组装液相外延法 · Figure 3
Liquid-liquid interfacial growth is presented as simpler and faster than LbL, with good prospects for EC-MOF film and device integration.
Evidence basis: multi_reference
Caveat: Thickness control and transfer quality remain limitations relative to LbL.
p1045 · 2.2 液-液界面法 · Figure 4
Even for the same EC-MOF, different thin-film preparation methods lead to large differences in film size, thickness, roughness and crystallinity.
Evidence basis: multi_reference
Caveat: The comparison is mostly qualitative and method-specific.
p1046 · 2.5 其他方法 · Figure 8
The review attributes Ni3(HITP)2 thin-film supercapacitor performance to low internal resistance and one-dimensional oriented channels that aid electrolyte-ion diffusion.
Evidence basis: single_reference
Caveat: This is the review authors' interpretation of a cited device study.
p1049 · 3.3.1 超级电容器 · Figure 11
For Ni3(HITP)2 ORR catalysis, the review reports that follow-up mechanistic work assigned catalytic active sites to the ligand rather than the metal moiety.
Evidence basis: single_reference
Caveat: Specific to this ORR system; should be verified in the primary mechanistic paper before generalisation.
p1050 · 3.3.2 电催化 · Figure 13
2D EC-MOF films are presented as a promising OSV platform, but the exact spin-polarised transfer mechanism in Cu3(HHTP)2 remains unknown.
Evidence basis: single_reference
Caveat: Spin transport interpretation is explicitly unresolved in the review.
p1052 · 3.4.2 有机自旋阀 · Figure 17
Every row remains visibly secondary and links to a primary dossier only where the mapping is verified.
| Material | Property | Reported value | Context and quality | Primary evidence | Review source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Secondary3D Cu-HHTP | NH3 detection-limit improvement versus 2D film | 1000-fold optimisation | 3D nanofilm grown on metal-oxide nanowire substrate at room temperature, compared with corresponding 2D Cu-HHTP film. Text · Rounded Reported | No verified corpus mapping | p1047 · 3.1 气体传感 · Figure 8 |
| SecondaryAg3BHT2 | electrical conductivity | 363 S cm-1 | Liquid-liquid interfacial film; review Table 1. Table · Exact Reported | research_0096 | p1054 · 4 总结与展望 · Table 1 |
| SecondaryAu3BHT2 | electrical conductivity | 19.8 S cm-1 | Liquid-liquid interfacial film; review Table 1. Table · Exact Reported | research_0096 | p1054 · 4 总结与展望 · Table 1 |
| SecondaryCo3(HHTP)2 | OER catalytic-activity retention | 97.5% after 3000 s | 4-layer Co3(HHTP)2 film in 0.1 mol/L KOH; OER catalysis. Text · Exact Reported | No verified corpus mapping | p1050 · 3.3.2 电催化 · Figure 14 |
| SecondaryCu-BHT | electrical conductivity | 1580 S cm-1 | Gas-liquid interfacial film; FET application; review Table 1. Table · Exact Reported | research_0006 | p1054 · 4 总结与展望 · Table 1 |
| SecondaryCu-CAT | electrical conductivity | 10^-4 S cm-1 | Liquid-liquid interfacial film; review Table 1. Table · Rounded Reported | No verified corpus mapping | p1054 · 4 总结与展望 · Table 1 |
| SecondaryCu3(HHTP)2/ITO/PET FTSC | areal capacitance | 939.2 microF cm-2 at 7 microA cm-2 | Symmetric flexible transparent supercapacitor at 7 microA cm-2. Text · Exact Reported | No verified corpus mapping | p1049 · 3.3.1 超级电容器 · Figure 12 |
| SecondaryCu3(HHTP)2 | electrical conductivity | 0.02 S cm-1 | Layer-by-layer film; gas-sensing application; review Table 1. Table · Exact Reported | research_0115 | p1054 · 4 总结与展望 · Table 1 |
| SecondaryCu3(HHTP)2 | NH3 gas-sensor response | R69.53 mg/m3 = 129% | 20 nm film; room-temperature NH3 sensing at 69.53 mg m-3. Text · Exact Reported | research_0115 | p1047 · 3.1 气体传感 · Figure 9 |
| SecondaryLSMO/Cu3(HHTP)2/Co OSV | magnetoresistance | 25% at 10 K | Organic spin valve with Cu3(HHTP)2 spacer; 10 K. Text · Exact Reported | No verified corpus mapping | p1052 · 3.4.2 有机自旋阀 · Figure 17 |
| SecondaryCu3(HHTP)2 | electrical conductivity | 0.29 S cm-1 | Layer-by-layer film used in organic spin valve context; review Table 1. Table · Exact Reported | No verified corpus mapping | p1054 · 4 总结与展望 · Table 1 |
| SecondaryCu3(HITP)2 | electrical conductivity | ca. 0.087 S cm-1 | Electrochemical film; review Table 1. Table · Approximate | research_0076 | p1054 · 4 总结与展望 · Table 1 |
| SecondaryCu3(HITP)2 | electrical conductivity | 0.2 S cm-1 | Layer-by-layer film; gas-sensing application; review Table 1. Table · Exact Reported | research_0340 | p1044 · 2.1 层层自组装液相外延法 · Table 1 |
| SecondaryCu2[PcM-O8] (M = Cu or Fe) | electrical conductivity | 5.6 x 10^-4 S cm-1 | Gas-liquid interfacial, interlayer-oriented phthalocyanine-based film; room temperature. Text · Approximate | research_0061 | p1045 · 2.3 气-液界面法 · Figure 5 |
| SecondaryCu2(TCPP) | electrical conductivity | ca. 0.007 S cm-1 | Face-to-Face confinement film; photoconductivity application; review Table 1. Table · Approximate | No verified corpus mapping | p1054 · 4 总结与展望 · Table 1 |
| SecondaryNi3(HITP)2 | FET carrier mobility | 48.6 cm2 V-1 s-1 | Ni3(HITP)2 film transferred to SiO2/Si substrate for microporous FET device. Text · Exact Reported | research_0015 | p1052 · 3.4.1 场效应晶体管 · Figure 16 |
| SecondaryNi3(HITP)2 | electrical conductivity | 40 S cm-1 | Gas-liquid interfacial film; FET application; review Table 1. Table · Exact Reported | research_0015 | p1054 · 4 总结与展望 · Table 1 |
| SecondaryNi3(HITP)2 | ORR onset potential | 0.82 V | 0.1 mol/L KOH solution; Ni3(HITP)2 film directly grown on glassy carbon electrode. Text · Exact Reported | research_0003 | p1050 · 3.3.2 电催化 · Figure 13 |
| SecondaryNi3(HITP)2 | areal capacitance | 1.63 mF cm-2 | Flexible, transparent supercapacitor electrode based on gas-liquid interfacial Ni3(HITP)2 film. Text · Exact Reported | No verified corpus mapping | p1049 · 3.3.1 超级电容器 · Figure 11 |
| SecondaryNi3(HITP)2 | electrical conductivity | 22.83 S cm-1 (92 nm) | Vapour-assisted conversion film, 92 nm thickness; review Table 1. Table · Exact Reported | No verified corpus mapping | p1054 · 4 总结与展望 · Table 1 |
| SecondaryNiPc-CoTAA | electrical conductivity | 6.67 x 10^-3 S cm-1 | Vapour-assisted conversion film; gas-sensing application; review Table 1. Table · Exact Reported | No verified corpus mapping | p1054 · 4 总结与展望 · Table 1 |
Open questions are presented as review-author priorities, not conclusions from the primary database.
Applications in many device fields are still early and material-performance structure-property relationships have not yet reached firm conclusions.
Proposed direction: Expand EC-MOF thin-film applications while linking material design, film quality and operating mechanisms to device performance.
p1054 · 4 总结与展望
Insufficient chemical stability limits practical application of EC-MOF films, especially in electrolyte environments.
Proposed direction: Use material design to improve chemical stability before practical device deployment.
p1054 · 4 总结与展望
The influence of structural defects on electronic-transfer properties remains unclear.
Proposed direction: Combine defect characterisation, controlled synthesis and transport measurements to relate defect populations to charge transfer.
p1053 · 4 总结与展望
Mechanisms and detailed electron-transfer processes for EC-MOF films used as active layers in devices such as gas and electrochemical sensors are not fully characterised.
Proposed direction: Resolve host-guest interactions, active sites and electronic transfer pathways during device operation.
p1054 · 4 总结与展望
Energy storage and conversion applications face challenges because charge-transfer kinetics have not been studied deeply enough.
Proposed direction: Focus on conductivity, stability and charge-transfer kinetics to improve EC-MOF films as supercapacitor active materials and electrocatalysts.
p1051 · 3.3.2 电催化
Growth mechanisms for EC-MOF films are described as temporarily blank or underexplored.
Proposed direction: Use in situ characterisation to observe film-growth processes and more precisely control orientation, thickness and conductivity.
p1054 · 4 总结与展望
Many EC-MOF materials have been reported, but only a small fraction can currently be prepared as films, and most are 2D structures.
Proposed direction: Develop new film-preparation methods and extend EC-MOF thin films to broader structural types.
p1053 · 4 总结与展望
Almost all EC-MOF films remain centimetre-scale or smaller, with only some reaching wafer scale; large-area mass production remains distant.
Proposed direction: Develop scalable fabrication routes for large-size and batch EC-MOF thin-film production.
p1053 · 4 总结与展望
Mappings show which printed review references have a verified counterpart in the frozen primary corpus.
| Reference | Study | Role and context | Corpus mapping |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ref. 202009 | Title unavailable | historical_framingCited for the review's historical statement that the first conductive MOF was reported in 2009. | research_0201 |
| Ref. 242017 | Title unavailable | mechanistic_interpretation · electrocatalysisUsed for ORR mechanistic interpretation assigning active sites to the ligand moiety. | research_0816 |
| Ref. 312021 | Title unavailable | film_processing_contextOne of several references supporting the statement that powder/thick-film devices limit EC-MOF electronic applications. | Unmapped |
| Ref. 322019 | Title unavailable | film_processing_contextCited in the review's discussion of EC-MOF film-processing limitations for electronic devices. | research_0799 |
| Ref. 332014 | Title unavailable | film_processing_contextCited in the review's motivation for controlled high-quality EC-MOF films. | Unmapped |
| Ref. 442017 | Title unavailable | synthesis_strategy · gas_sensing · transport_benchmarkSpray-assisted LbL Cu3(HHTP)2 nanofilm study used for film quality, thickness control, conductivity and NH3 sensing benchmarks. | research_0115 |
| Ref. 452020 | Title unavailable | gas_sensing · transport_benchmark · device_benchmarkCu3(HITP)2 LbL nanofilm and Ag/n-Si Schottky gas sensor example. | research_0340 |
| Ref. 462019 | Title unavailable | synthesis_strategy · spin_valve · transport_benchmarkImmersion LbL Cu3(HHTP)2 thin film on LSMO used for OSV construction and MR benchmark. | Unmapped |
| Ref. 482021 | Title unavailable | synthesis_strategy · gas_sensing · structure_property3D substrate LbL EC-MOF nanofilm used to discuss exposed area, shorter mass transport and improved NH3 sensing. | Unmapped |
| Ref. 542018 | Title unavailable | synthesis_strategy · transport_benchmarkLiquid-liquid interface example for Cu-CAT thin films and film morphology comparison. | Unmapped |
| Ref. 552018 | Title unavailable | synthesis_strategy · transport_benchmarkLiquid-liquid interfacial Ag3BHT2 and Au3BHT2 film example and high-conductivity table benchmark. | research_0096 |
| Ref. 562017 | Title unavailable | synthesis_strategy · electrocatalysisMixed-ligand THTA-Co liquid-interface EC-MOF film used for HER discussion. | Unmapped |
| Ref. 592017 | Title unavailable | synthesis_strategy · FET · transport_benchmarkGas-liquid interfacial Ni3(HITP)2 thin film used as FET active layer and conductivity/mobility benchmark. | research_0015 |
| Ref. 602021 | Title unavailable | synthesis_strategy · artificial_synapseGas-liquid interfacial monolayer Cu-THPP film and photo-stimulated artificial synapse example. | research_0076 |
| Ref. 612021 | Title unavailable | synthesis_strategy · anisotropic_transportGas-liquid interface phthalocyanine-based oriented EC-MOF films with anisotropic charge transport. | research_0061 |
| Ref. 662021 | Title unavailable | synthesis_strategy · transport_benchmarkVapour-assisted conversion example for NiPc-CoTAA film growth and conductivity benchmark. | Unmapped |
| Ref. 672019 | Title unavailable | synthesis_strategy · transport_benchmarkVapour-assisted, self-supporting Ni3(HITP)2 thin-film example with sub-100 nm thickness control. | Unmapped |
| Ref. 702021 | Title unavailable | synthesis_strategy · transport_benchmarkElectrochemical route to crystalline large-area Cu3(HHTP)2 nanofilms; table lists an electrochemical Cu3(HITP)2 conductivity benchmark. | research_0076 |
| Ref. 712021 | Title unavailable | synthesis_strategy · transport_benchmarkFace-to-Face confinement method for wafer-scale conductive MOF films and photoconductivity table benchmark. | Unmapped |
| Ref. 822019 | Title unavailable | gas_sensing · heterostructureMOF-on-MOF bilayer gas sensor demonstrating molecular screening and enhanced benzene response/selectivity. | Unmapped |
| Ref. 872021 | Title unavailable | biosensing · structure_propertyCu-BHT film with different upper/lower surface morphologies used for H2O2 electrochemical biosensing. | research_0416 |
| Ref. 942020 | Title unavailable | supercapacitor · device_benchmarkNi3(HITP)2 thin-film flexible transparent supercapacitor example. | Unmapped |
| Ref. 952021 | Title unavailable | supercapacitor · device_benchmarkUltrathin Cu3(HHTP)2 film on ITO/PET used for flexible transparent conducting electrodes and supercapacitors. | Unmapped |
| Ref. 1012016 | Title unavailable | electrocatalysis · ORR · transport_benchmarkNi3(HITP)2 film ORR electrocatalysis benchmark and conductivity entry in Table 1. | research_0003 |
| Ref. 1042018 | Title unavailable | electrocatalysis · OER · device_benchmarkCo3(HHTP)2 nanosheet/film OER catalyst showing layer-dependent activity and stability. | Unmapped |
| Ref. 1102015 | Title unavailable | electrocatalysis · HERLiquid-liquid interfacial 2D EC-MOF films used as HER catalysts. | Unmapped |
| Ref. 1112015 | Title unavailable | electrocatalysis · HERGas-liquid interfacial nickel-based 2D EC-MOF film THTNi for HER catalysis. | Unmapped |
| Ref. 1132015 | Title unavailable | FET · transport_benchmarkCu-BHT liquid-interface film with ambipolar FET behaviour and high conductivity table benchmark. | research_0006 |
| Ref. 1142017 | Title unavailable | FETM3HAB2 coordination polymer films, especially Ni3HAB2 FET device example. | Unmapped |
| Ref. 1152019 | Title unavailable | FET · biosensingSolid-liquid in situ grown Ni3(HITP)2 FET with gluconic acid sensing application. | research_0230 |